Favoring Trauma as an Etiological Factor in Denture Stomatitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Emami ◽  
P. de Grandmont ◽  
P.H. Rompré ◽  
J. Barbeau ◽  
S. Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Etiological Factor ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Denture Stomatitis ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

The etiology of denture stomatitis remains controversial. Trauma due to unstable dentures has been suggested as an etiological factor. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the prevalence of denture stomatitis is reduced when mandibular dentures are stabilized by implants. Data were collected at a one-year follow-up from 173 edentulous elders who had randomly received mandibular implant overdentures or conventional dentures. The diagnosis of denture stomatitis was determined according to the Newton classification. Elders wearing conventional dentures were almost 5 times more likely to have denture stomatitis than those wearing mandibular two-implant overdentures ( P < 0.0001, Fisher’s exact test). Adjusted odds ratios showed that only the type of the prosthesis (AOR = 4.54, 95% CI 2.20 to 9.40) and nocturnal wear (AOR = 3.03, 95% CI 1.24 to 7.40) predict the frequency of denture stomatitis. Thus, implant overdentures may reduce oral mucosal trauma and control denture stomatitis.

Patterns of opioid use in patients with trigeminal neuralgia undergoing neurosurgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 1805-1811
Author(s):  
Andrew I. Yang ◽  
Brendan J. McShane ◽  
Frederick L. Hitti ◽  
Sukhmeet K. Sandhu ◽  
H. Isaac Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention

OBJECTIVEFirst-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is pharmacological management using antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), e.g., carbamazepine (CBZ) and oxcarbazepine (OCBZ). Surgical intervention has been shown to be an effective and durable treatment for TN that is refractory to medical therapy. Despite the lack of evidence for efficacy in patients with TN, the authors hypothesized that patients with neuropathic facial pain are prescribed opioids at high rates, and that neurosurgical intervention may lead to a reduction in opioid use.METHODSThis is a retrospective study of patients with facial pain seen by a single neurosurgeon. All patients completed a survey on pain medications, medical comorbidities, prior interventions for facial pain, and a validated pain outcome tool (the Penn Facial Pain Scale). Patients subsequently undergoing neurosurgical intervention completed a survey at the 1-month follow-up in the office, in addition to telephone interviews using a standardized script between 1 and 6 years after intervention. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to predict opioid use.RESULTSThe study cohort consisted of 309 patients (70% Burchiel type 1 TN [TN1], 18% Burchiel type 2 [TN2], 6% atypical facial pain [AFP], and 6% TN secondary to multiple sclerosis [TN-MS]). At initial presentation, 20% of patients were taking opioids. Of these patients, 55% were receiving concurrent opioid therapy with CBZ/OCBZ, and 84% were receiving concurrent therapy with at least one type of AED. Facial pain diagnosis (for diagnoses other than TN1, odds ratio [OR] 2.5, p = 0.01) and facial pain intensity at its worst (for each unit increase, OR 1.4, p = 0.005) were predictors of opioid use at baseline. Neurosurgical intervention led to a reduction in opioid use to 8% at long-term follow-up (p < 0.01, Fisher’s exact test; n = 154). Diagnosis (for diagnoses other than TN1, OR 4.7, p = 0.002) and postintervention reduction in pain at its worst (for each unit reduction, OR 0.8, p < 10−3) were predictors of opioid use at long-term follow-up. On subgroup analysis, patients with TN1 demonstrated a decrease in opioid use to 5% at long-term follow-up (p < 0.05, Fisher’s exact test), whereas patients with non-TN1 facial pain did not. In the nonsurgical group, there was no statistically significant decrease in opioid use at long-term follow-up (n = 81).CONCLUSIONSIn spite of its high potential for abuse, opioid use, mostly as an adjunct to AEDs, is prevalent in patients with facial pain. Opportunities to curb opioid use in TN1 include earlier neurosurgical intervention.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy versus pneumatic dilation – result from a retrospective study with 1-year follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (03) ◽  
pp. 304-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongqing Zheng ◽  
Chunshan Zhao ◽  
Shuai Su ◽  
Xiaofei Fan ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy ◽  
Type I ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Eckardt Score ◽  
Reflux Symptoms ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Endoscopic Myotomy

