scholarly journals Screening of apathetic elderly adults using kinematic information in gait and sit-to-stand/stand-to-sit movements measured with Doppler radar

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 146045822199005
Author(s):  
Kenshi Saho ◽  
Kouki Sugano ◽  
Kazuki Uemura ◽  
Michito Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Kinematic Information

This paper presents a Doppler radar apathy-screening technique applied to elderly people based on their basic daily activities of walking and movements of sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit (STS). Our Doppler radar system remotely measured the kinematic parameters of the movements of 78 community-dwelling elderly adults (27 apathetic participants and 51 non-apathetic ones). Subsequently, logistic regression models using the measured kinematic parameters of gait and sit-to-stand/stand-to-sit movements were constructed for screening. The experimental results verified that, although the model using gait parameters could screen an apathetic group with a sensitivity of 85.2% and a specificity of 58.8%, the model using the STS parameters achieved better screening accuracies with a sensitivity of 88.9% and a specificity of 76.5%. These results reveal that the kinematic information of STS movements is significantly more effective at detecting apathy than is the gait information, which is otherwise regarded to be effective in conventional epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Associations of Plasma 3-Methylhistidine with Frailty Status in French Cohorts of the FRAILOMIC Initiative

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Kochlik ◽  
Wolfgang Stuetz ◽  
Karine Pérès ◽  
Catherine Féart ◽  
Jesper Tegner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Imaging Parameters ◽  
Frailty Criteria

Frailty and sarcopenia are characterized by a loss of muscle mass and functionality and are diagnosed mainly by functional tests and imaging parameters. However, more muscle specific biomarkers are needed to improve frailty diagnosis. Plasma 3-methylhistidine (3-MH), as well as the 3-MH-to-creatinine (3-MH/Crea) and 3-MH-to-estimated glomerular filtration rate (3-MH/eGFR) ratios might support the diagnosis of frailty. Therefore, we investigated the cross-sectional associations between plasma 3-MH, 3-MH/Crea and 3-MH/eGFR with the frailty status of community-dwelling individuals (>65 years). 360 participants from two French cohorts of the FRAILOMIC initiative were classified into robust, pre-frail and frail according to Fried’s frailty criteria. General linear models as well as bivariate and multiple linear and logistic regression models, which were adjusted for several confounders, were applied to determine associations between biomarkers and frailty status. The present study consisted of 37.8% robust, 43.1% pre-frail and 19.2% frail participants. Frail participants had significantly higher plasma 3-MH, 3-MH/Crea and 3-MH/eGFR ratios than robust individuals, and these biomarkers were positively associated with frailty status. Additionally, the likelihood to be frail was significantly higher for every increase in 3-MH (1.31-fold) and 3-MH/GFR (1.35-fold) quintile after adjusting for confounders. We conclude that 3-MH, 3-MH/Crea and 3-MH/eGFR in plasma might be potential biomarkers to identify frail individuals or those at higher risk to be frail, and we assume that there might be biomarker thresholds to identify these individuals. However, further, especially longitudinal studies are needed.

scholarly journals Comparison of difficulty with activities of daily living in elderly adults undergoing hemodialysis and community-dwelling individuals: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Kutsuna ◽  
Yusuke Isobe ◽  
Takaaki Watanabe ◽  
Yusuke Matsunaga ◽  
Satomi Kusaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Difficulty Score ◽  
Usual Gait Speed

