Does Layering Minimize Shrinkage Stresses in Composite Restorations?

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 967-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Kuijs ◽  
W.M.M. Fennis ◽  
C.M. Kreulen ◽  
M. Barink ◽  
N. Verdonschot
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Poisson Ratio ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Simulated Time

Polymerization shrinkage of resin composites may impair restoration longevity. It is hypothesized that layering, rather than bulk, techniques result in less stress in the tooth-restoration complex. The aim of this study was to compare shrinkage stresses for different restorative techniques used for cusp-replacing restorations with direct resin composite. In a 3-D FE model, the dynamic process of shrinkage during polymerization was simulated. Time-dependent parameters (shrinkage, apparent viscosity, Young’s modulus, Poisson ratio, and resulting creep), which change during the polymerization process, were implemented. Six different restorative procedures were simulated: a chemically cured bulk technique, a light-cured bulk technique, and 4 light-cured layering techniques. When polymerization shrinkage is considered, a chemically cured composite shows the least resulting stress. The differences seen among various layering build-up techniques were smaller than expected. The results indicate that the stress-bearing locations are the interface and the cervical part of the remaining cusp.

scholarly journals Polymerization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of High-Viscosity Bulk Fill and Low Shrinkage Resin Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. E177-E187 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shibasaki ◽  
T Takamizawa ◽  
K Nojiri ◽  
A Imai ◽  
A Tsujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Volumetric Shrinkage ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage

SUMMARY The present study determined the mechanical properties and volumetric polymerization shrinkage of different categories of resin composite. Three high viscosity bulk fill resin composites were tested: Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TB, Ivoclar Vivadent), Filtek Bulk Fill posterior restorative (FB, 3M ESPE), and Sonic Fill (SF, Kerr Corp). Two low-shrinkage resin composites, Kalore (KL, GC Corp) and Filtek LS Posterior (LS, 3M ESPE), were used. Three conventional resin composites, Herculite Ultra (HU, Kerr Corp), Estelite ∑ Quick (EQ, Tokuyama Dental), and Filtek Supreme Ultra (SU, 3M ESPE), were used as comparison materials. Following ISO Specification 4049, six specimens for each resin composite were used to determine flexural strength, elastic modulus, and resilience. Volumetric polymerization shrinkage was determined using a water-filled dilatometer. Data were evaluated using analysis of variance followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference test (α=0.05). The flexural strength of the resin composites ranged from 115.4 to 148.1 MPa, the elastic modulus ranged from 5.6 to 13.4 GPa, and the resilience ranged from 0.70 to 1.0 MJ/m3. There were significant differences in flexural properties between the materials but no clear outliers. Volumetric changes as a function of time over a duration of 180 seconds depended on the type of resin composite. However, for all the resin composites, apart from LS, volumetric shrinkage began soon after the start of light irradiation, and a rapid decrease in volume during light irradiation followed by a slower decrease was observed. The low shrinkage resin composites KL and LS showed significantly lower volumetric shrinkage than the other tested materials at the measuring point of 180 seconds. In contrast, the three bulk fill resin composites showed higher volumetric change than the other resin composites. The findings from this study provide clinicians with valuable information regarding the mechanical properties and polymerization kinetics of these categories of current resin composite.

