Investigating Delegation of Spacing Tasks from Air Traffic Controllers to Pilots. Impact on Controller Activity

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Laurence Rognin ◽  
Karim Zeghal ◽  
Isabelle Grimaud ◽  
Eric Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Eye Fixations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flight Deck ◽  
Initial Results

Controller-in-the-loop experiments were conducted in order to assess the impact on air traffic controller activity of the delegation of spacing task to the flight deck. Three experiments involving a total of 18 European controllers during 7 weeks took place over the past two years. In addition to standard data analysis, a geographical-based analysis was introduced. It consisted in analysing the distribution of manoeuvring instructions and eye fixations as a function of their distance to the sector exit. This analysis confirmed assumptions that delegation leads to anticipate the building of the sequences, and to relieve the controller of maintaining these sequences. Although these initial results suggest a positive impact on controller activity, they still need to be complemented, typically with contextual analysis of monitoring through microscopic analysis of eye fixations.

scholarly journals Determining Air Traffic Complexity – Challenges and Future Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-485
Author(s):  
Bruno Antulov-Fantulin ◽  
Biljana Juričić ◽  
Tomislav Radišić ◽  
Cem Çetek
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Static Images ◽  
Preliminary Communication ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Impact

Air traffic complexity is one of the main drivers of the air traffic controllers’ workload. With the forecasted increase of air traffic, the impact of complexity on the controllers' workload will be even more pronounced in the coming years. The existing models and methods for determining air traffic complexity have drawbacks and issues which are still an unsolved challenge. In this paper, an overview is given of the most relevant literature on air traffic complexity and improvements that can be done in this field. The existing issues have been tackled and new solutions have been given on how to improve the determination of air traffic complexity. A preliminary communication is given on the future development of a novel method for determining air traffic complexity with the aim of designing a new air traffic complexity model based on air traffic controller tasks. The novel method uses new solutions, such as air traffic controller tasks defined on pre-conflict resolution parameters, experiment design, static images of traffic situations and generic airspace to improve the existing air traffic complexity models.

scholarly journals How the Tower Air Traffic Controller Workload Influences the Capacity in a Complex Three-Runway Airport

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2807
Author(s):  
Paola Di Mascio ◽  
Riccardo Carrara ◽  
Luca Frasacco ◽  
Eleonora Luciano ◽  
Andrea Ponziani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Airport Capacity ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Human Component

Air traffic controllers aim to optimize airport capacity, that is to increase the number of aircraft movements per hour maintaining a limited delay. There are several definitions of capacity, which depend on the considered airport element. This study focused on the development of a method that allows evaluating the impact of tower air traffic controllers’ workload on airport capacity. It adapts a model for the workload of sector controllers designed by Eurocontrol to tower controllers and tests it on a heavily busy international airport. In order to collect controllers’ working times, a campaign of data collection has been carried out from the radio frequency occupation. The results allowed us to extrapolate the hourly percentage of work of the various tower controllers using a fast-time simulation software. By imposing an hourly working threshold on tower air traffic controllers, it was possible to obtain a maximum number of manageable aircraft, which was compared with the airside capacity of the airport. The results show that the maximum traffic manageable from the airside would produce unacceptable workload for tower controllers, highlighting the link between airport capacity and the human component.

Impact of UAS with Low Size, Weight, and Power Sensors on Air Traffic Controllers’ Performance and Acceptability Ratings

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Kim-Phuong L. Vu ◽  
Jonathan VanLuven ◽  
Timothy Diep ◽  
Vernol Battiste ◽  
Summer Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Traffic ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Sector Performance ◽  
The Impact