Abstract Background Elderly adults undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have multiple comorbidities, physical frailty, and functional dependence with activities of daily living (ADL). ADL difficulty is an early predictor of ADL dependency in community-dwelling elderly adults. However, the characteristics of ADL difficulty in patients undergoing HD have not yet been reported. The present study aimed to examine the current status and characteristics of physical function and ADL difficulty in ambulatory elderly patients undergoing HD. Methods In all, 136 elderly outpatients undergoing HD and 40 community-dwelling controls participated in the present study. The characteristics, physical function (SARC-F score, grip strength, five-times sit-to-stand test time, usual gait speed, maximum gait speed, and short physical performance battery score), and scores from the ADL difficulty questionnaires [difficulty related to upper limb (U/L) and lower limb (L/L) functions] were compared between the HD and control groups. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine whether the characteristics of physical function were able to discriminate ADL difficulty in the HD group. Results The HD group had a significantly greater SARC-F score, lower grip strength, longer five-times sit-to-stand test time, slower usual gait speed, slower maximum gait speed, lower short physical performance battery score, and lower U/L and L/L ADL difficulty scores compared to the control group (all P < 0.001). The distribution of U/L and L/L ADL difficulty scores showed a wider variation in the HD group than in the control group. The U/L ADL difficulty score was independently associated with the SARC-F score (β = −0.52, P < 0.001) and grip strength (β = 0.21, P = 0.02). The L/L ADL difficulty score was independently associated with the SARC-F score (β = −0.56, P < 0.001) and usual gait speed (β = 0.35, P < 0.001). Conclusions The elderly HD group had a poorer physical function and experienced stronger ADL difficulty than the control group. There was an association between ADL difficulty and sarcopenia or poor physical function among patients undergoing HD. These findings provide useful data for effective clinical management to prevent decline of ADL in ambulatory elderly patients undergoing HD.

scholarly journals Effects of Older Adult Driving Resumption on All-Cause Mortality

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 2263-2267
Author(s):  
Kendra L Ratnapradipa ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Marla Berg-Weger ◽  
and Mario Schootman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Objectives Driving cessation is associated with adverse social and health outcomes including increased mortality risk. Some former drivers resume driving. Do resumed drivers have a different mortality risk compared to former drivers or continued drivers? Method We analyzed National Health and Aging Trends Study (2011–2015) data of community-dwelling self-responding ever drivers (n = 6,189) with weighted stratified life tables and discrete time logistic regression models to characterize mortality risk by driving status (continued, resumed, former), adjusting for relevant sociodemographic and health variables. Results Overall, 14% (n = 844) of participants died and 52% (n = 3,209) completed Round 5. Former drivers had the highest mortality (25%), followed by resumed (9%) and continued (6%) drivers. Former drivers had 2.4 times the adjusted odds of mortality compared with resumed drivers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51, 3.83), with no difference between continued and resumed drivers (aOR = 1.22; 95% CI = 0.74, 1.99). Discussion Those who resumed driving had better survival than those who did not. Practice implications include driver rehabilitation and retraining to safely promote and prolong driving.

scholarly journals Low blood pressure and risk of depression in the elderly

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Paterniti ◽  
Marie-Hélène Verdier-Taillefer ◽  
Catherine Geneste ◽  
Jean-Claude Bisserbe ◽  
Annick Alpérovitch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Low Blood Pressure ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe relationship between depression and low blood pressure is unclear.AimsTo examine the temporal relation between low blood pressure and depression in a two-year follow-up.MethodThe study group consisted of 1389 subjects aged 59–71 years; 1272 (92%) were examined after two years. Subjects completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression (CES–D) and the Spielberger inventory scales to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms respectively. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, smoking and drinking habits, medical history, drug use and blood pressure measures.ResultsAmong 1112 subjects who were considered as non-depressed at baseline, logistic regression models showed that low diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and decrease of blood pressure were predictors of high depressive symptomatology at follow-up. Baseline high CES–D scores did not predict low blood pressure two years after.ConclusionsIn our study, low blood pressure was a risk factor for, but not a consequence of, high depressive symptomatology.

Mild parkinsonian signs, energy decline, and striatal volume in community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qu Tian ◽  
Rebecca Ehrenkranz ◽  
Andrea L Rosso ◽  
Nancy W Glynn ◽  
Lana M Chahine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Body Composition Study ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background Mild Parkinsonian Signs (MPS), highly prevalent in older adults, predict disability. It is unknown whether energy decline, a predictor of mobility disability, is also associated with MPS. We hypothesized that those with MPS had greater decline in self-reported energy levels (SEL) than those without MPS, and that SEL decline and MPS share neural substrates. Methods Using data from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, we analyzed 293 Parkinson’s Disease-free participants (83±3 years old, 39% Black, 58% women) with neuroimaging data, MPS evaluation by Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale in 2006-2008, and ≥ 3 measures of SEL since 1999-2000. Individual SEL slopes were computed via linear mixed models. Associations of SEL slopes with MPS were tested using logistic regression models. Association of SEL slope with volume of striatum, sensorimotor, and cognitive regions were examined using linear regression models adjusted for normalized total gray matter volume. Models were adjusted for baseline SEL, mobility, demographics, and comorbidities. Results Compared to those without MPS (n=165), those with MPS (n=128) had 37% greater SEL decline in the prior eight years (p=0.001). Greater SEL decline was associated with smaller right striatal volume (adjusted standardized β=0.126, p=0.029). SEL decline was not associated with volumes in other regions. The association of SEL decline with MPS remained similar after adjustment for right striatal volume (adjusted OR=2.03, 95% CI: 1.16 - 3.54). Conclusion SEL decline may be faster in those with MPS. Striatal atrophy may be important for declining energy but does not explain the association with MPS.

