scholarly journals Effects of Conscious Control of Scapular Orientation in Oral Cancer Survivors With Scapular Dyskinesis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153473542110408
Author(s):  
Yueh-Hsia Chen ◽  
Cheng-Ya Huang ◽  
Wei-An Liang ◽  
Chi-Rung Lin ◽  
Yuan-Hung Chao
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesis ◽  
Nerve Dysfunction ◽  
Conscious Control

Objectives: Spinal accessory nerve dysfunction is one of the complications of neck dissection in patients with oral cancer. This study aimed to explore the effects of long-term scapular-focused exercises and conscious control of scapular orientation on scapular movement and quality of life (QoL). Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. Thirty-six patients with oral cancer were randomly allocated to the motor-control group (scapular-focused exercise + conscious control of scapular orientation) or the regular-exercise group (scapular-focused exercises only). Both groups received conventional physical therapy after neck dissection for 3 months. Shoulder pain intensity, active range of motion (AROM) of shoulder abduction, scapular muscle strength and activity under maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), scapular muscle activity when performing scapular movements, and QoL were measured at baseline, 1 month after the start of the intervention, and the end of the intervention. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in all outcomes except shoulder pain intensity. After the 3-month intervention, the motor-control group had more significant improvement in AROM of shoulder abduction with a 19° difference (95% CI: 10-29, P < .001), muscle strength of upper trapezius with an 11 N difference (95% CI: 2-20; P = .021), and QoL than the regular-exercise group. When performing shoulder horizontal adduction and flexion, the relative value (%MVIC) of serratus anterior was smaller in the motor-control group with a 106%MVIC difference (95% CI: 7-205, P = .037). Conclusions: Scapular-focused exercises have promising effects on spinal accessory nerve dysfunction. Combining scapular-focused exercises with conscious control of scapular orientation has more remarkable benefits on AROM of shoulder abduction, UT muscle strength, and muscle activation pattern than the scapular-focused exercises alone. Conscious control of scapular orientation should be considered to integrate into scapular-focused exercises in patients with oral cancer and scapular dyskinesis. Trial registry name and URL, and registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov ; Approval No: NCT03545100)

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Kuan-Yin Lin ◽  
Hui-Ching Cheng ◽  
Chia-Jui Yen ◽  
Ching-Hsia Hung ◽  
Yu-Ting Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Fitness And Health

Background: Cisplatin administration may induce muscle atrophy, thereby reducing the fitness level of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). To date, only animal studies have been conducted to test the effectiveness of exercise interventions in diminishing side effects of cisplatin. Aim: To determine whether exercise training improves physical fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients receiving chemotherapy for Head & Neck (H&N). Material and methods: This pilot-randomized controlled trial was conducted on 57 participants receiving chemotherapy for HNC. The participants were randomized into an exercise group and a control group. The exercise group received moderate-intensity combined aerobic, resistance and flexibility exercises three times a week for eight weeks during chemotherapy. The control group received no specific information regarding exercise. The outcome measures including body composition, muscle strength, balance, flexibility, cardiovascular fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed at baseline and eight weeks following baseline. Results: The body composition (body fat percentage, p = 0.002; skeletal muscle percentage, p = 0.008), dynamic balance (p = 0.01), muscle strength (upper extremity, p = 0.037; lower extremity, p = 0.025) and HRQoL (p = 0.001) showed a significant difference between the exercise group and the control group eight weeks following baseline. Significant deteriorations were noted in flexibility, muscle strength, cardiovascular fitness and several domains of HRQoL scale in the control group at eight weeks following baseline. Conclusions: This study found that a combined aerobic, resistance and flexibility exercise program during chemotherapy may improve physical fitness (i.e., muscle strength, balance, flexibility and body composition) and HRQoL and alleviate the deterioration of cardiovascular fitness in patients with HNC. Further research studies with large sample sizes are warranted to investigate the long-term effects of exercise in this population.

