Commentary: Three-Dimensional Printed Aortic Templates for Physician-Modified Stent-Grafts: Another Boost to the Quality of These Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-395
Author(s):  
Pawel Rynio
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stent Grafts

Scanning Electron Microscopy in Hybrid Microelectronics

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
S. Khadpe ◽  
R. Faryniak
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Circuit Components ◽  
Hybrid Microcircuit ◽  
Electrical Connections ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is an important tool in Thick Film Hybrid Microcircuits Manufacturing because of its large depth of focus and three dimensional capability. This paper discusses some of the important areas in which the SEM is used to monitor process control and component failure modes during the various stages of manufacture of a typical hybrid microcircuit.Figure 1 shows a thick film hybrid microcircuit used in a Motorola Paging Receiver. The circuit consists of thick film resistors and conductors screened and fired on a ceramic (aluminum oxide) substrate. Two integrated circuit dice are bonded to the conductors by means of conductive epoxy and electrical connections from each integrated circuit to the substrate are made by ultrasonically bonding 1 mil aluminum wires from the die pads to appropriate conductor pads on the substrate. In addition to the integrated circuits and the resistors, the circuit includes seven chip capacitors soldered onto the substrate. Some of the important considerations involved in the selection and reliability aspects of the hybrid circuit components are: (a) the quality of the substrate; (b) the surface structure of the thick film conductors; (c) the metallization characteristics of the integrated circuit; and (d) the quality of the wire bond interconnections.

Semi-automated methods for 3-D reconstruction of macromolecular complexes

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
B. Carragher ◽  
M. Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Macromolecular Complexes ◽  
Symmetry Properties ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Experienced Operator ◽  
Projection Images ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Natural Symmetry

Techniques for three-dimensional reconstruction of macromolecular complexes from electron micrographs have been successfully used for many years. These include methods which take advantage of the natural symmetry properties of the structure (for example helical or icosahedral) as well as those that use single axis or other tilting geometries to reconstruct from a set of projection images. These techniques have traditionally relied on a very experienced operator to manually perform the often numerous and time consuming steps required to obtain the final reconstruction. While the guidance and oversight of an experienced and critical operator will always be an essential component of these techniques, recent advances in computer technology, microprocessor controlled microscopes and the availability of high quality CCD cameras have provided the means to automate many of the individual steps.During the acquisition of data automation provides benefits not only in terms of convenience and time saving but also in circumstances where manual procedures limit the quality of the final reconstruction.

Towards Predicting Relative Belt Edge Endurance With the Finite Element Method

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. De Eskinazi ◽  
K. Ishihara ◽  
H. Volk ◽  
T. C. Warholic
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Shear Deformations ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Element Method

Abstract The paper describes the intention of the authors to determine whether it is possible to predict relative belt edge endurance for radial passenger car tires using the finite element method. Three groups of tires with different belt edge configurations were tested on a fleet test in an attempt to validate predictions from the finite element results. A two-dimensional, axisymmetric finite element analysis was first used to determine if the results from such an analysis, with emphasis on the shear deformations between the belts, could be used to predict a relative ranking for belt edge endurance. It is shown that such an analysis can lead to erroneous conclusions. A three-dimensional analysis in which tires are modeled under free rotation and static vertical loading was performed next. This approach resulted in an improvement in the quality of the correlations. The differences in the predicted values of various stress analysis parameters for the three belt edge configurations are studied and their implication on predicting belt edge endurance is discussed.

Effect of post‐processing treatments on the quality of three‐dimensional printed rice starch constructs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Theagarajan ◽  
Shubham Nimbkar ◽  
Jeyan Arthur Moses ◽  
Chinnaswamy Anandharamakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Post Processing

Research on the Reliability of Box for Gear Test Bed

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 1744-1748
Author(s):  
Xiang Yang Jin ◽  
Tie Feng Zhang ◽  
Li Li Zhao ◽  
He Teng Wang ◽  
Xiang Yi Guan
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Kinematics Simulation ◽  
Beveloid Gears ◽  
Overall Performance

To determine the efficiency, load-bearing capacity and fatigue life of beveloid gears with intersecting axes, we design a mechanical gear test bed with closed power flow. To test the quality of its structure and predict its overall performance, we establish a three-dimensional solid model for various components based on the design parameters and adopt the technology of virtual prototyping simulation to conduct kinematics simulation on it. Then observe and verify the interactive kinematic situation of each component. Moreover, the finite element method is also utilized to carry out structural mechanics and dynamics analysis on some key components. The results indicate that the test bed can achieve the desired functionality, and the static and dynamic performance of some key components can also satisfy us.

