scholarly journals Two decades of European criminology: Exploring the conferences of the European Society of Criminology through topic modelling

2021 ◽  
pp. 147737082110073
Author(s):  
Tom Vander Beken ◽  
Christophe Vandeviver ◽  
Stijn Daenekindt
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
Professional Association ◽  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Institutional Affiliation ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Over Time

What is European criminology about? Through topic modelling, we investigate the content of 11,724 presentations held at the annual conferences of the European Society of Criminology, the largest and most influential professional association in Europe for those who are actively engaged in research, teaching, and/or practice in criminology, from 2001 to 2019. We extract 50 topics and identify the top contributing institutions and countries based on first author institutional affiliation. In addition, we determine the most and least influential topics in European criminology. We further explore how the prominence of topics has evolved over time and identify five topics that are increasingly being addressed and three topics that have gradually declined in interest – hot and cold topics, respectively. The results are discussed in light of previous research on European criminology and current debates on its epistemology.

scholarly journals A state of affairs of European criminology: An exploration of topics and trends through topic modelling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Vander Beken ◽  
Christophe Vandeviver ◽  
Stijn Daenekindt
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
Professional Association ◽  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Institutional Affiliation ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Over Time

What is European criminology about? Through topic modelling, we investigate the content of 11,724 presentations held at the annual conferences of the European Society of Criminology, the largest and most influential professional association in Europe for those who are actively engaged in research, teaching, and/or practice in criminology, from 2001 to 2019. We extract 50 topics, and identify top contributing institutions and countries based on first author institutional affiliation. In addition, we determine the most and least influential topics in European criminology. We further explore how the prominence of topics has evolved over time and identify five topics that are increasingly being addressed and three topics that have gradually lost interest, hot and cold topics respectively. The results are discussed in light of previous research on European criminology and current debates on its epistemology.

scholarly journals Mining ethnicity: Discourse-driven topic modelling of immigrant discourses in the USA, 1898–1920

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorella Viola ◽  
Jaap Verheul
Keyword(s):  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
Ethnic Newspapers ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Discourse Historical Approach ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article aims to offer a methodological contribution to digital humanities by exploring the value of a mixed-method approach to uncover and understand historical patterns in large quantities of textual data. It refines the distant reading technique of topic modelling (TM) by using the discourse-historical approach (DHA——Wodak, 2001) in order to analyse the mechanisms underlying discursive practices in historical newspapers. Specifically, we investigate public discourses produced by Italian minorities and test the methodology on a corpus of digitized Italian ethnic newspapers published in the USA between 1898 and 1920 (ChroniclItaly—Viola, 2018). This combined methodology, which we suggest to label ‘discourse-driven topic modelling’ (DDTM), enabled us to triangulate linguistic, social, and historical data and to examine how the changing experience of migration, identity construction, and assimilation was reflected over time in the accounts of the minorities themselves. The results proved DDTM to be effective in obtaining a categorization of the topics discussed in the immigrant press. The changing distribution of topics over time revealed how the Italian immigrant community negotiated their sense of connectedness with both the host country and the homeland. At the same time, without jeopardizing the analytical depth of the findings, the method proved its value of minimizing the risk of biases when identifying the topics which stemmed from the results rather than from preconceived assumptions.

scholarly journals Physiological monitoring in the complex multimorbid heart failure patient - Conclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_M) ◽  
pp. M68-M71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Böhm ◽  
Andrew J S Coats ◽  
Ingrid Kindermann ◽  
Ilaria Spoletini ◽  
Giuseppe Rosano
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Failure Patient ◽  
European Society ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Supplement Issue ◽  
Physiological Monitoring ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Key Points ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Comorbidities are increasingly recognized as crucial components of the heart failure syndrome. Main specific challenges are polypharmacy, poor adherence to treatments, psychological aspects, and the need of monitoring after discharge. The chronic multimorbid patient therefore represents a specific heart failure phenotype that needs an appropriate and continuous management over time. This supplement issue covers the key points of a series of meeting coordinated by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), that have discussed the issues surrounding the effective monitoring of our ever more complex and multimorbid heart failure patients. Here, we present an overview of the complex issues from a healthcare delivery perspective.

scholarly journals A Text Mining Based Map of Engineering Design: Topics and their Trajectories Over Time

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2765-2774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Chiarello ◽  
Nicola Melluso ◽  
Andrea Bonaccorsi ◽  
Gualtiero Fantoni
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Specific Topic ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
New Research ◽  
Large Corpus ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe Engineering Design field is growing fast and so is growing the number of sub-fields that are bringing value to researchers that are working in this context. From psychology to neurosciences, from mathematics to machine learning, everyday scholars and practitioners produce new knowledge of potential interest for designers.This leads to complications in the researchers’ aims who want to quickly and easily find literature on a specific topic among a large number of scientific publications or want to effectively position a new research.In the present paper, we address this problem by using state of the art text mining techniques on a large corpus of Engineering Design related documents. In particular, a topic modelling technique is applied to all the papers published in the ICED proceedings from 2003 to 2017 (3,129 documents) in order to find the main subtopics of Engineering Design. Finally, we analyzed the trends of these topics over time, to give a bird-eye view of how the Engineering Design field is evolving.The results offer a clear and bottom-up picture of what Engineering design is and how the interest of researchers in different topics has changed over time.

