scholarly journals Virtual reality-based conflict resolution: The impact of immersive 360° video on changing view points and moral judgment in the context of violent intergroup conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2255-2278
Author(s):  
Béatrice S. Hasler ◽  
Daniel H. Landau ◽  
Yossi Hasson ◽  
Noa Schori-Eyal ◽  
Jonathan Giron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
The Impact

We present an experimental study conducted in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict that examined the effect of immersive 360° video on inducing a more critical perception of the ingroup’s actions in the conflict. An immersive experience of a simulated conflict scenario filmed from the outgroup’s point of view led to the judgment of the ingroup actors’ behavior as less moral and less justified compared to watching the same scenario as a two-dimensional video. This effect was not mediated through increased outgroup perspective-taking and empathy but through higher levels of hostile emotions toward the ingroup actors, which in turn were influenced by an increased sense of presence and engagement in the immersive experience. These findings provide initial evidence for the still widely unexplored potential of virtual reality as a new method for conflict resolution.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality-based Conflict Resolution: The Impact of Immersive 360° Video on Changing View Points and Moral Judgment in the Context of Violent Intergroup Conflict

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice Hasler ◽  
Yossi Hasson ◽  
Daniel Landau ◽  
Noa Schori Eyal ◽  
Jonathan Giron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

We present an experimental study conducted in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that examined the effect of immersive 360° video on inducing a more critical perception of the ingroup’s actions in the conflict. An immersive experience of a simulated conflict scenario filmed from the outgroup’s point of view led to the judgment of the ingroup actors’ behavior as less moral and less justified compared to watching the same scenario as a two-dimensional video. Contrary to expectation, this effect was not mediated through increased outgroup perspective-taking and empathy, but through higher levels of hostile emotions towards the ingroup actors, which in turn were influenced by an increased sense of presence and engagement in the immersive experience. These findings provide initial evidence for the still widely unexplored potential of virtual reality as a new method for conflict resolution but challenge the common assumption of the empathy-enhancing capacity of virtual reality.

scholarly journals Testing the impact and durability of a group malleability intervention in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Goldenberg ◽  
Smadar Cohen-Chen ◽  
J. Parker Goyer ◽  
Carol S. Dweck ◽  
James J. Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact

Fostering perceptions of group malleability (teaching people that groups are capable of change and improvement) has been shown to lead to short-term improvements in intergroup attitudes and willingness to make concessions in intractable conflicts. The present study, a field intervention involving 508 Israelis from three locations in Israel, replicated and substantially extended those findings by testing the durability of a group malleability intervention during a 6-month period of frequent violence. Three different 5-hour-long interventions were administered as leadership workshops. The group malleability intervention was compared with a neutral coping intervention and, importantly, with a state-of-the-art perspective-taking intervention. The group malleability intervention proved superior to the coping intervention in improving attitudes, hope, and willingness to make concessions, and maintained this advantage during a 6-month period of intense intergroup conflict. Moreover, it was as good as, and in some respects superior to, the perspective-taking intervention. These findings provide a naturalistic examination of the potential of group malleability interventions to increase openness to conflict resolution.

scholarly journals Analytical Breakdown Voltage Model for Partial SOI-LDMOS Transistor with Buried Oxide Step Structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagamohan Sahoo ◽  
Rajat Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Drift Region ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We have developed a simple physics-based two-dimensional analytical Off-state breakdown voltage model of a PBOSS Silicon-On-Insulator Lateral Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor (SOI-LDMOS) transistor. The analytical model includes the expressions of surface potential and electric field distributions in the drift region by solving the 2D Poisson’s equation. The electric field at the Si-SiO2 surface is modified by creating additional electric field peaks due to the presence of the PBOSS structure. The uniformly distributed electric field results in improving the breakdown voltage. Further, the breakdown voltage is analytically obtained via critical electric field concept to quantify the breakdown characteristic. The model exploits the impact of the critical device design parameters such as thickness and length of the PBOSS structure, doping, and thickness of the drift region on the surface electric field and the breakdown voltage. The proposed model is verified by the results obtained from ATLAS two dimensional simulations. The analytical model is of the high potential from a physical and mathematical point of view to design high voltage SOI-LDMOS transistors for power switching applications.

scholarly journals The impact of empathy and perspective-taking instructions on proponents and opponents of immigration

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga M. Klimecki ◽  
Matthieu Vétois ◽  
David Sander
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive And Negative Emotions

Abstract In many societies, immigration is a conflictual topic, leading to heated exchanges between proponents and opponents of immigration. Such debates on immigration might benefit from the engagement of the discussants in empathy and perspective taking. Although empathy and perspective-taking exercises can be beneficial in some contexts, previous research shows marked differences in people with a rightist versus a leftist political orientation when it comes to their motivation to engage in empathy. The degree to which this applies to perspective taking and to the context of debates on immigration has not yet been tested. The current study, conducted in Switzerland, tested how proponents or opponents of immigration react to instructions for empathy and perspective taking in debates on immigration. The results reveal that, compared with participants in the control condition who had no instructions, proponents of immigration who received instructions were more motivated or willing to engage in empathy and perspective taking. Furthermore, proponents of immigration showed decreases in their positive and negative emotions under the perspective-taking instructions. Conversely, for opponents of immigration, perspective-taking instructions increased their perception of other’s competitiveness compared with participants in the control condition. Taken together, these results underline the importance of taking an individual’s views on immigration into account when implementing interventions for conflict resolution in immigration-related issues.