Study on the Surface Quality of Al2O3 Nano-Films by Ion Beam Sputtering Deposition

2011 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Xiao Ping Lin ◽  
Yun Dong ◽  
Lian Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ion Beam Sputtering ◽  
Sputtering Deposition ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Beam Sputtering ◽  
Dimensional Growth ◽  
Different Thickness

The Al2O3 nano-films of different thicknesses (1~100nm) were successfully deposited on the monocrystalline Si surface by using ion beam sputtering deposition. The surface topography and the component of nano-films with different thickness were analyzed. The quality of the surface of nano-films was systematically studied. When the films’ thickness increase, the studies by atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectrum（XPS） show that the gathering grain continually grows up and transits from acerose cellula by two-dimensional growth to globularity by three-dimensional growth. The elements O, Al and Si were found on the surface of Al2O3 nano-films. With the thickness of the films increasing, the content of Al gradually increases and the intensity peak of Si wears off, the surface quality of the deposited films is ceaselessly improved

Simulation Analysis of Pneumatic on-off Pressure Mechanism on Printing Press

2010 ◽  
Vol 154-155 ◽  
pp. 1481-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhong Guo ◽  
Jun Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Printing Press ◽  
Work Demand ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Adams Software ◽  
Important Basis

The on-off pressure mechanism has an important function to the printing press, the quality of which concerns the working performance of the printing machine and the quality of printed products directly. In this paper, the pneumatic on-off pressure mechanism is discussed; the work demand of order on-off pressure is analyzed. In addition, the three-dimensional digital model and the kinematic analysis process can be achieved on the basis of ADAMS software. What’s more, the on pressure value in the process of on pressure is derived from the kinematic analysis. Lastly, the relation between the motion of on-off pressure mechanism and cylinder’s angular displacement is analyzed, an important basis to the on-off pressure mechanism’s optimal design will be provided.

Runner Balance Design of Soap Box Compounding Cavity Based on Moldflow

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1678-1681
Author(s):  
Hong Bing Wang ◽  
Zhi Rong Li ◽  
Chun Hua Sun ◽  
Yi Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Injection Mold ◽  
Balance Design ◽  
Filling Time ◽  
Critical Defect ◽  
Filling Analysis ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Moldflow Simulation

Filling unbalance is a critical defect for injection mould. When the upper and lower covers of soap plastic box are produced by injection mold at the same time, filling unbalance in injection would appear because of the different dimensions of the two parts. For advancing the quality of the soap plastic box, the runner system is optimized with the filling analysis module and flow runner balance module of moldflow simulation software. The three-dimensional geometrical models of the two covers are constructed using Pro/e software. In moldflow the runner balance optimization of the soap box compounding cavity is analysis. The results indicate the optimized cross section of the runners can reduce the flow unbalance ratio from 3.38% to 0.73%, and the filling time and pressure can satisfy the demands. According to the analysis results moldflow is appropriate for runner balance design of the plastic products.

Development of a three-dimensional color rendition space for tunable solid-state light sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (29) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Dorukalp Durmus
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Color Discrimination ◽  
Continuous Measure ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Single Number

The quality of building electric lighting systems can be assessed using color rendition metrics. However, color rendition metrics are limited in quantifying tunable solid-state light sources, since tunable lighting systems can generate a vast number of different white light spectra, providing flexibility in terms of color quality and energy efficiency. Previous research suggests that color rendition is multi-dimensional in nature, and it cannot be simplified to a single number. Color shifts under a test light source in comparison to a reference illuminant, changes in color gamut, and color discrimination are important dimensions of the quality of electric light sources, which are not captured by a single-numbered metric. To address the challenges in color rendition characterization of modern solid-state light sources, the development of a multi-dimensional color rendition space is proposed. The proposed continuous measure can quantify the change in color rendition ability of tunable solid-state light devices with caveats. Future work, discretization of the continuous color rendition space, will be carried out to address the shortcomings of a continuous three-dimensional space.

INFRA-OBTURATOR TENSION SLING FOR URINARY INCONTINENCE TREATMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950001
Author(s):  
YEONGJIN KIM ◽  
YOUNGJIN NA ◽  
SOOBYEONG KIM ◽  
JEONGYOON YI ◽  
BUMMO AHN
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Pubourethral Ligament ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Rotatory Motion

Stress incontinence occurs due to the inability to control an urge to urinate, which affects the quality of daily life. Although there is an existing therapeutics with polymer mesh tape, it is hard to fix around the urethra to restore the function of the pubourethral ligament. Therefore, in this research, an infra-obturator tension (IOT) sling was introduced to minimize the mobility of the bladder and urethra against intra-abdominal pressure. To verify the IOT performance, two different hypotheses were formulated: The hardness and volume of the IOT support the urethra and help prevent it from deforming by intra-abdominal pressure. The rotatory motion of the IOT can bend the urethra at the contact point and help restore the function of pubourethral ligament to increase vaginal tension. For the first hypothesis, a finite element simulation was conducted using three-dimensional geometrical model obtained by the computed tomography images of patients. For the second hypothesis, surgeons performed an IOT insertion operation and analyzed the sling rotation from the patients’ CT images (mean: 21∘). From the results, the mobility of the urethra was decreased because of IOT insertion. The mobility was also decreased because of the subsequent fibrotic changes from the encapsulation of the IOT.

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