scholarly journals Uncontrolled Diabetes as an Associated Factor with Dynapenia in Adults Aged 50 Years or Older: Sex Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1191-1197
Author(s):  
Clarice Cavalero Nebuloni ◽  
Roberta de Oliveira Máximo ◽  
Cesar de Oliveira ◽  
Tiago da Silva Alexandre
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Background Epidemiological studies demonstrate an association between diabetes and low neuromuscular strength (NMS). However, none have grouped participants into nondiabetics (ND), undiagnosed diabetics (UDD), controlled diabetics (CD), and uncontrolled diabetics (UCD) or investigated what glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) are associated with low NMS (dynapenia) by sex. Methods We analyzed the association between UDD, CD, and UCD and dynapenia, the extent to which the different groupings of these individuals modifies this association and the association between HbA1c levels and NMS, by sex, in a cross-sectional study involving 5,290 participants ≥50 years from the ELSA study. In the first two analyses, logistic regression models were used with dynapenia (grip strength &lt;26 kg in men and &lt;16 kg in women) as outcome and diabetes (ND, UDD, CD, and UCD) as exposure. Next, linear regression was performed with grip strength as the outcome, and the participants were classified based on HbA1c level as exposure. The models were adjusted by sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics. Results Compared to ND, only UCD was associated with dynapenia (men OR = 2.37 95% CI 1.36–4.14; women OR = 1.67 95% CI 1.01–2.79). This association was less clear, particularly in women, when CD and UCD groups were merged. HbA1c ≥6.5% in men and ≥8.0% in women were associated with lower NMS. Conclusions UCD increases the chance of dynapenia in both sexes. The different groupings based on diabetes status modify the association between UCD and dynapenia. The threshold of HbA1c associated with reduced NMS is lower in men compared to women.

Relationships Between Neighborhood Social Capital and The Occurrence of Outdoor Falls in Canadian Older Adults: A Multilevel Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1108-1135
Author(s):  
Afshin Vafaei ◽  
William Pickett ◽  
Maria Victoria Zunzunegui ◽  
Beatriz E. Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Neighborhood Social Capital ◽  
Neighborhood Level

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether neighborhood-level social capital is a risk factor for falls outside of the home in older adults. Methods: Health questionnaires were completed by community-dwelling Canadians aged +65 years living in Kingston (Ontario) and St-Hyacinthe (Quebec), supplemented by neighborhood-level census data. Multilevel logistic regression models with random intercepts were fit. Variations in the occurrence of falls across neighborhoods were quantified by median odds ratio and 80% interval odds ratio. Results: Between-neighborhood differences explained 7% of the variance in the occurrence of falls; this variance decreased to 2% after adjustment for neighborhood-level variables. In the fully adjusted models, higher levels of social capital increased the odds of falls by almost 2 times: (odds ratio [OR] = 2.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.19, 3.71]). Discussion: Living in neighborhoods with higher levels of social capital was associated with higher risk of falling in older adults, possibly through more involvement in social activities.

scholarly journals Diagnosing chronic rhinosinusitis: comparing questionnaire-based and clinical-based diagnosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
B. Lange ◽  
T. Thilsing ◽  
J. Baelum ◽  
R. Holst ◽  
A. Kjeldsen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Position Paper ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
High Level

