Assessing the Validity of SWAT as a Workload Measurement Instrument

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Mental Workload ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Implicit Assumption ◽  
Workload Measurement ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
High Level

The Subjective Workload Asssessment Technique (SWAT) carries with it the implicit assumption that people can accurately predict the amount of mental workload they would experience under various levels of three component dimensions. Research suggests that the perceptions of these dimensions may not be independent. This study was designed to measure the subjective interactions between the dimensions used in SKAT. Mental workload was generated using a text editing task in which the dimensions were manipulated independently. Results revealed significant positive correlations between the subjective levels of the three dimensions. That is, when a subject experienced a high level of one dimension, s/he also tended to rate the other two dimensions high. It may be unreasonable to assume that people can accurately predict the magnitude of these interactions when performing the ranking process which is used to derive the workload scale.

scholarly journals Assessing a Linear Nanosystem's Limiting Reliability from its Components

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
Fixed Moment ◽  
Nanosized Systems

Nanosystems are devices that are in the size range of a billionth of a meter (1 x 10-9) and therefore are built necessarily from individual atoms. The one-dimensional nanosystems or linear nanosystems cover all the nanosized systems which possess one dimension that exceeds the other two dimensions, i.e. extension over one dimension is predominant over the other two dimensions. Here only two of the dimensions have to be on the nanoscale (less than 100 nanometers). In this paper we consider the structural relationship between a linear nanosystem and its atoms acting as components of the nanosystem. Using such information, we then assess the nanosystem's limiting reliability which is, of course, probabilistic in nature. We consider the linear nanosystem at a fixed moment of time, say the present moment, and we assume that the present state of the linear nanosystem depends only on the present states of its atoms.

scholarly journals Averaging over Narain moduli space

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Maloney ◽  
Edward Witten
Keyword(s):  
Einstein Gravity ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Simons Theory ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dual Theory ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Chern Simons Theory

Abstract Recent developments involving JT gravity in two dimensions indicate that under some conditions, a gravitational path integral is dual to an average over an ensemble of boundary theories, rather than to a specific boundary theory. For an example in one dimension more, one would like to compare a random ensemble of two-dimensional CFT’s to Einstein gravity in three dimensions. But this is difficult. For a simpler problem, here we average over Narain’s family of two-dimensional CFT’s obtained by toroidal compactification. These theories are believed to be the most general ones with their central charges and abelian current algebra symmetries, so averaging over them means picking a random CFT with those properties. The average can be computed using the Siegel-Weil formula of number theory and has some properties suggestive of a bulk dual theory that would be an exotic theory of gravity in three dimensions. The bulk dual theory would be more like U(1)2D Chern-Simons theory than like Einstein gravity.

Asymptotic properties of the equilibrium probability of identity in a geographically structured population

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Asymptotic Properties ◽  
Higher Dimensions ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Order Zero ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Equilibrium Probability ◽  
Migration Law

Let I(x, u) be the probability that two genes found a vector distance x apart are the same type in an infinite-allele selectively-neutral migration model with mutation rate u. The creatures involved inhabit an infinite of colonies, are diploid and are held at N per colony. Set in one dimension and in higher dimensions, where σ2 is the covariance matrix of the migration law (which is assumed to have finite fifth moments). Then in one dimension, in two dimensions, and in three dimensions uniformly for Here C0 is a constant depending on the migration law, K0(y) is the Bessel function of the second kind of order zero, and are the eigenvalues of σ2. For symmetric nearest-neighbor migrations, in one dimension and log mi in two. For is known in one dimension and C0 does not appear. In two dimensions, These results extend and make more precise earlier work of Malécot, Weiss and Kimura and Nagylaki.

scholarly journals Esgotamento profissional e transtornos mentais comuns em enfermeiros oncológicos

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2442
Author(s):  
Patrícia Peres de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Gimenez Amaral ◽  
Lívia Silveira Silva ◽  
Deborah Franscielle da Fonseca ◽  
Edilene Aparecida Araújo da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Oncology Nursing ◽  
Occupational Burnout ◽  
Quantitative Correlational Study ◽  
High Level