A Randomized Controlled Trial on Posture Improvement and Trunk Muscle Strength by Round Shoulder Posture Improvement Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Eunsang Lee ◽  
Won-je Choi ◽  
Dae-in Jung ◽  
Seungwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Back Muscle Strength ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
Trunk Muscle Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercise Period

The aim of this article was to examine investigates the effects of posture-improving exercises on round shoulder posture (RSP) and back muscle strength. 35 college students participated in this study and were measured for both shoulder height and muscle strength. After pretest, participants were divided into shoulder stabilization exercise group (SSEG, n1=12), antagonist strength exercise group (ASEG, n2=12), and control group (CG, n3=11). SSEG and ASEG exercised with a trainer 3 times a week for 30 minutes during 4 weeks. After completion of intervention, there was a significant difference in both shoulders and trunk muscle strength is significant difference for SSEG, ASEG and CG. This study has found that strengthening exercise is more effective in RSP reduction. However, it is the opinion of the researchers that the 4 week exercise period was not long enough to achieve significant results for other measurements. Further comparative studies related to the effects of strength exercises on RSP reduction, lung capacity, and trunk muscle strength is necessary.

How do resistance training and balance and motor control training affect gait performance and fatigue impact in people with multiple sclerosis? A randomized controlled multi-center study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1420-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Callesen ◽  
Davide Cattaneo ◽  
John Brincks ◽  
Marie-Louise Kjeldgaard Jørgensen ◽  
Ulrik Dalgas
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Gait Function

Background: Despite a shared purpose of improving functional capacity, the principles of progressive resistance training (PRT) and balance and motor control training (BMCT) are fundamentally different. Objectives: To investigate the effects of PRT and BMCT on gait performance and fatigue impact in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods: A multi-center, single-blinded, cluster-randomized controlled trial with two intervention groups (PRT and BMCT) and a control group (CON). The interventions lasted 10 weeks. A total of 71 participants with impaired mobility (Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW) > 5 seconds or Six Spot Step Test (SSST) > 8 seconds) were enrolled. Primary outcomes were the T25FW and the SSST. Fatigue impact, self-perceived gait function, 6-minute walk, balance, and muscle strength were secondary outcomes. Results: In total, 83% completed the study. The primary comparisons showed that BMCT, but not PRT, improved T25FW, SSST, and self-perceived gait function when compared to CON. Secondary comparisons showed that BMCT improved SSST more than PRT, while T25FW did not differ. Both BMCT and PRT reduced the fatigue impact. Finally, the effect of BMCT was superior to PRT on dynamic balance, while PRT was superior to BMCT on knee extensor muscle strength. Conclusion: BMCT, but not PRT, was superior to CON in improving gait performance, while both BMCT and PRT reduced fatigue.

Effects of Calisthenics and Pilates Exercises on Coordination and Proprioception in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya Ozer Kaya ◽  
Irem Duzgun ◽  
Gul Baltaci ◽  
Selma Karacan ◽  
Filiz Colakoglu
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Closed Kinetic Chain

Objective:To assess and compare the effects of 6 mo of Pilates and calisthenics on multijoint coordination and proprioception of the lower limbs at the 3rd and 6th mo of training.Design:Randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, repeated-measures.Setting:University research laboratory.Participants and Intervention:Healthy, sedentary, female participants age 25–50 y were recruited and randomly divided into 3 groups: a calisthenic exercise group (n = 34, mean age ± SD 40 ± 8 y, body-mass index [BMI] 31.04 ± 4.83 kg/m2), a Pilates exercise group (n = 32, mean age ± SD 37 ± 8 y, BMI 31.04 ± 4.83 kg/m2), and a control group (n = 41, mean age ± SD 41 ± 7 y, BMI 27.09 ± 4.77 kg/m2). The calisthenics and Pilates groups underwent related training programs for 6 mo, while the controls had no specific training.Main Outcome Measures:Coordination and proprioception of the lower extremities with concentric and eccentric performances in the closed kinetic chain assessed with the monitored rehab functional squat system at baseline and at the 3rd and 6th mo of training.Results:For the within-group comparison, coordinative concentric and eccentric deviation values were significantly decreased for both dominant and nondominant lower limbs at pretraining and at the 3rd and 6th mo posttraining in the calisthenics group (P < .05). In contrast, there was no improvement in the Pilates group throughout the training. However, for comparisons between groups, the baseline values of coordinative concentric and eccentric deviations were different in the calisthenics group than in Pilates and the controls (P < .05). There were no differences in the proprioception values of either visible or nonvisible movement in any group throughout the training (P > .05).Conclusions:It seems that calisthenic exercises are more likely to improve coordination of the lower extremity after 3 and 6 mo of training than Pilates exercises. Calisthenic exercises may be useful for individuals who require improved coordination.