The Antecedents of Deinstitutionalization

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Organizational Activity ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Cultural Persistence ◽  
Over Time

Deinstitutionalization refers here to the erosion or discontinuity of an institution alized organizational activity or practice. This paper identifies a set of organiza tional and environmental factors that are hypothesized to determine the likelihood that institutionalized organizational behaviours will be vulnerable to erosion or rejection over time. Contrary to the emphasis in institutional theory on the cultural persistence and endurance of institutionalized organizational behaviours, it is suggested that, under a variety of conditions, these behaviours will be highly susceptible to dissipation, rejection or replacement.

scholarly journals The Many Ways to Talk about the Transits of Venus: Astronomical Discourses in Philosophical Transactions, 1753–1777

2020 ◽  
pp. 237-257
Author(s):  
Reetta Sippola
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
The Many ◽  
Causal Theories ◽  
Over Time

This chapter uses topic modelling to explore the evolution of the scientific discourse in the scientific journal Philosophical Transactions in the mid-18th century. Combining cultural historical close reading and statistical topic modelling, the study demonstrates the value of combining ‘new’ and more traditional historical research methods. The study shows that there were at least nine ways of talking about astronomical observations around the two transits of Venus, in 1761 and 1768, and in this reveal several previously neglected themes and unnoticed temporal discourse changes. One notable theme when talking about experiments was the continuity regarding concern for exactness and reliability of the collected knowledge, while others indicate a significant use of algebra to explain astronomical events and that the amount of causal theories has weakened over time. The study furthermore documents a connection between politeness and strategic attention seeking using the transits of Venus. Finally, the results reveal significant astronomical conversations related to terrestrial weather, and the circumstances and equipment of experimenting and observing.

Understanding practice variation with a clinical pathways system: Differences by physician and practice factors, and changes in practice over time.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2079-2079
Author(s):  
Emily Foster ◽  
Sherri Oliver Stuver ◽  
Carole Kathleen Tremonti ◽  
Craig A. Bunnell ◽  
Joanna M. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Pathways ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Practice Variation ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
First 90 Days ◽  
Over Time

2079 Background: Clinical oncology pathways aim to support clinical decision-making and reduce unwarranted practice variation across an enterprise. The Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) implemented web-based oncology pathways with DFCI-customized content in each disease center and at each of its satellites. Our pre-specified aim was an on-pathway rate of 70-85%. Methods: Treatment decisions were electronically captured as on- or off- pathway. Monthly metrics about usage and on-pathway rate were shared with users on a monthly basis. Physicians were categorized into quintiles based on the calculated on-pathway performance during the first 90 days of each individual’s use of the platform. On-pathway rates were then calculated for days 91-360 to study changes in behavior over time. Physician and practice factors were examined to determine any differences by initial on-pathway quintile classification. Results: 122 physicians were eligible for inclusion in this analysis (minimum 5 navigations in each study period). On-pathway rates showed significant variability in the initial 90-day period: quintile 1 median 100%, quintiles 2-4 80.2%, and quintile 5 50% (Table). In the follow-up period, median on-pathway rates shifted into the pre-specified goal range for all groups. Physicians in quintiles 1 or 5 of initial on-pathway rate were more likely to have fewer total navigations than were physicians in quintiles 2-4 (p=0.003). While no other physician or practice characteristic differed significantly by on-pathway rate group, physicians in the first or last quintile were more likely to be in an academic setting, have a PhD, or navigate fewer pathways. Conclusions: Over time, the deployment of a web-based clinical pathways program resulted in greater uniformity in physician practice, based on on-pathway rate. Familiarity with the pathways platform and its navigation, monthly feedback about usage, and evolution of content over time are some factors that might have played a role. [Table: see text]

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. xvi-6
Author(s):  
Paul T. Keyser
Keyword(s):  
Natural World ◽  
The World ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Over Time

There was science in antiquity. Science requires only that: the world we observe exists and is knowable; moreover, we can share knowledge about the world; and finally, there is a way that the world is, and it is both meaningful and possible to say that some models of the world, or reports about the world, better represent that way than do others. It is no more anachronistic to employ our term “science” than other modern terms (“book,” “city,” “food,” “school”) for a corresponding ancient category or practice. This volume includes what was validly science for ancient practitioners and theorists: attempts to understand how the natural world worked and to construct models to convey those understandings. Those who accept as scientific a geocentric cosmos populated by living beings constituted of humors must likewise accept stellar influences and material transmutation. This volume humbly takes the ancient ideas for what they are and studies them as a system that changed and grew over time.

scholarly journals Topics of interest to the MSOR community: evidence from the first 20 years of MSOR Connections

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rowlett ◽  
Alexander S Corner
Keyword(s):  
Staff Development ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Previous Issue ◽  
University Transition ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Sudden Rise ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Remote Learning

Topic modelling, an automated literature review technique, is used to generate a list of topics from the text of all articles published in previous issues of MSOR Connections. There are many topics of consistent popularity, including assessment, employability, school-university transition and the teaching of specific subjects and skills with the mathematics, statistics and operational research disciplines. We identify some topics that have waned in popularity, especially following the demise of the MSOR Network, including organised book and software reviews, conference and workshop announcements and reports, and articles focused on staff development. In its present form as a fully peer-reviewed practitioner journal, there appears to be a shift in focus from personal reflection to evidence-based research. There is a high focus on innovative practice using technology in the publication, though with less focus on specific software over time. Similarly, more nuance appears to be entering the discourse over maths support and e-assessment as these topics mature. We note a rise over time in student-centred approaches and a sudden rise in the previous issue of digital and remote learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We speculate about future trends that may emerge, including an increased focus on digital and remote learning and an increase in content on equity, equality, diversity and inclusion.

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