scholarly journals Polymerization Shrinkage, Hygroscopic Expansion, Elastic Modulus and Degree of Conversion of Different Composites for Dental Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges ◽  
Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva ◽  
Sabrina Elise Moecke ◽  
Raquel Coutinho de Morais ◽  
João Paulo Mendes Tribst
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Poisson Ratio ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Application ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: To characterize the mechanical properties of different resin-composites for dental application. Methods: Thirteen universal dentin shade composites (n = 10) from different manufacturers were evaluated (4 Seasons, Grandio, Venus, Amelogen Plus, P90, Z350, Esthet-X, Amaris, Vita-l-escence, Natural-Look, Charisma, Z250 and Opallis). The polymerization shrinkage percentage was calculated using a video-image recording device (ACUVOL—Bisco Dental) and the hygroscopic expansion was measured after thermocycling aging in the same equipment. Equal volumes of material were used and, after 5 min of relaxation, baseline measurements were calculated with 18 J of energy delivered from the light-curing unit. Specimens were stored in a dry-dark environment for 24 h then thermocycled in distilled water (5–55 °C for 20,000 cycles) with volume measurement at each 5000 cycles. In addition, the pulse-excitatory method was applied to calculate the elastic modulus and Poisson ratio for each resin material and the degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results: The ANOVA showed that all composite volumes were influenced by the number of cycles (α = 0.05). Volumes at 5 min post-polymerization (12.47 ± 0.08 cm3) were significantly lower than those at baseline (12.80 ± 0.09 cm3). With regard to the impact of aging, all resin materials showed a statistically significant increase in volume after 5000 cycles (13.04 ± 0.22 cm3). There was no statistical difference between volumes measured at the other cycle steps. The elastic modulus ranged from 22.15 to 10.06 GPa and the Poisson ratio from 0.54 to 0.22 with a significant difference between the evaluated materials (α = 0.05). The degree of conversion was higher than 60% for all evaluated resin composites.

The Effect of Curing Units and Staining Solutions on the Color Stability of Resin Composites

10.2341/07-3 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 616-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Yazici ◽  
Ç Çelik ◽  
B. Dayangaç ◽  
G. Özgünaltay
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Light Curing

Clinical Relevance The color stability of resin composites did not vary based on the type of light curing unit. The effect of staining solutions on color changes in resin composites was resin composite and immersion time-dependent.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Resin Composites Having Different Matrix Compositions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Tarek M. Elshazly ◽  
Christoph Bourauel ◽  
Dalia I. Sherief ◽  
Dalia I. El-Korashy
Keyword(s):  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Dye Penetration

This study compared two resin composites with similar filler systems and different matrix compositions. The depth of cure (DoC), polymerization shrinkage, and marginal leakage were evaluated. A Filtek Bulk Fill resin composite (FB) and a Filtek Supreme resin composite (FS) were used. For the DoC and polymerization shrinkage, cylindrical specimens with different thicknesses were prepared. The DoC was attributed to the bottom/top ratios of Vickers microhardness numbers. For polymerization shrinkage, each specimen was firstly scanned using micro-computed tomography (µCT) then cured for 20 s, then for 10 s, and then for 10 s, and they were rescanned between each curing time. Data were processed using the Mimics software. For marginal leakage, standardized 5 mm cavities were prepared in 90 molars. After etching and bonding, materials were packed according to groups: FB-bulk, FB-incremental, and FS-incremental, which were cured for 20, 30, and 40 s, respectively. After thermo-cycling, teeth were stored in 1% methylene blue dye for 24 h and then sectioned and observed for dye penetration. The results showed insignificant differences in the shrinkage and leakage between the different packing techniques and curing times of both materials. In conclusion, the introduction of a novel matrix into resin composite composition enabled bulk-filling in one layer up to 5 mm deep while keeping a tolerable polymerization shrinkage.

scholarly journals Marginal Adaptation and Micropermeability of Class II Cavities Restored with Three Different Types of Resin Composites—A Comparative Ten-Month In Vitro Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1660
Author(s):  
Sevda Mihailova Yantcheva
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Gingival Margin ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ageing Period

