Malevolent Forces

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Paul Wright ◽  
Mark Alden Morgan ◽  
Pedro R. Almeida ◽  
Nora F. Almosaed ◽  
Sameera S. Moghrabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Potent Predictor ◽  
Violent Delinquency ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Dark Core

The Dark Triad is represented by three interrelated personality characteristics thought to share a “dark core”—that is, to be associated with a range of negative outcomes. We investigate this link alongside another potent predictor of crime, low self-control. Our analyses found the Dark Triad was strongly predictive of delinquency, especially violent delinquency, where it accounted for the effects of self-control. Yet it exerted no significant effect on drug-based delinquency. However, an interaction between the Dark Triad and low self-control remained substantive and predictive across all models, where low self-control amplified the effects of the Dark Triad on delinquency.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

Child personality characteristics and selection into long-term unemployment in Finnish and Swedish longitudinal samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Kokko ◽  
Lars R. Bergman ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Behavioural Inhibition ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Duration Of Unemployment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Low Self Control

The main aim of the present study was to test a model of selection into long-term unemployment obtained for a sample of 36-year-old Finns (Kokko, Pulkkinen, & Puustinen, 2000) to see whether it similarly explained long-term unemployment among 26- to 27-year-old Finns and Swedes. The participants were drawn from two ongoing longitudinal studies: the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (conducted in Finland) and the Individual Development and Adaptation study (conducted in Sweden). At both ages, that is 36 and 26–27, low education was related to long-term unemployment, and explained by personality characteristics in middle childhood, such as low self-control of emotions or conduct problems, and behavioural inhibition or timidity. However, while low self-control of emotions additionally explained long-term unemployment among the 36-year-olds directly, in both the young samples personality characteristics showed only indirect effects through poor educational attainment. At age 26–27, childhood personality characteristics explained selection onto an educational track rather than selection into long-term unemployment, and length of education explained duration of unemployment.

scholarly journals Χαρακτηριστικά της προσωπικότητας της Ελληνίδας νηπιαγωγού βάσει του Ερωτηματολογίου των 16 Παραγόντων του Cattell

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Χριστίνα Ι. Ρούση - Βέργου ◽  
Μαρία Ζαφειροπούλου
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Nursery School ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Low Self Control

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the personality characteristics of Greek female nursery school teachers, as there are no relevent available data. A Greek standardized version of the 16 Personality Factors (16-PF) was used. Participants were 118 nursery teachers. Comparisons with the general population were conducted with onesampleT-test SPSS command. Results showed that our sample differed considerably along all the personality variables. Nursery school teachers appear to be people oriented, anxious, dependent and introvert individuals with low self-control and adjustment skills, and also poor leading abilities. Their personality profile is stress prone. Possible implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Personality Characteristics in the Mid-Forties Predict Women's Smoking Cessation in Their Mid-Sixties

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Brook ◽  
C. Zhang ◽  
E. B. Balka ◽  
N. Seltzer ◽  
D. W. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Low Self Control

This study examined whether personality characteristics measured when a woman is in her mid-40s can predict success in sustained smoking cessation 22 years later, when the woman is in her mid-60s. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted on data from a sample of 195 women ( M ages 43 and 65, respectively), who were regular smokers and participated in a longitudinal study from 1983 to 2009. The results suggest that women who exhibited low self-control, high resistance to rules, impulsivity, and sensation seeking in their mid-40s were significantly less likely to succeed in quitting smoking for a period of 5 years or more by the time they reached their mid-60s. Addressing some personal characteristics in smoking cessation programs might enhance their effectiveness and success.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Intensity of Traits Limiting the Professional and Psychological Fitness of Internal Affairs Officers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
N.A. Goncharova ◽  
A.A. Kalashnik ◽  
V.L. Sitnikov
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Prognosis Factors ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Low Self Control

The article discusses the results of a comparative study of intensity of personality traits that limit the professional and psychological fitness of internal affairs officers and determine the prognosis factors for one's individual development in this field. Within the scope of the study we compared the applicants' parameters of motivational profile, emotional and volitional self-control, personality characteristics as well as their mental faculties. As a result, certain reliably significant traits have been found which limit one's possibilities for effective professional performance. The results obtained in the comparative and factor analysis made it possible to establish a combination of determining factors that limit one's professional and psychological fitness. A factor structure of limiting traits has been revealed, making up more than 60 per cent of total variance. It is represented by low self-control, poor mental faculties, addictive behavior, poorly developed feeling of justice, passive personality orientation, anxiety-depressive disorders and social immaturity of personality.