Comparison of kinesio taping and cold therapy in patients with total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110491
Author(s):  
Ertugrul Yuksel ◽  
Bayram Unver ◽  
Vasfi Karatosun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Level ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Cold Therapy

Objective To investigate the effects of kinesio taping and cold therapy on pain, edema, range of motion, muscle strength, functional level and quality of life in patients with total knee arthroplasty. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting A university hospital. Subjects One-hundred patients were included. Intervention Patients were allocated into three groups; control group, kinesio group and cold therapy group. The control group received a standard rehabilitation program. Kinesio taping group received two fan-shaped kinesio taping bands and cold therapy group received cold packs in addition to the standard rehabilitation program. Main measures The outcome measures were pain, edema, range of motion, muscle strength, functional level and quality of life. Participants were assessed at preoperative, discharge and postoperative third month. Results The groups were similar at preoperative. A significant difference was determined in terms of pain in kinesio taping group compared to the control group at the discharge. Cold therapy was efficient in reducing postoperative swelling but kinesio taping had no significant effects on swelling control. There was no difference between the groups in terms of range of motion, muscle strength, functional level and quality of life. The groups were similar in all parameters at the postoperative third month measurements. Conclusion Fan-shaped kinesio taping is an effective technique in terms of postoperative pain relief. Cold therapy is an effective method in terms of edema control. Kinesio taping and cold therapy has no specific beneficial effect on functional level, muscle strength and quality of life compared to control group.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES IN EX-CRACK COCAINE USERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
Jéssica Abatti Martins ◽  
Ana Maria Volpato ◽  
Vanise dos Santos Ferreira Viero ◽  
Antonio Jose Grande ◽  
Leonardo Roever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cocaine Users ◽  
Total Body

ABSTRACT Introduction: Worldwide cocaine use in all its various forms is increasing; cocaine users exceeded 17 million in the world. In Brazil, this data is also alarming. A survey conducted in 2010 found that the country has more than 900,000 crack-cocaine users. Objective: To evaluate the effects of exercise on anthropometric variables and components of physical fitness in ex-crack cocaine users. Methods: Randomized controlled trial with 20 men, divided into exercise group (n=10) and control group (n=10), admitted to a detoxification center. We assessed the physical fitness components related to health (cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, muscular strength/endurance, and body composition) before and after the physical training program. Results: The exercise contributed to the maintenance of anthropometric variables, while the control group had an increased in total body fat and visceral fat. Regarding physical fitness, resistance training led to the increase of most variables studied, particularly strength and cardiorespiratory capacity. On the other hand, the VO2max and the strength of the sedentary subjects were reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: The exercise showed beneficial effects on the components of physical fitness and maintenance of body composition.

scholarly journals Comparative Effectiveness of Ultrasound-Guided Intratendinous Prolotherapy Injection with Conventional Treatment to Treat Focal Supraspinatus Tendinosis

Scientifica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John George ◽  
Shyan Ch’ng Li ◽  
Zulkarnain Jaafar ◽  
Mohamad Shariff A. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Regional Area ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Conventional Physiotherapy ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy injection for focal supraspinatus rotator cuff tendinosis via outcomes such as functional score, range of movement, and real-time ultrasound parameters. Materials and Methods. 12 adult patients with focal supraspinatus tendinosis recruited after they had less than 30% improvement in functional (DASH) scores after one month of physiotherapy following initial presentation. Seven patients had 0.5–1.0 ml of prolotherapy injection (12.5% dextrose, 0.5% lignocaine) injected into the area of focal tendinosis under ultrasound guidance. Meanwhile, five patients continued standard physiotherapy with no intervention performed. Regional area of echogenicity in decibels, DASH, range of movements of the shoulder, pain, and sleep scores were measured at baseline and at 12 weeks. Results. The prolotherapy group showed significant improvement in shoulder abduction (p=0.030) and an improvement in sleep score (p=0.027). The echogenicity of area of tendinosis significantly increases at the end of treatment (p=0.009). However, there was a nonsignificant reduction in pain score in the injection group (43.5%) and in the control group (25%) at 12 weeks (p>0.005). Conclusion. Ultrasound-guided intratendinous prolotherapy injection significantly improves patient’s range of abduction and improves sleep within 12 weeks of treatment compared to conventional physiotherapy management. Trial Registration. This study was registered under Current Controlled Trials (UK) and given International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) of 43520960.