The development of composite materials is subject to the desire to overcome polymerization shrinkage and generated polymerization stress. An indicator characterizing the properties of restorative materials, with specific importance for preventing secondary caries, is the integrity and durability of marginal sealing. It is a reflection of the effects of polymerization shrinkage and generated stress. The present study aimed to evaluate and correlate marginal integrity and micropermeability in second-class cavities restored with three different types of composites, representing different strategies to reduce polymerization shrinkage and stress: nanocomposite, silorane, and bulk-fill composite after a ten-month ageing period. Thirty standardized class ΙΙ cavities were prepared on extracted human molars. Gingival margins were 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. Cavities were randomly divided into three groups, based on the composites used: FiltekUltimate-nanocomposite; Filtek Silorane LS-silorane; SonicFill-bulk-fill composite. All specimens were subjected to thermal cycles after that, dipped in saline for 10-mounds. After ageing, samples were immersed in a 2% methylene blue. Thus prepared, they were covered directly with gold and analyzed on SEM for assessment of marginal seal. When the SEM analysis was completed, the teeth were included into epoxy blocks and cut longitudinally on three slices for each cavity. An assessment of microleakage on stereomicroscope followed. Results were statistically analyzed. For marginal seal evaluation: F.Ultimate and F.Silorane differ statistically with more excellent results than SonicFill for marginal adaptation to the gingival margin, located entirely in the dentin. For microleakage evaluation: F.Ultimate and F.Silorane differ statistically with less microleakage than SonicFill. Based on the results obtained: a strong correlation is found between excellent results for marginal adaptation to the marginal gingival ridge and micropermeability at the direction to the axial wall. We observe a more significant influence of time at the gingival margin of the cavities. There is a significant increase in the presence of marginal fissures (p = 0.001). A significant impact of time (p < 0.000) and of the material (p < 0.000) was found in the analysis of the microleakage.

Three-year Randomized Prospective Clinical Trial of Class II Restorations Using Flowable Bulk-fill Resin Composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Moda ◽  
AF Briso ◽  
IAE Hoshino ◽  
SMB Frascino ◽  
PH Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Surface Staining ◽  
Equality Test ◽  
Over Time

SUMMARY Objectives: This randomized, prospective, and split-mouth study aimed to evaluate flowable bulk-fill resin composites in class II restorations and to compare with a conventional layering technique after a 3-year follow-up. Methods and Materials: Fifty-three subjects received three class II restorations according to the restorative systems: conventional microhybrid resin composite (PA, Peak Universal + Amelogen Plus, Ultradent), flowable bulk-fill and nanoparticulate resin composites (ABF, Adper Single Bond 2 + Filtek Bulk Fill Flow + Filtek Z350XT, 3M Oral Care), and flowable bulk-fill and microhybrid resin composites (XST, XP Bond + SDR + TPH3, Dentsply). The clinical performance and interproximal contacts were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using the equality test of two proportions, Logistic regression analysis, Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Results: Forty-seven patients were evaluated at 3 years. XST bulk-fill restorative system presented higher marginal discoloration than PA, and the opposite occurred for surface staining. All restorative systems resulted in decreased interproximal contacts, occurring early for XST. Conclusions: Although the restorative system using incremental technique presented better performance for marginal discoloration, one of the restorative systems that used flowable bulk-fill resin composite (XST) showed the lowest surface staining. All restorative systems had decreased proximal contact over time.

Effect of Shortened Light-Curing Modes on Bulk-Fill Resin Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-505
Author(s):  
CS Sampaio ◽  
PG Pizarro ◽  
PJ Atria ◽  
R Hirata ◽  
M Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Light Output ◽  
High Mode ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Light Curing