Background: The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EP3OS) incorporates symptomatic and endo- scopic criteria in the clinical diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), while in epidemiological studies the definition is based on symptoms only. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between questionnaire-based and clinical-based CRS. Methods: Based on the GA2LEN postal survey data a total of 366 persons participated at the follow-up at the Danish centre and provided information on questionnaire-based CRS. At the same occasion the 366 participants underwent clinical inter- view and examination by an otorhinolaryngologist to provide information for a clinical-based CRS diagnosis. The association between questionnaire-based and clinical-based CRS diagnosis was determined using logistic regression models and kappa statistics. Results: Mean age of respondents to the postal questionnaire was 45.3 years and 52.9% were female. Persons with asthma were 8.4 % and 26.2 % were actual smokers. There was moderate agreement between questionnaire-based and clinical-based CRS. Sensitivity was [corrected] low comparing questionnaire-based CRS with clinical-based CRS. Incorporation of self reported CRS and medical history in diagnosing CRS by questionnaire increased increased [corrected] the agreement and sensitivity while specificity stayed at a high level. [corrected] Conclusion: Evaluating the correlation between questionnaire-based and clinical-based CRS showed only moderate agree- ment and questions whether they evaluate the same disease. It brings into consideration that adjustments are needed to justify correlation between questionnaire-based and clinical-based diagnosis of CRS.

scholarly journals The Association of Sleep Duration With Vision Impairment in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengsha Sun ◽  
Qiyu Bo ◽  
Bing Lu ◽  
Xiaodong Sun ◽  
Minwen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Long Sleep

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association of sleep duration with vision impairment (VI) in middle-aged and elderly adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study used the data from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–2012, a national survey of adults aged 45 years or older. Weighted multilevel logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between self-reported sleep duration and VI.Results: Of the 13,959 survey respondents, a total of 4,776 (34.2%) reported VI. The prevalence of short (≤6 h/night) and long (&gt;8 h/night) sleep durations was higher among respondents with VI than those without VI (P &lt; 0.001). Multilevel logistic regression models showed that compared with a sleep duration of 6–8 h/night, a sleep duration of ≤6 h/night was associated with a 1.45-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.34–1.56] higher VI risk, and a sleep duration of &gt;8 h/night was associated with a 1.18-fold (95% CI = 1.03–1.34) higher VI risk, after adjusting for sociodemographic data, lifestyle factors, and health conditions. Vision impairment was associated with short sleep duration in respondents from all age or gender categories. However, VI was associated with long sleep duration in respondents from the elderly or female categories. The association between VI and long sleep duration disappeared in respondents of middle-aged or male categories.Conclusions: The potential impact of sleep on the risk of visual functions requires further attention. A more comprehensive and integrated health care and rehabilitation system covering vision and sleep is also needed.

scholarly journals Association of Dog and Cat Ownership with Incident Frailty among Community-Dwelling Elderly Japanese

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Taniguchi ◽  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Mariko Nishi ◽  
Yui Tomine ◽  
Izumi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Dog Walking ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
Elderly Japanese ◽  
Stratified Analysis

AbstractAccumulating evidence from studies of human–animal interaction highlights the physiological, psychological, and social benefits for older owners of dogs and cats. This longitudinal study examined whether experience of dog/cat ownership protects against incident frailty in a population of community-dwelling older Japanese. Among 7881 non-frail community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older who completed a mail survey in 2016, 6,197 (mean [SD] age, 73.6 [5.3] years; 53.6% women) were reevaluated in a 2018 follow-up survey. Frailty was assessed with the Kaigo-Yobo Checklist. Incident frailty was defined as a score of four or higher in the follow-up survey. Overall, 870 (14.0%) were current dog/cat owners, 1878 (30.3%) were past owners and 3449 (55.7%) were never owners. During the 2-year follow-up period, 918 (14.8%) developed incident frailty. Mixed-effects logistic regression models showed that the odds ratio for incident frailty among dog/cat owners, as compared with never owners, current owners were 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–1.09) and past owner were 0.84 (0.71–0.98), after controlling for important confounders at baseline. In stratified analysis, the risk of incident frailty was lower for past dog owners than for cat owners. Longer experience of caring for a dog requires physical activity and increases time outdoors spent dog walking and thus may have an important role in maintaining physical and social function and reducing frailty risk among older adults.

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