Involvement in Crime and Delinquency and the Development of Technological and Computer Skills: A Longitudinal Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110491
Author(s):  
Dzhansarayeva Rima ◽  
Saltanat Atakhanova ◽  
Gulzhan Mukhamadieva ◽  
Yergali Adlet ◽  
Kevin M. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Crime And Delinquency ◽  
Violent Delinquency ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Delinquent Peers ◽  
Do So

A body of research has revealed that involvement in crime and delinquency is associated with a wide number of social, economic, and health consequences. The current study built off this knowledge base and examined whether measures of adolescent violent delinquency and contact with the criminal justice system were related to the access of basic, and experience with, technology, and computers. To do so, longitudinal data drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were analyzed. The results revealed that self-reported violent delinquency in adolescence was associated with a decreased probability of owning a computer and having an email account 10 to 12 years into the future. Additionally, measures of contact with the criminal justice system, low self-control, delinquent peers, and governmental public assistance were also associated with the probability of owning a computer and having an email account.

scholarly journals Personality characteristics of patients with fibro-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. V Gurova ◽  
T. Yu Udalova ◽  
A. V Mordyk ◽  
Natalia V. Bagisheva ◽  
S. A Rudenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Self Control

There is represented to be relevant to clarify what personal characteristics contribute to the formation of fibro-cavernous tuberculosis, to prevent its formation in the course of treatment. The aim is to identify the personal features ofpatients with fibro-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis to develop psychological support in the subsequent treatment of newly diagnosed patients, preventing the formation of chronic specific process. Material and methods. 96 patients participated in a study: 48 cases with fibro-cavernous tuberculosis and 48 healthy volunteers. To study the personality characteristics there was used «Combined Personality Inventory (CPI)» based on the Raymond Cattell’s 16 Personality Factors (adaptation by G.A. Leevik). Results. In comparison with the control group patients with fibro-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis had higher averages in scales A (reserved demeanor - openness), F (poverty - wealth of emotional reactions), Н (reservedness - activity in communication), L (credulity - suspicion), M (practical - dreamy style of thinking), N (easy - the sophistication of behavior), O (confidence - lack of confidence), Q1 (conservatism - the desire for new), Q2 (conformity - non-conforming), Q4 (relaxed - alertness), P (plasticity - rigidity) and Tr (anxiety). They have reduced the level of logical intelligence, they are both less balanced and easier to subjugate, not disciplined, have low self-control, low level of claims, a less favorable climate in the family, coupled with introversion. Conclusion. Thus, patients with fibro-cavernous tuberculosis are distinguished by reservedness in communications, reserved demeanor, suspicion, alertness, anxiety, lack of discipline, poor self-control. Creation of a special social and psychological support services for this group ofpatients can elevate the efficiency of the complex treatment and improve prognosis.

Ego Depletion

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Muraven ◽  
Jacek Buczny ◽  
Kyle F. Law
Keyword(s):  
Limited Resource ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Ego Strength ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Comprehensive Theory ◽  
Depletion Effect

Self-control all too often fails. Despite people’s best intentions and considerable negative outcomes, people often find themselves at the losing end of resisting temptation, combating urges, and changing their behavior. One reason for these failures may be that exerting self-control depletes a limited resource (ego depletion) that is necessary for the success of self-control. Hence, after exerting self-control, individuals are less able resist temptations, fight urges, or stop a behavior that results in a loss of self-control. This chapter reviews the evidence for this theory in a wide variety of domains and examines what behaviors appear to deplete ego strength and how depletion affects behavior. A comprehensive theory that examines how depletion operates is put forth and used to examine some factors that might moderate the depletion effect.

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