RESUMOObjetivo: investigar a existência de Síndrome do Esgotamento Profissional e Transtornos Mentais Comuns em enfermeiros oncologistas. Método: estudo quantitativo, correlacional, com enfermeiros oncologistas. A coleta de dados utilizou um roteiro semiestruturado e o inventário de Burnout de Maslach e Jackson (Maslach Burnout Inventory-MBI). Resultados: participaram 29 enfermeiros oncologistas, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino, com média de idade 32,6 anos, e a prevalência de Transtornos Mentais Comuns foi de 27,6%. Houve a presença das três dimensões sugestivas de Burnout em 6,9% dos enfermeiros; outros 6,9% em duas dimensões, e 41,4% em, pelo menos, uma dimensão. As variáveis estresse e autoestima apresentaram correlação significativa. Dentre essas dimensões, houve a correlação estatisticamente significativa de uma delas e Transtornos Mentais Comuns. Conclusão: os enfermeiros oncologistas apresentaram alto nível em algumas das dimensões do Burnout. A contribuição deste estudo foi apontar que estes profissionais precisam de medidas de prevenção e resolução da Síndrome do Esgotamento Profissional para auxiliar no enfrentamento dos problemas cotidianos. Descritores: Esgotamento profissional; Transtornos Mentais; Enfermagem; Saúde do trabalhador; Enfermagem oncológica; Oncologia.ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the existence of Professional Exhaustion Syndrome and Common Mental Disorders in oncologist nurses. Method: a quantitative, correlational study with oncologist nurses. Data collection used a semi-structured script and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: 29 female oncologists participated, the majority being female, with a mean age of 32.6 years, and the prevalence of Common Mental Disorders was 27.6%. There were the three dimensions suggestive of Burnout in 6.9% of the nurses; another 6.9% in two dimensions, and 41.4% in at least one dimension. The variables stress and self-esteem showed a significant correlation. Among these dimensions, there was a statistically significant correlation between one of them and Common Mental Disorders. Conclusion: nurses oncologists presented high level in some of the dimensions of Burnout. The contribution of this study was to point out that these professionals need measures of prevention and resolution of the Professional Exhaustion Syndrome to assist in coping with daily problems.  Descriptors: Occupational Burnout; Mental Disorders; Nursing; Occupational Health; Oncology Nursing; Medical Oncology.RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar la existencia de Síndrome del Agotamiento Profesional y Trastornos Mentales Comunes en enfermeros oncólogos. Método: estudio cuantitativo, correlacional, con enfermeros oncólogos. La recolección de datos utilizó un itinerario semiestructurado y el inventario de Burnout de Maslach y Jackson (Maslach Burnout Inventory-MBI). Resultados: participaron 29 enfermeros oncólogos, siendo la mayoría del sexo femenino, con promedio de edad 32,6 años, y la prevalencia de Trastornos Mentales Comunes fue del 27,6%. Hubo la presencia de las tres dimensiones sugestivas de Burnout en el 6,9% de los enfermeros; otro 6,9% en dos dimensiones, y un 41,4% en al menos una dimensión. Las variables de estrés y autoestima presentaron una correlación significativa. De entre esas dimensiones, hubo la correlación estadísticamente significativa de una de ellas y trastornos mentales comunes. Conclusión: los enfermeros oncólogos presentaron alto nivel en algunas de las dimensiones del Burnout. La contribución de este estudio fue señalar que estos profesionales necesitan medidas de prevención y resolución del Síndrome del Agotamiento Profesional para auxiliar en el enfrentamiento de los problemas cotidianos. Descriptores: Agotamiento Profesional; Trastornos Mentales; Enfermería; Salud Laboral; Enfermería Oncológica; Oncología Médica.

Trust in E-Commerce

2008 ◽  
pp. 771-788
Author(s):  
Ye Diana Wang ◽  
Henry H. Emurian
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Social Cue ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The design of the interface for e-commerce transactions is one source of influence that can affect an online shopper’s trust in the merchant. This paper undertook a confirmatory factor analysis involving 14 trust-inducing interface design features that populated a conceptual framework proposed in our previous study. The factor analysis of self-reported ratings of the features, which were illustrated on a synthetic e-commerce interface by 181 survey respondents, revealed the following three underlying dimensions: (1) visual, (2) content, and (3) social-cue design dimensions. All 14 features were found to contribute to the composition of the three dimensions. The social-cue dimension was rated as less important than the other two dimensions, and shoppers who had been cheated by an online merchant showed lower overall trust ratings in comparison to the remaining shoppers. Qualitative reports by the survey respondents yielded additional insights about the importance of the interface. The results of this study may contribute to an appreciation of interface design features that may influence a user’s perception of the trustworthiness of an online merchant’s Web site.

