Performance of ammonia fuel in a spark assisted compression Ignition engine

Recent studies concluded that the use of ammonia in SI engines is possible thanks to an ignition booster or promoter. In this paper, the improvement of premixed ammonia/air combustion for internal combustion engines is studied as a function of performance and exhaust pollutants in a Spark-Assisted Compression Ignition single-cylinder engine, which supports a higher compression ratio (CR). For the first time, pure NH3 combustion was performed over a large range of engine operating conditions. The study concludes that neat ammonia can be used over a large operating range, here driven by the intake pressure, using a classical ignition device with a CR of 14–17 at 1000 rpm. The comparison with previous data obtained in a current single-cylinder SI engine clearly shows the potential of this engine mode, even for very low loads and various engine speeds (650, 1000, 2000 rpm), in spite of an initial aerodynamic that is not optimized to enhance flame-turbulence interaction. Kinetic simulations provide some explanations about exhaust emission behaviour, especially unburnt NH3, H2, NOx and N2O.

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A Review of Comparative Study on The Effect of Hydroxyl Gas in Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) On Engine Performance and Exhaust Emission

Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences ◽

10.37934/arfmts.87.2.116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Amir Ridhuan ◽

Shahrul Azmir Osman ◽

Mas Fawzi ◽

Ahmad Jais Alimin ◽

Saliza Azlina Osman

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Thermal Efficiency ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Exhaust Emission ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Complete Combustion ◽

Brake Power

This introductory study comes up with an innovative idea of using Hydroxyl gas as a fuel performance enhancer to reduce the natural sources and the overuse of fossil fuel resulting in increased pollution levels. Many researchers have used HHO gas to analyze gasoline and diesel in internal combustion engines. The main challenges of using HHO gas in engines have been identified as system complexity, safety, cost, and electrolysis efficiency. This article focuses on different performance reports and the emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine. As opposed to general diesel, this study found that using HHO gas improved brake power and torque. In all cases, an increase in braking thermal efficiency can be observed. This was due to the presence of hydrogen in HHO gas with higher calorific value than fossil fuels. At the same time, the fuel consumption unit of the engine was reduced, and the combined impact of hydrogen and oxygen helped to achieve complete combustion and improved the combustion capacity of the fuel when HHO gas was injected. The addition of HHO gas also improved the Brake Power (BP), Brake Torque (BT), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), and thermal efficiency while simultaneously reducing CO and HC formation. The rise in CO2 emissions represented the completion of combustion. Therefore, the usage of HHO gas in the Compression Ignition (CI) engine improved the engine performance and exhaust emissions.

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The effect of tap water emulsified fuel on exhaust emission of single cylinder compression ignition engine

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/20179001054 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 01054 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nurul Aiyshah Mazlan ◽

Wira Jazair Yahya ◽

Ahmad Muhsin Ithnin ◽

Mohamad Azrin Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Tap Water ◽

Exhaust Emission ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Emulsified Fuel ◽

Cylinder Compression

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Emission and Performance Characteristics of a Single Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine Operating on Esterified Rice Bran Vegetable Oil and Diesel Fuel

Design, Application, Performance and Emissions of Modern Internal Combustion Engine Systems and Components ◽

10.1115/icef2002-521 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. M. Nagaraj ◽

G. P. Prabhu Kumar

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Alternative Fuel ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Cylinder Compression

The alkyl monoesters of fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats, known as bio diesel, are attracting considerable interest as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. Biodiesel-fueled engines produce less carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbons, and particulate emissions than diesel-fueled engines. However, bio diesel has different chemical and physical properties than diesel fuel, including a larger bulk modulus and a higher cetane number. Some of these properties can be affected by oxidation of the fuel during storage. These changes can affect the timing of the combustion process and potentially increase the emissions of oxides of nitrogen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of injection and combustion timing on bio diesel combustion and exhaust emissions. Bio diesel fuel is a clean burning fuel made from natural renewable sources such as rice bran vegetable oil. Bio diesel operates in compression ignition engines similar to diesel fuel. It can be burnt in any standard unmodified diesel engine blended with 20% to 30% bio diesel with diesel. Rice bran oil can be converted into bio diesel fuel as ethyl ester by transestirification. Experimental investigations have been carried out using bio diesel as an alternative fuel in single cylinder, compression ignition engine under varying operating conditions and by varying the injection timings with respect to TDC. In this work various parameters such as brake power, peak pressure rise, and emissions during combustion process under varying operating conditions with diesel, bio diesel, bio diesel blends were measured. The exhaust emissions from the engine were measured using exhaust gas analyzer.