A human-in-the-loop simulation was conducted to evaluate the impact of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) with low size, weight, and power (SWaP) sensors operating in a busy, low-altitude sector. Use of low SWaP sensors allow for UAS to perform detect-and-avoid (DAA) maneuvers against non-transponding traffic in the sector. Depending upon the detection range of the low SWaP sensor, the UAS pilot may or may not have time to coordinate with air traffic controllers (ATCos) prior to performing the DAA maneuver. ATCo’s sector performance and subjective ratings of acceptability were obtained in four conditions that varied in UAS-ATCo coordination (all or none) prior to the DAA maneuver and workload (higher or lower). For performance, ATCos committed more losses of separation in high than low workload conditions. They also had to make more flight plan changes to manage the UAS when the UAS pilot did not coordinate DAA maneuvers compared to when they did coordinate the maneuvers prior to execution. Although the ATCos found the DAA procedures used by the UAS in the study to be acceptable, most preferred the UAS pilot to coordinate their DAA maneuvers with ATCos prior to executing them.

Differential Velocity and Time Prediction of Motion

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent A. Kimball ◽  
Mark A. Hofmann ◽  
Richard O. Nossaman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Effect ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Target Velocity ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Time Prediction ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Performance Accuracy

This investigation examined the effects of differential target velocity, horizontal or vertical plane conditions, and air traffic controller experience on the estimation accuracy of intersection time of two converging targets. Performance accuracy on this task was not significantly affected by horizontal or vertical conditions or by air traffic controllers' experience. However, accuracy in magnitude and direction varied significantly as a function of cursor speed, with slower speeds producing the poorer performance. A differential effect for various speed combinations was also noted. Estimation accuracy on the slowest cursor speed when paired with the two faster speeds was decreased while accuracy on the intermediate speed was degraded when combined with either slower or faster speeds. Estimations on the fastest speed were not affected by differential pairings.

Pengkajian Tingkat Kelelahan Petugas Air Traffic Controller (ATC) Dalam Meberikan Pelayanan Lalu Lintas PEnerbangan di Bandara Juanda Surabaya

WARTA ARDHIA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
Susanti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Know How ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Assessment Result

Assessment of Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) Fatigue Level in Providing flight Traffic services at Juanda International Airport Surabaya is to know how the description of Air traffic controller fatigue level in guiding services air traffic that impact on aviation safety. Assessment method used descriptive quantitative method by using Paired Sample T-Tesf method analysis, comparing the condition of fatigue before and after the ATC on duty, as well as exposure and detailed explanation based on the primary and secondary data compilation and the data have been processed. The assessment result shows that there are level of fatigue of Air Traffic Controller that significant, both of physical and psychological factors.

scholarly journals A multimodal and signals fusion approach for assessing the impact of stressful events on Air Traffic Controllers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Borghini ◽  
Gianluca Di Flumeri ◽  
Pietro Aricò ◽  
Nicolina Sciaraffa ◽  
Stefano Bonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Traffic ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fusion Approach

Reducing speed commands in interval management with speed planning

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (1272) ◽  
pp. 189-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Riedel ◽  
M. Takahashi ◽  
E. Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Flight Test ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Error Patterns ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Flight Deck

ABSTRACTFlight-deck Interval Management (FIM) is a modern airborne self-spacing technology that improves arrival route throughput and runway utilisation and increases hourly arrival capacity by up to four aircraft per hour and per runway, compared to conventional air traffic controller guided arrivals. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has been the leader in FIM research and formulated a logic that was put to an actual flight test in 2017. Despite the overall success of the project, operational deficiencies concerning the number of speed commands, which led to several recommendations for future research before operational implementation, were discovered. In this study, a new logic that implements a two-stage rule-based selection algorithm was developed to overcome those deficiencies. The proposed logic was compared to NASA’s logic on an arrival in Tokyo International Airport with multiple induced error patterns. The results indicate that the new logic significantly decreases the number of speed commands with only minor aggravations in spacing performance. The results that highlight the strengths and weaknesses of both concepts are discussed, and an outlook on and ideas for future research on FIM and the proposed logic are presented.