Religio-Cultural Contributions to Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding

2020 ◽  
pp. 284-301
Author(s):  
Gerald E. Umoren
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Peace Studies ◽  
Conflict Prevention ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Christian Culture ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

In the face of incessant conflict in today's society, coupled with the recurrent difficulty at attaining the needed peace building, this chapter seeks to examine the impact of a Judeo-Christian culture in conflict resolution. Building on the interpretation of Exodus 23:5, this chapter proposes not only to project the findings of its exegesis as a cultural perspective, but also to weigh how much this religio-cultural perspective has already impacted on, or could currently and hitherto contribute to peace building and conflict resolution. Employing the historical critical method from an analytical point of view, this chapter progresses from a simple exegetical analysis of the text to an evaluation that leaves useful recommendations for the future. The conclusions of the chapter would hold a lot of relevant implications for conflict resolution and peace studies today and beyond.

scholarly journals Directional Force Feedback: Mechanical Force Concentration for Immersive Experience in Virtual Reality

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 3692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seonghoon Ban ◽  
Kyung Hoon Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mechanical Force ◽  
User Studies ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, consumer-level virtual-reality (VR) devices and content have become widely available. Notably, establishing a sense of presence is a key objective of VR and an immersive interface with haptic feedback for VR applications has long been in development. Despite the state-of-the-art force feedback research being conducted, a study on directional feedback, based on force concentration, has not yet been reported. Therefore, we developed directional force feedback (DFF), a device that generates directional sensations for virtual-reality (VR) applications via mechanical force concentrations. DFF uses the rotation of motors to concentrate force and deliver directional sensations to the user. To achieve this, we developed a novel method of force concentration for directional sensation; by considering both rotational rebound and gravity, the optimum rotational motor speeds and rotation angles were identified. Additionally, we validated the impact of DFF in a virtual environment, showing that the users’ presence and immersion within VR were higher with DFF than without. The result of the user studies demonstrated that the device significantly improves immersivity of virtual applications.

Virtual reality technologies in the educational process: Prospects and dangers

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
A. S. Smirnov ◽  
K. A. Fadeev ◽  
T. A. Alikovskaia ◽  
A. V. Tumyalis ◽  
K. S. Golokhvast
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Psychological Risks ◽  
The Impact

The development and implementation of new information and communication technologies provide new forms of interaction between a computer and a person. One of these forms is virtual reality. The article examines immersive virtual reality and provides an analysis of 71 Russian and foreign works devoted to the latest research in the field of studying the phenomenon of virtual reality from the point of view of pedagogical and psychological sciences. Particular attention is paid to the impact of virtual reality on brain activity, behavior and learning. The study of these issues is necessary to analyze the possibility of using virtual reality in education. The sensation of being in a virtual environment in health and disease is considered, a description of the characteristics of virtual environments used in education is given. It is shown that the use of virtual reality demonstrates excellent opportunities in education, but it can also have some negative psychophysiological effects. The review discusses the data obtained by Russian and foreign researchers on the possible psychological risks of prolonged immersion of children and adolescents in virtual reality and suggests the use of virtual reality only on the basis of preliminary testing or questioning. It is concluded that virtual reality, like any other new phenomenon, requires further study.

scholarly journals Power Wheelchair Virtual Reality Simulator with Vestibular Feedback

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Guillaume Vailland ◽  
Yoren Gaffary ◽  
Louise Devigne ◽  
Valérie Gouranton ◽  
Bruno Arnaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Power Wheelchairs ◽  
Ability Tests ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Reduced Mobility ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Sense

Autonomy and the ability to maintain social activities can be challenging for people with disabilities experiencing reduced mobility. In the case of disabilities that impact mobility, power wheelchairs can help such people retain or regain autonomy. Nonetheless, driving a power wheelchair is a complex task that requires a combination of cognitive, visual and visuo-spatial abilities. In practice, people need to pass prior ability tests and driving training before being prescribed a power wheelchair by their therapist. Still, conventional training in occupational therapy can be insufficient for some people with severe cognitive and/or visio-spatial functions. As such, these people are often prevented from obtaining a power wheelchair prescription from their therapist due to safety concerns. In this context, driving simulators might be efficient and promising tools to provide alternative, adaptive, flexible, and safe training. In previous work, we proposed a Virtual Reality (VR) driving simula-integrating vestibular feedback to simulate wheelchair motion sensations. The performance and acceptability of a VR simulator rely on satisfying user Quality of Experience (QoE). Therefore, our simulator is designed to give the user a high Sense of Presence (SoP) and low Cyber-sickness. This paper presents a pilot study assessing the impact of the vestibular feedback provided on user QoE. Participants were asked to perform a driving task whilst in the simulator under two conditions: with and without vestibular feedback. User QoE is assessed through subjective questionnaires measuring user SoP and cyber-sickness. The results show that vestibular feedback activation increases SoP and decreases cyber-sickness. This study constitutes a mandatory step before clinical trials and, as such, only enrolled people without disabilities.

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