Stereotyping Older Workers and Retirement: The Managers' Point of View

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kène Henkens
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Frequent Contact ◽  
Components Analysis

ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a study into stereotyping by managers of their older workers and the influence of these stereotypes on the inclination of managers to keep their older workers in employment. The data for the study were gathered among 796 managers. Through principal components analysis, 15 opinions about older workers were reduced to three dimensions of stereotypes. The first dimension deals with the productivity of older staff; the other two dimensions have to do with their reliability and their adaptability. These stereotypical ideas about older workers influence managers' attitudes toward the retirement of their employees. The analyses show that, besides organizational factors, psychological mechanisms also explain why people view older workers through stereotypes. Managers who are older and in more frequent contact with older employees tend to hold more positive views.

Assessing the Validity of SWAT as a Workload Measurement Instrument

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Mental Workload ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Implicit Assumption ◽  
Workload Measurement ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
High Level

The Subjective Workload Asssessment Technique (SWAT) carries with it the implicit assumption that people can accurately predict the amount of mental workload they would experience under various levels of three component dimensions. Research suggests that the perceptions of these dimensions may not be independent. This study was designed to measure the subjective interactions between the dimensions used in SKAT. Mental workload was generated using a text editing task in which the dimensions were manipulated independently. Results revealed significant positive correlations between the subjective levels of the three dimensions. That is, when a subject experienced a high level of one dimension, s/he also tended to rate the other two dimensions high. It may be unreasonable to assume that people can accurately predict the magnitude of these interactions when performing the ranking process which is used to derive the workload scale.

scholarly journals EXAMINING MEDIATING EFFECT OF MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEES’ PRODUCTIVITY IN BANGLADESHI SATELLITE TELEVISION CHANNELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Al Amin Khan ◽  
Arun Kumar Tarofder ◽  
S. M. Ferdous Azam
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Satellite Television ◽  
Survey Responses

Purpose: The motivation behind this investigation is to assess the effect of motivation on employee's productivity with regards to satellite TV station in Bangladesh. Two motivation factors were recognized based on exploratory factor analysis specifically economic factors and organizational factors also. Two dimensions in economic factors, such as, reward, remuneration and another three dimensions, such as, job stability, work condition and occupation training were found in organizational factors accordingly. Employees productivity is also analyzed here the outcome of employees. Design/methodology/approach: Factor investigation was utilized to sum up an enormous number of motivations attributes to recognize the vital elements that sway on employee productivity. Reliability tests based on Cronbach’s alpha and rectified thing complete relationship coefficients was utilized to test the internal consistency of survey responses. ANOVA tests were in this way used to test for differences in respondent's impression of this components as per chose demographics. Conclusively, a multiple regression model investigation was led to look at the connection’s motivation and employee productivity as well. Findings: Result directed that economic factors and organizational factors positively affected employee motivation and afterward it is moved to productivity in like manner. It is likewise discovered that motivation really function as a mediator. Originality/Value: This examination has caused to notice the significance of the connections between employee motivation and employee’s productivity with regards to satellite TV station in Bangladesh. The discoveries have noteworthy consequences for researcher specially satellite TV station setting. In spite of the presence of exploration on the between connections among motivation and employee productivity in different orders, there are not many talked about in satellite TV context research. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0726/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Trust in E-Commerce

2008 ◽  
pp. 771-788
Author(s):  
Ye Diana Wang ◽  
Henry H. Emurian
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Social Cue ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The design of the interface for e-commerce transactions is one source of influence that can affect an online shopper’s trust in the merchant. This paper undertook a confirmatory factor analysis involving 14 trust-inducing interface design features that populated a conceptual framework proposed in our previous study. The factor analysis of self-reported ratings of the features, which were illustrated on a synthetic e-commerce interface by 181 survey respondents, revealed the following three underlying dimensions: (1) visual, (2) content, and (3) social-cue design dimensions. All 14 features were found to contribute to the composition of the three dimensions. The social-cue dimension was rated as less important than the other two dimensions, and shoppers who had been cheated by an online merchant showed lower overall trust ratings in comparison to the remaining shoppers. Qualitative reports by the survey respondents yielded additional insights about the importance of the interface. The results of this study may contribute to an appreciation of interface design features that may influence a user’s perception of the trustworthiness of an online merchant’s Web site.

A NEW METHOD FOR CALCULATING CLASSICAL PERIODIC TRAJECTORIES IN TWO DIMENSIONS

1994 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.T.R. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Gaussian Elimination ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Periodic Trajectories ◽  
Dimensional Phase Space

Previously, the monodromy method has been widely used for calculating classical periodic trajectories for a two-dimensional Hamiltonian system, or a four-dimensional phase space. In this paper, the problem is formulated from a different point of view, involving Gaussian-elimination algorithms. Thus, we present a new method for calculating classical periodic orbits, in which each of the basic matrices is of dimension two. Two variants are obtained, one assuming that the period of the motion is fixed and the other assuming that the total energy is fixed. We emphasize the importance of calculating the periodic orbits in as small a dimensionality as possible, an advantage which has implications for generalizations of the theory and methods to outstanding many-body problems in nuclear and atomic physics. Comparisons are made between various approaches.