Effect of 3-Month Lysine Supplementation on Growth and Muscle Function Parameters in Pre-pubertal Indian Girls

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Sejil T. Verghese ◽  
Maria Pauline ◽  
Arun Das ◽  
Anura V. Kurpad
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Height Gain ◽  
Hand Dynamometer

Lysine is the limiting amino acid in the predominantly cereal and legume based typical Indian diet and its supplementation has been shown to positively affect muscle strength in short term adult and animal models; but similar studies are lacking in children. This study looked at the effect of a 3-month lysine and iron intervention on muscle strength and growth parameters in prepubertal Indian girls. The study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in 40 normal Indian girls in the 9-10 yrs age group. The control group received only iron (6.25mg) supplementation, while the intervention group received both iron and lysine supplementation that increased the lysine intake to 50mg/kg/day. Muscle strength was estimated in both upper limbs with a hand dynamometer and muscle endurance was estimated in the non-dominant hand. Height and weight were recorded to assess growth. A significant difference was seen in the increase in the non-dominant hand grip strength between the groups (intervention: 1.4 vs control: 0.2 kg, p=0.042) at the end of the study. There was a trend of increased height gain (about 25%) and weight gain (about 50%) in the intervention group compared to control group. Lysine supplementation for 3 months increased non-dominant forearm muscle strength in Indian children.

Physical Exercise as Prophylaxis against Involutional Vertebral Bone Loss: A Controlled Trial

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn Krølner ◽  
Birte Toft ◽  
Stig Pors Nielsen ◽  
Erik Tøndevold
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Women

1. The skeletal effects of physical training were studied in a controlled trial involving 31 healthy women (aged 50–73 years) with previous Colles' fracture of the forearm. The bone mineral content of the lumbar spine and both distal forearms was measured by dual-photon (153Gd) absorptiometry. 2. The participants were allocated to either a physical exercise group or a control group. The former group followed a standardized exercise programme, exercising for 1 h twice weekly during 8 months. 3. Twenty-seven women completed the study. Lumbar spine bone mineral content of the exercise group increased by 3.5%, whereas that of the control group decreased by 2.7%. The rate of bone loss in the control group equalled that of age-matched normal women. 4. The changes in forearm bone mineral content appeared to be independent of the exercise. The bone mineral content of the previously fractured forearm remained nearly unchanged. The bone mineral content of the uninjured forearm decreased on average by 3.5%. 5. The data suggest that physical exercise can inhibit or reverse the involutional bone loss from the lumbar vertebrae in normal women. Physical exercise may prevent spinal osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Effect of 4 Weeks of Anti-Gravity Treadmill Training on Isokinetic Muscle Strength and Muscle Activity in Adults Patients with a Femoral Fracture: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8572
Author(s):  
Pyeongon Kim ◽  
Haneul Lee ◽  
Wonho Choi ◽  
Sangmi Jung
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Isokinetic Muscle Strength ◽  
Gluteus Muscle ◽  
Before And After

This study aimed to identify the effect of anti-gravity treadmill training on isokinetic lower-limb muscle strength and muscle activities in patients surgically treated for a hip fracture. A total of 34 participants were randomly assigned into two groups: anti-gravity treadmill training group (n = 17) and control group (n = 17). The isokinetic muscle strength and endurance of hip flexor and extensor and the activities of the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), gluteus maximus (GM), and gluteus medialis (Gm) muscles were measured before and after 4 weeks of the interventions. Significant improvements were observed in isokinetic muscle strength and endurance of hip flexors and extensors in both groups (p < 0.05); however, no significant differences were observed between the groups (p > 0.05) except for muscle strength of the hip extensor (d = 0.78, p = 0029). Statistically significant increases in the muscle activity of VL, VM, GM, and Gm were found before and after the intervention (p < 0.05), and significant differences in muscle activities of GM (d = 2.64, p < 0.001) and Gm (d = 2.59, p < 0.001) were observed between the groups. Our results indicate that both groups showed improvement in muscle strength, endurance, and activities after the intervention. Additionally, anti-gravity treadmill training improved significantly more muscle strength at 60°/s of the hip extensor and gluteus muscle activities than conventional therapy, which may be appropriate for patients with hip fracture surgery.

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