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A dual-fuel compression ignition engine – distinctive features

Combustion Engines ◽

10.19206/ce-117144 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 141 (2) ◽

pp. 33-39

Author(s):

Sławomir LUFT

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Exhaust Emission ◽

Dual Fuel ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Spark Ignition Engines ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Distinctive Features

For many years in the Department of Automobiles and Internal Combustion Engines in Technical University of Radom there are carried out investigations on dual-fuel compression ignition engine in which the ignition is initiated by a pilot diesel oil dose and the applied main fuels have properties similar to those applied in spark ignition engines. The tested fuels were methanol, ethanol, LPG and natural gas. Analysis of the obtained results allowed to make some generalizations and to determine advantages as well as problems which should be solved for higher efficiency, power and durability. The paper will present information on efficiency, power, toxic exhaust emission and chosen parameters of combustion process of a dual-fuel compression ignition engine as well as on a difficult to control – knock combustion which may result in lower engine durability and piston crank mechanism failure.

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Effect of Nano Particle Addition on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.i8226.078919 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 3038-3040

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Fuel Additive ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Inorganic Nanotubes ◽

Performance And Emission ◽

Application Potential

Inorganic nanotubes are attracting the attention of many scientists and investigators, due to their outstanding application potential in different fields. Researches have been performed in the field of internal combustion engines by adding nanoparticles into the diesel fuel and in biodiesel and blends and their effect on overall performance were studied. It is understood that doping of nanoparticles tend to decrease the emission levels from the engines. Owing to that idea, this project is directed to investigate the effect of doping nanoparticle over the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine. Nanotubes are mixed with diesel fuel as a fuel additive at different compositions that are 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm to find the variation in performance and emission characteristics and results indicate that nanoparticle doped fuel shall be used as an alternate fuel without any modifications to engine structure.

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Dual fuelling SI engine with alcohol and gasoline

Combustion Engines ◽

10.19206/ce-117104 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 145 (2) ◽

pp. 73-81

Author(s):

Jerzy LARISCH ◽

Zdzisław STELMASIAK

Keyword(s):

Alternative Fuels ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Thermal State ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Spark Ignition Engine ◽

Intake Manifold ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Mixing Chamber ◽

Si Engines ◽

Dual Fueling

The Department of Internal Combustion Engines and Vehicles, Technical University of Bielsko-Biala has carried out work on alternative fuels in the area of dual-fueling of SI engines. The paper presents the concept of dual fuel (alcohol and gasoline) MPI injected spark-ignition engine using a fuel mixing device. The solution consists in mixing the fuel (gasoline and alcohol) before or in the fuel rail, which ensures a variable share of alcohol in the mixture in the range from 0÷100%, depending on the engine operating conditions (engine revolutions and load), and its thermal state. The fuels are delivered to the mixing chamber through the solenoid valves that allow a proper selection of the proportion of alcohol and gasoline. The pre-prepared mixture is injected through the original injectors to the intake manifold, around the intake valve. This paper presents the prototype of the mixer that allows mixing of the gasoline and alcohol in any proportion using a PWM.

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NOx Reduction in Diesel-Hydrogen Engines Using Different Strategies of Ammonia Injection

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12071255 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1255 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M.I. Lamas ◽

C.G. Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Nox Reduction ◽

Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽

Nox Emissions ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Injection Duration ◽

Ammonia Injection

In order to reduce NOx emissions in internal combustion engines, the present work analyzes a measurement which consists of injecting ammonia directly into the combustion chamber. A commercial compression ignition engine fueled with a hydrogen-diesel blend was studied numerically. It was verified that the flow rate shape in which the ammonia was injected, particularly rectangular, triangular, or parabolic, as well as the injection duration had an important influence on NOx reduction. A 11.4% improvement in NOx reduction, corresponding to an overall reduction of 78.2% in NOx, was found for parabolic injection shape and 1º injection duration. The effect on carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon emissions, as well as brake-specific consumption, was negligible.

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Optimizing the Shape of a Compression-Ignition Engine Combustion Chamber by Using Simulation Tests

Polish Maritime Research ◽

10.2478/pomr-2019-0054 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 138-146

Author(s):

Ireneusz Pielecha ◽

Jerzy Merkisz

Keyword(s):

Combustion Chamber ◽

High Speed ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Multidimensional Data ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

System Quality ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Engine Combustion

Abstract Modern solutions used in compression-ignition internal combustion engines are quite similar to each other. The use of high-pressure, direct fuel injection results in high combustion rates with controlled exhaust emissions. One of the combustion system quality criteria is to obtain adequately high thermodynamic indicators of the combustion process, which are obtained through, among others, the right combustion chamber geometry. Its shape influences the fuel atomization process, turbulence of fuel dose, evaporation and the combustion process. Optimizing the combustion chamber shape is one of the decisive factors proving the correct execution of the combustion process. This article presents the methodology of choosing the combustion chamber shape (changes of three selected combustion chamber dimensions) by using the optimization methods. Generating multidimensional data while maintaining the correlation structure was performed by using the Latin hypercube method. Chamber optimization was carried out by using the Nelder-Mead method. The combustion chamber shape was optimized for three engine load values (determined by the average indicated pressure) at selected engine operating conditions. The presented method of engine combustion chamber optimization can be used in low and high speed diesel propulsion engines (especially in maritime transport applications).

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