On Misoriented Letters

Perception ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Bressan ◽  
Giovanni B Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Picture Plane ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Three Dimensions

An experiment is reported in which subjects were presented with misoriented letters and asked to identify the transformations to which normal letters had been subjected to produce the misorientation. When two or more transformations were equally justifiable from the geometrical point of view, they did not have necessarily the same relevance from the perceptual standpoint. For instance, it was easier for the subjects to see an upside-down letter R as the outcome of two reflections (one about the horizontal axis and one about the vertical axis) rather than of a 180° rotation in the picture plane. Contrary to expectation, for the same final result a reflection—a movement in three dimensions—was preferred to a rotation—a movement in two dimensions—and two reflections were preferred to a single rotation. To explain the distribution of the responses, a hypothesis on the ‘mode of appearance’ of equivocally oriented objects is presented. This postulates that the directional axes assigned to the objects tend to remain in correspondence with those of the environment. Moreover, the polarization of the up–down axis tends to be preserved, while that of the left-right axis does not. Implications of this simple model for the perception of misorientations are discussed.

Concentrated Force Near a Smooth Circular Inclusion

1966 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dundurs ◽  
K. Fukui ◽  
T. Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Circular Inclusion ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Infinite Matrix ◽  
Elementary Functions ◽  
Concentrated Force ◽  
Curved Boundary ◽  
Smooth Interface ◽  
Interesting Behavior

A concentrated force applied to an infinite matrix near a smooth circular inclusion is discussed. The smooth interface is defined as one that allows slip, but does not transmit shearing tractions. The solution is partially in terms of series, but for certain combinations of materials the series sum to elementary functions. The solution which is of significance for applications in micromechanics exhibits interesting behavior also from the point of view of classical elastostatics. When the force is allowed to approach the interface, the singularity for the force shows dependence on the curvature of the interface. In this respect the smooth interface between two materials in two dimensions resembles a curved boundary in three dimensions.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Economic Development Dynamics of a Country Based on the Lorenz Curve

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Romualdas Ginevičius ◽  
Joanicjusz Nazarko ◽  
Dainora Gedvilaitė ◽  
Zdzisława Dacko-Pikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Lorenz Curve ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Lorenz Curve ◽  
The Impact

The welfare of a country depends on its economic development. In order to have the impact on it, we should have a possibility to quantitatively assess its situation at the desired point in time. Economic development, as a multifaceted and complex phenomenon, is reflected in two dimensions – intensity and uniformity. These mentioned above can be viewed as partial indicators of dynamics. Two main approaches to measuring development uniformity can be distinguished. In one of the cases, it is measured on the basis of an index that includes the main results of the country's economic development. In the other case, the values of the indicators reflecting all the essential development actions are combined in one appropriate way. From a scientific point of view, the second approach is more accurate as it allows for a better assessment of the complex nature of a country’s economic development. On the other hand, its application today is still problematic due to the fact that the models for this differ in terms of both the number and composition of indicators. For this reason, it is not possible to compare countries. Therefore, in international practice, the economic development of countries is measured by gross domestic product per capita (GDP). Based on GDP indicator, the method for the measurement of uniformity is proposed and the essence of which is the ratio of the length of the ideal trajectory of the development during the period under review to the length of the actual trajectory. Without ruling out the appropriateness of such an approach for assessing development uniformity, it makes sense to look for alternative methods. In this sense, methods that allow assessment of the extent of fluctuations of the phenomenon under consideration as an essential feature of development dynamics are suitable. These include the Gini coefficient, which is determined from the Lorenz curve.

A Cross-National Analysis of Political Personalization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Rahat ◽  
Ofer Kenig
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

The chapter presents an integrated cross-national analysis of political personalization in all our twenty-six countries. The two indicators of personalization online stand apart in terms of the incidents of depersonalization. An examination of the relationship between the three dimensions finds personalization especially in the institutional realm. In the other two dimensions, media and behavior, most cases are of personalization, but many indicate no trend or depersonalization. A comparison by country illustrates that, except for the cases of extreme personalization in Italy and Israel and a few cases of depersonalization, especially in Switzerland, most countries experience moderate–low or low levels of personalization. Most explanations for variance are ruled out. A moderately negative correlation is found between national levels of self-expression and national levels of political personalization. The chapter ends with a review of the claims raised in the literature about the consequences of political personalization.

Torsional magnetic reconnection: The effects of localizing the non-ideal (ηJ) term

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER F. WYPER ◽  
REKHA JAIN
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Change In Practice ◽  
Kinematic Models

AbstractMagnetic reconnection in three dimensions (3D) is a natural extension from X-point reconnection in two dimensions. Of central importance in the 3D process is a localized non-ideal region within which the plasma and magnetic field decouple allowing for field line connectivity change. In practice, localized current structures provide this localization; however, mathematically a similar effect can be achieved with the localization of plasma resistivity instead. Physically though, such approaches are unrealistic, as anomalous resistivity requires very localized currents. Therefore, we wish to know how much information is lost in localizing η instead of current? In this work we develop kinematic models for torsional spine and fan reconnection using both localized η and localized current and compare the non-ideal flows predicted by each. We find that the flow characteristics are dictated almost exclusively by the form taken for the current profile with η acting only to scale the flow. We do, however, note that the reconnection mechanism is the same in each case. Therefore, from an understanding point of view, localized η models are still important first steps into exploring the role of non-ideal effects.

The relation between the encoding of motion event information and viewpoint in English-accompanying gestures

Gesture ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fey Parrill
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Motion Event ◽  
Event Information ◽  
Selection Of

Properties of motion events (e.g., path, manner) and point of view (e.g., character’s point of view, observer’s point of view) can both be encoded in co-speech gestures. How are these two dimensions of meaning associated? In an examination of English narrative data collected under controlled circumstances, we found that gestures encoding manner of motion were significantly more likely to appear in character viewpoint. Gestures encoding path (but not manner), on the other hand, were significantly more likely to occur in observer viewpoint. Gestures encoding both path and manner simultaneously were also significantly more likely to occur in observer viewpoint. We suggest that selection of point of view may have effects on the encoding of certain semantic features in gesture.

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