scholarly journals Impact of Job Stress on Job Satisfaction among Air Traffic Controllers of Civil Aviation Authority: An Empirical Study from Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of job stress on job satisfaction of employees and also to find out the drivers for the job stress, which contribute to create job stress which ultimately negatively affect job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – The study is mainly based on review of the existing literature and collection of data through an adopted questionnaire survey, conducted from the selected sample of Air Traffic Controllers of Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority. A total of 134 questionnaires were distributed among the sample which is selected using the technique of cluster sampling. 122 respondents returned the questionnaire, which are utilized for the analysis purpose. Findings – The results of the current study indicate that there is a negative relationship between job stress and job satisfaction. Those air traffic controllers who had high level of job stress had low job satisfaction. Research limitations – This research paper is based on a specific case of Air Traffic Controllers of Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority. So the results are applicable specifically to Air Traffic Controllers of Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority or other fields in the same industry. A quantitative methodology is used to investigate the problem. Future research can investigate the problem by using a mix of quantitative and qualitative research methodology. Practical implications – The practical implications of the paper include implementation of the results provided by researcher to decrease the employees’ level of stress and increase job satisfaction level. Originality/value – The study is conducted first time in the field specifically highlighting the stress issue. It can be a base for the future research in this area.   Keywords – Job Stress, Job Satisfaction, Air Traffic Controllers

Building a Modeling and Simulation Analysis Tool to Predict Air Traffic Controller Workload and Performance

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray A. Reaux ◽  
Elizabeth D. Murphy ◽  
Lisa J. Stewart ◽  
Janet L. Gresh ◽  
Karin Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
System Design ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Simulation Engine ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

To meet expected increases in domestic air traffic, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) will increase the level of automation in the domestic air traffic control (ATC) system. There is a need to assess the effects of the increased automation on controller workload and performance. Software-based engineering tools are needed to automate the analysis, allowing designers to identify potential problems early in the system design lifecycle. This paper describes one such tool, the Predictive Air Traffic Controller Analysis Model (PATCAM), a modeling and simulation analysis tool that uses a system operations concept and task attributes database, a controller activities model, a sector environment model and simulation engine, and a workload or performance model to predict the impact of system design changes on controller workload or performance.

scholarly journals Faktor Penyebab Kelelahan dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Personel Air Traffic Controller (ATC) di Bandar Udara “X”

WARTA ARDHIA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Susanti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Role Conflict ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Human Relationship ◽  
Air Traffic Controller ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers

Sebagai upaya dalam meningkatkan keselamatan penerbangan khususnya di bandar udara, maka perlu dilakukan kajian tentang fatigue dan Job Stress ATC yang memegang peranan penting dalam menjaga keselamatan khususnya penanganan terhadap pesawat. Maksud kajian adalah untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana peran kelelahan dan stres kerja ATC dapat diantisipasi untuk mencegah faktor human error. Tujuan kajian ini adalah memberikan bahan masukan kepada penyelenggara jasa angkutan udara dan instansi terkait untuk mencegah fatigue dan job stress dengan melakukan upaya-upaya yang maksimal. Hasil kajian ini mengindikasikan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi stres kerja, yang paling besar memberikan pengaruh adalah faktor beban kerja (workload) yang memberikan kontribusi sebesar 3.24, kemudian disusul oleh hubungan kerja (human relationship) sebesar 2.53, lingkungan kerja (working environment) sebesar 2.11 dan konfilk peran (role conflict) sebesar 2.12. [Air Traffic Controllers Fatigue and Job Stress at X Airport ] In the effort to improve aviation safety, particularly at the airports, it is necessary to conduct the research concerning on the fatigue and job stress of the Air Traffic Controller (ATC) whom have an important role in maintaining aviation safety particularly in the aircrafts control and guidance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fatigue and job stress of the ATC so that it can be anticipated to prevent the occurrence of any human errors. The aim of this study is to provide the recommendation for aviation service operator and other related stakeholders in order to reduce the fatigue and job stress. From the conclusion, it is indicated that several factors affect the fatigue and job stress in which the most important factors (in descending order) are the workload (score 3.24), human relationship (score 2.53), the working environment (score 2.11) and role conflict (score 2.12).

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