Clinical Relevance Shortened light curing does not affect volumetric polymerization shrinkage or cohesive tensile strength but negatively affects the shear bond strength of some bulk-fill resin composites. When performing shortened light curing, clinicians should be aware of the light output of their light-curing units. SUMMARY Purpose: To evaluate volumetric polymerization shrinkage (VPS), shear bond strength (SBS) to dentin, and cohesive tensile strength (CTS) of bulk-fill resin composites (BFRCs) light activated by different modes. Methods and Materials: Six groups were evaluated: Tetric EvoCeram bulk fill + high mode (10 seconds; TEC H10), Tetric EvoFlow bulk fill + high mode (TEF H10), experimental bulk fill + high mode (TEE H10), Tetric EvoCeram bulk fill + turbo mode (five seconds; TEC T5), Tetric EvoFlow bulk fill + turbo mode (TEF T5), and experimental bulk fill + turbo mode (TEE T5). Bluephase Style 20i and Adhese Universal Vivapen were used for all groups. All BFRC samples were built up on human molar bur-prepared occlusal cavities. VPS% and location were evaluated through micro–computed tomography. SBS and CTS tests were performed 24 hours after storage or after 5000 thermal cycles; fracture mode was analyzed for SBS. Results: Both TEC H10 and TEE H10 presented lower VPS% than TEF H10. However, no significant differences were observed with the turbo-curing mode. No differences were observed for the same BFRC within curing modes. Occlusal shrinkage was mostly observed. Regarding SBS, thermal cycling (TC) affected all groups. Without TC, all groups showed higher SBS values for high mode than turbo mode, while with TC, only TEC showed decreased SBS from high mode to turbo modes; modes of fracture were predominantly adhesive. For CTS, TC affected all groups except TEE H10. In general, no differences were observed between groups when comparing the curing modes. Conclusions: Increased light output with a shortened curing time did not jeopardize the VPS and SBS properties of the BFRCs, although a decreased SBS was observed in some groups. TEE generally showed similar or improved values for the tested properties in a shortened light-curing time. The VPS was mostly affected by the materials tested, whereas the SBS was affected by the materials, curing modes, and TC. The CTS was not affected by the curing modes.

The Silorane-based Resin Composites: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. E24-E34 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Maghaireh ◽  
NA Taha ◽  
H Alzraikat
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Tooth Structure

SUMMARY This article aims to review the research done on the silorane-based resin composites (SBRC) regarding polymerization shrinkage and contraction stresses and their ability to improve the shortcomings of the methacrylate-based resin composites (MRBC). Special attention is given to their physical and mechanical properties, bond strength, marginal adaptation, and cusp deflection. The clinical significance of this material is critically appraised with a focus on the ability of SBRC to strengthen the tooth structure as a direct restorative material. A search of English peer-reviewed dental literature (2003-2015) from PubMed and MEDLINE databases was conducted with the terms “low shrinkage” and “silorane composites.” The list was screened, and 70 articles that were relevant to the objectives of this work were included.

scholarly journals How do the optical properties of the bulk fill posterior composites change after 2 years of simulated toothbrushing?

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-386
Author(s):  
Leticia Souza Lopes ◽  
Helio Rodrigues Sampaio Filho ◽  
Elisa Gomes Albuquerque ◽  
Chane Tardem ◽  
Mauro Sayão Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Composite Control ◽  
Multifactor Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

The objective of this study was to evaluate the alteration of the optical properties of bulk Fill resin-based composites after 2 years of simulated toothbrushing. Three high-viscosity bulk fill resin composites and one conventional sculptable resin composite (control) were analyzed. Five specimens of each resin composite were prepared, and roughness, color, translucency and gloss were evaluated initially and after one and two years of simulated toothbrushing. The specimens were submitted to electric simulated toothbrushing (14600 strokes/100g) using a commercially available toothbrush with soft fibers and toothpaste slurry in a proportion of 1:2 by weight. The brushing scheme was of 40 cycles per day (2 cycles per second / 280 cycles in a week). The optical properties and the roughness data were analyzed by a multifactor analysis of variance (MANOVA) and a Tukey post hoc test. The baseline and final values of Ra and Sa were submitted to linear regression analyses, all of which were performed at a significance level of p=0.05. Gloss and roughness presented statistical differences between the resin-time interactions in all composite resins. The gloss (72.5%) and roughness (89.4%) worsened significantly after brushing, but the authors didn’t find statistically significant differences when evaluating translucency and color. Based in the results, it could be concluded that the simulated brushing degraded the brightness and roughness of the used high-viscosity bulk fill composites.

Polymerization shrinkage-stress kinetics of resin-composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. e57
Author(s):  
H. Al-Sunbul ◽  
N. Silikas ◽  
D.C. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Shrinkage Stress ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Polymerization Shrinkage ◽  
Kinetics Of
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