Abstract Background and aims On the basis of lesser rates of major adverse events and a short-term efficacy as Heller’s myotomy, there is a growing enthusiasm in favor of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), whereas study comparing POEM and pneumatic dilatation (PD) is quite rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of POEM and PD in Chinese achalasia patients in a retrospectively designed study. Methods Patients with achalasia, who underwent either PD (n = 26) or POEM (n = 40) were retrospectively recruited from September 2010 through March 2016 at a single tertiary center. During the 1-year follow-up, clinical outcome and functional data of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) were recruited. Clinical symptoms were assessed by use of the Eckardt score. The primary outcome was therapeutic success (Eckardt score ≤ 3). Functional data of LES (4-second integrated relaxation pressure [4s-IRP], LES relax rate, and LESP) at baseline and 1 month after treatment were also evaluated. Data was analyzed by SPSS 13.0 version using a significance level of p < 0.05. Results The success rates were 24/26 (92.31 %), 25/26 (96.15 %), and 24/26 (92.31 %), respectively, with POEM, as compared with 35/40 (87.50 %), 29/40 (72.50 %), and 23/40 (57.50 %), respectively, with PD, 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year after treatment. Statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 therapies (at 3 months, Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.01; at 1 year, Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.0001). Compared with PD, the Eckardt score was lower with POEM 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year after treatment. More patients in POEM group reported gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (after 3 months 7/26 (26.92 %) vs. 2/40 (5.00 %), Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.01; after 1 year 6/26 (19.23 %) vs. 1/35 (2.86 %), Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.02). The postoperative 4s-IRP and LESP were both lower with POEM than with PD, respectively. Type I achalasia had a better response with POEM than with PD. Conclusion In this retrospective analysis with 1-year follow-up, POEM presents with a higher success rate and more reflux symptoms compared with PD. Change on LES function after treatment may explain the outcome in part. Type I achalasia may respond better to therapies compared with type II.

Anaerobes in prostate cancer: New approaches to treatment and prevention.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13606-e13606
Author(s):  
Tim RTD Oliver ◽  
Roshni Bhudia ◽  
Frank Chinegwundoh ◽  
Mark Wilks
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Rising Incidence ◽  
H Pylori

e13606 Background: The sun-sensitive microaerophylic bacterium C. acnes, is linked with prostate cancer (PC) in 9 studies 3 of which are cohort studies of 289,043 men followed for 30 years from puberty. That circumcision reduces PC risk further supports a role for anaerobes as they are reduced on the circumcised glans penis. A 1988 study linked anaerobes with PC but considered them opportunists. Reports that H. pylori, linked to stomach cancer, is also a microaerophilic bacterium led us to reinvestigate the association of PC and anaerobes. Methods: The MOLDI-TOF methodology for analysing anaerobes in 18 post rectal exam urine samples has been previously reported ( https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-13782-6 ). This report analyses outcome after a further 21 patients were recruited and follow up was extended from 1 month to a median of 43 months. In total there were 21 diagnosed as PC and 18 BPH. Results: Of the 29 anaerobic isolates, 19 were Chlostridiales family, 2 Prevotella and 7 Actinomycoses (includes C.acnes) family. 12 cases had obligate anaerobes, 7 microaerophylic bacteria and 20 none of these. In 27 patients with PSA > 1.5, 56% had anaerobes, while in 12 with PSA = < 1.5 it was 17% (p < 0.037 Fisher’s exact test) In the 21 with prostate cancer, 7 (64%) of 11 without anaerobes and 2 of 10 (20% ) with anaerobes remain on Active Surveillance (p = 0.08 Fisher’s exact test) vs in 18 without cancer, 10/11 (91%) without and 5/7 (71%) with anaerobes remain without the need of TURP intervention. Conclusions: This is a small study and needs expanding. Given the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance more resources should be focused on the immune deficiency associated with chronic bacterial infection. Expansion of technology used to produce bacterial vaccines to treat women with recurrent cystitis could offer new approaches to prevention of PC and to treat patients with raised PSA and negative biopsy. Modern approaches to immunotherapy against these bacteria with checkpoint inhibitors could be used in combination with androgen suppression and chemotherapy.

