Sustained Attention and Feature-Integrative Displays

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (22) ◽  
pp. 1585-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis C. Miller ◽  
Joel S. Warm ◽  
William N. Dember ◽  
Donald A. Schumsky
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Comparative Judgment ◽  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Feature Integration ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
Successive Task ◽  
Task Types

Observers monitored the repetitive presentation of a simulated submarine detection display for occasional targets. Observers were required to integrate information contained in one, two, or three indicators either in a simultaneous (comparative judgment) or successive (absolute judgment) format. Consistent with earlier findings on feature-integration, performance efficiency varied inversely with the number of features which needed to be integrated in signal detection. Unlike previous studies involving unitary discriminations, observers in the simultaneous conditions performed more poorly than those in the successive conditions as the information processing demands of the monitoring task increased. The results indicate that while systematic differences were found between simultaneous and successive task-types, different factors may play a role when observers must contend with multiple as compared to unitary sources of information.

Effects of Auxillary Load on Vigilance Performance in a Simulated Work Environment

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (20) ◽  
pp. 1419-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel S. Warm ◽  
Roger R. Rosa ◽  
Michael J. Colligan
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Comparative Judgment ◽  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Vigilance Performance ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Light Load ◽  
Successive Task

The effects of extra-task demands and long hours of work on the performance of simultaneous (comparative judgment) and successive (absolute judgment) type vigilance tasks were assessed in a simulated work environment. For three consecutive 12 hour days, subjects engaged in four 1-hour vigilance sessions interspersed with work at a heavy-load (20 codes/rain) or a light-load (10 codes/min) data entry task. For both types of vigilance tasks, performance efficiency varied inversely with the auxilary workload confronting the subjects. In addition, the quality of vigilance performance improved over the work week in the context of the light auxilary workload and declined in the context of the heavy load. Subjects reported becoming more drowsy, strained and fatigued and experienced more somatic complaints over the work day and the work week. These mood effects were maximal with the successive task and a heavy auxiliary workload, suggesting that in order to maintain performance standards in the successive task, subjects expended more processing resources which led to a greater cost in fatigue and strain.

The Influence of Product Anthropomorphism on Comparative Judgment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Huang ◽  
Vincent Chi Wong ◽  
Echo Wen Wan
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Comparative Judgment ◽  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Consideration Set ◽  
Consumption Choices ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Judgment Strategy

Abstract The present research proposes a new perspective to investigate the effect of product anthropomorphism on consumers’ comparative judgment strategy in comparing two anthropomorphized (vs. two nonanthropomorphized) product options in a consideration set. Six experiments show that anthropomorphism increases consumers’ use of an absolute judgment strategy (vs. a dimension-by-dimension strategy) in comparative judgment, leading to increased preference for the option with a more favorable overall evaluation over the option with a greater number of superior dimensions. The effect is mediated by consumers’ perception of each anthropomorphized product alternative as an integrated entity rather than a bundle of separate attributes. The authors find the effect to be robust by directly tracing the process of participants’ information processing using MouseLab software and eye-tracking techniques, and by self-reported preferences and real consumption choices. Moreover, the effect is moderated by the motivation to seek maximized accuracy or ease. These studies have important implications for theories about anthropomorphism and comparative judgment as well as marketing practice.

scholarly journals Domain-specific and Domain-general Processing in Left Perisylvian Cortex: Evidence from Russian

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Klimovich-Gray ◽  
Mirjana Bozic ◽  
William D. Marslen-Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Middle Temporal ◽  
Language System ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
Fmri Experiment ◽  
Grammatical Complexity ◽  
Inflectional Affixes

The processing of words containing inflectional affixes triggers morphophonological parsing and affix-related grammatical information processing. Increased perceptual complexity related to stem-affix parsing is hypothesized to create predominantly domain-general processing demands, whereas grammatical processing primarily implicates domain-specific linguistic demands. Exploiting the properties of Russian morphology and syntax, we designed an fMRI experiment to separate out the neural systems supporting these two demand types, contrasting inflectional complexity, syntactic (phrasal) complexity, and derivational complexity in three comparisons: (a) increase in parsing demands while controlling for grammatical complexity (inflections vs. phrases), (b) increase in grammatical processing demands, and (c) combined demands of morphophonological parsing and grammatical processing (inflections and phrases vs. derivations). Left inferior frontal and bilateral temporal areas are most active when the two demand types are combined, with inflectional and phrasal complexity contrasting strongly with derivational complexity (which generated only bilateral temporal activity). Increased stem-affix parsing demands alone did not produce unique activations, whereas grammatical structure processing activated bilateral superior and middle temporal areas. Selective left frontotemporal language system engagement for short phrases and inflections seems to be driven by simultaneous and interdependent domain-general and domain-specific processing demands.