Stereotyping Older Workers and Retirement: The Managers' Point of View

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kène Henkens
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Frequent Contact ◽  
Components Analysis

ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a study into stereotyping by managers of their older workers and the influence of these stereotypes on the inclination of managers to keep their older workers in employment. The data for the study were gathered among 796 managers. Through principal components analysis, 15 opinions about older workers were reduced to three dimensions of stereotypes. The first dimension deals with the productivity of older staff; the other two dimensions have to do with their reliability and their adaptability. These stereotypical ideas about older workers influence managers' attitudes toward the retirement of their employees. The analyses show that, besides organizational factors, psychological mechanisms also explain why people view older workers through stereotypes. Managers who are older and in more frequent contact with older employees tend to hold more positive views.

Progress in Mental Workload Measurement

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1121-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville Moray ◽  
Burhan Turksen ◽  
Paul Aidie ◽  
David Drascic ◽  
Paul Eisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Workload Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Spectrum

Two new techniques are described, one using subjective, the other physiological data for the measurement of workload in complex tasks. The subjective approach uses fuzzy measurement to analyse and predict the difficulty of combinations of skill based and rule based behaviour from the difficulty of skill based behaviour and rule based behaviour measured separately. The physiological technique offers an on-line real-time filter for measuring the Mulder signal at 0.1 Hz in the heart rate variability spectrum.

scholarly journals A REJECTION MECHANISM IN 2D BOUNDED CONFIDENCE PROVIDES MORE CONFORMITY

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 529-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HUET ◽  
G. DEFFUANT ◽  
W. JAGER
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Bounded Confidence ◽  
Rejection Mechanism ◽  
Model Apply

This paper explores the dynamics of attitude change in two dimensions resulting from social interaction. We add a rejection mechanism into the 2D bounded confidence (BC) model proposed by Deffuant et al. (2001). Individuals are characterized by two-dimensional continuous attitudes, each associated with an uncertainty u, supposed constant in this first study. Individuals interact through random pairs. If their attitudes are closer than u on both dimensions, or further than u on both dimensions, or closer than u on one dimension and not further than u + δ u on the other dimension, then the rules of the BC model apply. But if their attitudes are closer than u on one dimension and further than u + δ u on the other dimension, then the individuals are in a dissonant state. They tend to solve this problem by shifting away their close attitudes. The model shows metastable clusters, which maintain themselves through opposite influences of competitor clusters. Our analysis and first experiments support the hypothesis that, for a large range of uncertainty values, the number of clusters grows linearly with the inverse of the uncertainty, whereas this growth is quadratic in the BC model.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Organizational Justice in Sport Scale into Turkish Language: Validity and Reliability Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Ayfer Sayin ◽  
Mustafa Yaşar Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Justice ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Turkish Version ◽  
Fit Indexes ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
High Level

The present study aimed to provide a Turkish adaptation of the Organizational Justice in Sport Scale and perform reliability and validity studies. Answers provided by 260 participants who work as football, male basketball and female basketball coaches in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) were analysed using the original scale that comprised 17 items and three dimensions rated on a Likert-type 7-point scale. Subsequently, the opinions of 210 coaches were obtained. Confirmatory factor analysis conducted at the end of the study determined that the standardized regression coefficients vary between 0.45 and 0.92. Model-fit indexes showed that Turkish version of the scale had high construct validity. It was found that the corrected item-total correlation varied between 0.589 and 0.846. Further, it was determined that there were medium-/high-level positive correlations between sub-dimensions. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was calculated as 0.957. The authors concluded that the Turkish version of the Organizational Justice in Sport Scale was a valid, reliable and convenient measurement tool for determining the level of Organizational justice among the coaches.

A Cross-National Analysis of Political Personalization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Rahat ◽  
Ofer Kenig
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

The chapter presents an integrated cross-national analysis of political personalization in all our twenty-six countries. The two indicators of personalization online stand apart in terms of the incidents of depersonalization. An examination of the relationship between the three dimensions finds personalization especially in the institutional realm. In the other two dimensions, media and behavior, most cases are of personalization, but many indicate no trend or depersonalization. A comparison by country illustrates that, except for the cases of extreme personalization in Italy and Israel and a few cases of depersonalization, especially in Switzerland, most countries experience moderate–low or low levels of personalization. Most explanations for variance are ruled out. A moderately negative correlation is found between national levels of self-expression and national levels of political personalization. The chapter ends with a review of the claims raised in the literature about the consequences of political personalization.

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