Sustained Attention in a Monitoring Task: Towards a Neuroadaptative Enterprise System Interface

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Théophile Demazure ◽  
Alexander Karran ◽  
Élise Labonté-LeMoyne ◽  
Pierre-Majorique Léger ◽  
Sylvain Sénécal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Enterprise System ◽  
Monitoring Task

Multimedia, Information Compexity, and Cognitive Processing

2008 ◽  
pp. 1248-1261
Author(s):  
Hayward P. Andres
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Information Complexity ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Optimal Learning ◽  
Presentation Media

Organizations are faced with increasing costs needed to train employees in today’s high technology environment. Educators are also striving to develop new training and teaching methods that will yield optimal learning transfer and complex skill acquisition. This study suggests that trainee/learner cognitive processing capacity, information presentation format and complexity, and multimedia technology should be leveraged in order to minimize training duration and costs and maximize knowledge transfer. It presents a causal model of how multimedia and information complexity interact to influence sustained attention, mental effort and information processing quality, all of which subsequently impact comprehension and learner confidence and satisfaction outcomes. Subjects read a text script, viewed an acetate overhead slide presentation containing text-with-graphics, or viewed a multimedia presentation depicting the greenhouse effect (low complexity) or photocopier operation (high complexity). Causal path analysis results indicated that presentation media (or format) had a direct impact on sustained attention, mental effort, information processing quality, comprehension, and learner confidence and satisfaction. Information complexity had direct effects on sustained attention, mental effort and information processing quality. Finally, comprehension and learner confidence and satisfaction were both influenced through an intervening sequence of sustained attention, mental effort and information processing quality.

Presentational format and financial consumers’ behaviour: an eye-tracking study

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriella Ceravolo ◽  
Vincenzo Farina ◽  
Lucrezia Fattobene ◽  
Lucia Leonelli ◽  
GianMario Raggetti
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Financial Disclosure ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nonprofessional Investors ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether financial consumers are sensitive to presentational format of financial disclosure documents and whether this influences the financial attractiveness of products. Design/methodology/approach In order to observe and measure consumers’ attention, the authors exploit the unobtrusive methodology of eye tracking on a sample of nonprofessional investors, applying an ecological protocol, through a cross-sectional design. Findings The analysis reveals that financial information processing and attention distribution are influenced by the way the information is conveyed. Moreover, some layouts induce individuals to rate the products as less financially attractive, independent of the information content. This suggests the importance of studying the neural mechanisms of investors’ behaviour in the scrutiny of financial product documents. Practical implications The results lead to recommend regulators and managers to study how investors respond to financial disclosure documents by exploiting neuroscientific techniques. Moreover, there is a role for the search of any benefit coming from emphasising specific sources of information inside documents. Originality/value This research investigates the influence of presentational format on consumers’ information processing measuring the underlying neurophysiological processes; the consequent perception of financial attractiveness is also explored.

Spatial and Temporal (RAPCOM) Visual Display Formats and the Proximity Compatibility Principle

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (18) ◽  
pp. 1383-1387
Author(s):  
John Uhlarik ◽  
Kurt M. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
Compatibility Principle ◽  
Complex Monitoring

RAPCOM (rapid communication) displays involve temporal presentation of information in the same spatial location and have been suggested to have useful potential for human-computer interactions involving high information transfer rates (cf., Matin and Boff, 1988). An experiment was conducted to evaluate the relative effectiveness of various spatial and temporal display formats for presenting information pertaining to the likelihood of aircraft stall using the simulated dynamics of a light aircraft. Specific spatial and temporal characteristics of the display formats were based on the proximity compatibility principle (PCP) which attempts to integrate findings regarding the benefits and limitations of displaying multiple sources of information in similar or “proximal” ways (Wickens and Andre, 1990; Carswell and Wickens, 1990). The effectiveness of these display formats were compared for judgments which required the integration of three display parameters (airspeed, bank, and flap angle) to determine stall probability with those requiring focused attention necessitating the recall of the specific value of one of the parameters. For the complex monitoring task used in this experiment, temporal display formats were generally associated with the most accurate performance. Furthermore, the overall pattern of results was not consistent with design guidelines suggested by the PCP, and suggest difficulties when attempting to define “proximity” in terms of physical metrics based on spatial or temporal parameters.

Information-Processing Demands as a Determinant of Ceo Compensation

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Henderson ◽  
James W. Fredrickson
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Ceo Compensation ◽  
Processing Demands
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