Evaluating the Surgeons’ Perception of Difficulties of Two Techniques to Perform STARR for Obstructed Defecation Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo Renzi ◽  
Antonio Brillantino ◽  
Giandomenico Di Sarno ◽  
Francesco D’Aniello ◽  
Giuseppe Ferulano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Obstructed Defecation ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
End Points ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Obstructed Defecation Syndrome ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test

Background. After initial enthusiasm in the use of a dedicated curved stapler (CCS-30 Contour Transtar) to perform stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) for obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS), difficulties have emerged in this surgical technique. Objective. First, to compare surgeons’ perception of difficulties of STARR performed with only Transtar versus STARR performed with the combined use of linear staplers and Transtar to cure ODS associated with large internal prolapse and rectocele; second, to compare the postoperative incidence of the urge to defecate between the 2 STARR procedures. Design and Setting. An Italian multicenter randomized trial involving 25 centers of colorectal surgery. Patients. Patients with obstructed defecation syndrome and rectocele or rectal intussusception, treated between January and December 2012. Interventions. Participants were randomly assigned to undergo STARR with a curved alone stapler (CAS group) or with the combined use of linear and curved staplers (LCS group). Main Outcome Measures. Primary end-points were the evaluation of surgeons’ perception of difficulties score and the incidence of the “urge to defecate” at 3-month follow up. Secondary end-points included duration of hospital stay, rates of early and late complications, incidence of “urge to defecate” at 6 and 12 months, success of the procedures at 12 months of follow-up. Results. Of 771 patients evaluated, 270 patients (35%) satisfied the criteria. Follow-up data were available for 254 patients: 128 patients (114 women) in the CAS group (mean age, 52.1; range, 39-70 years) and 126 (116 women) in LCS group (mean age, 50.7 years; range, 41-75 years). The mean surgeons’ perception score, was 15.36 (SD, 3.93) in the CAS group and 12.26 (SD, 4.22) in the LCS group ( P < .0001; 2-sample t test). At 3-month follow-up, urge to defecate was observed in 18 (14.6%) CAS group patients and in 13 (10.7%) LCS group patients ( P = .34; Fisher’s exact test). These values drastically decrease at 6 months until no urge to defecate in all patients at 12 months was observed. At 12-month follow-up, a successful outcome was achieved in 100 (78.1%) CAS group patients and in 105 (83.3%) LCS group patients ( P = .34; Fisher’s exact test). No significant differences between groups were observed in the hospital stay and rates of early or late complications occurring after STARR. Conclusions. STARR with Transtar associated with prior decomposition of prolapse, using linear staplers, seems to be less difficult than that without decomposition. Both procedures appear to be safe and effective in the treatment of obstructed defecation syndrome resulting in similar success rates and complications.

scholarly journals Correction to Matsugasaki et al. (2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohsuke Ohtsubo
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
And Control

In the article “Two Failed Replications of the Watching Eyes Effect” by K. Matsugasaki, W. Tsukamoto, & Y. Ohtsubo (Letters on Evolutionary Behavioral Science, 2015, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 17-20, https://doi.org/10.5178/lebs.2015.36), the results section of Study 2 contained errors. The original version read “the proportion of participants who allocated at least one coin to the next participants was .83 (= 20/24) and .96 (= 23/25) in the eye-image and control conditions, respectively, p = .42 by Fisher’s exact test” (in the left column of p. 19). This should read “the proportion of participants who allocated at least one coin to the next participants was .83 (= 20/24) and .92 (= 23/25) in the control and eye-image conditions, respectively, p = .42 by Fisher’s exact test.”

Efficacy of enterotoxigenicEscherichia colivaccine for bovine clinical mastitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhide Morimoto ◽  
Madoka Shimizu ◽  
Tomoyasu Kurose ◽  
Keiji Nakatani ◽  
Shinji Akita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
And Control

An enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli(ETEC) vaccine designed to prevent diarrhoea was inoculated into dairy cows, and the occurrence of clinical mastitis was investigated for 2 years. Half of 480 cows in five farms were subcutaneously inoculated with ETEC vaccine (Imocolibov) twice with a 1-month interval in 2007 and 2008. Fisher's exact test and survival (time to event) analysis with the log-rank test were used to compare vaccinates and controls. In 2007, there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of mastitis between vaccinate (20·3%) and control (17·1%) cows. The rate of death or culling due to mastitis was lower in vaccinated cows (7·4%) than in control cows (29·2%,P=0·07, Fisher's exact test;P=0·02, log-rank test). In 2008, there was no significant difference in both the incidence rate of mastitis and the rate of death or culling due to mastitis. Milk productivity was compared between vaccinates and controls in one farm. Multi-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for the amount of 4% fat-corrected milk, and there was no significant difference between vaccinates and controls. These results suggest that ETEC vaccine inoculation reduces death or culling due to mastitis, whereas no preventive effect on the development of mastitis was observed.

scholarly journals Ανοσολογική διερεύνηση των παιδιών με κοιλιοκάκη

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μαρουδιά Κρίνη
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
T Test ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν να διερευνήσει την κατανομή των HLA-DRB1, DQA1 και DQB1 αλληλομόρφων γονιδίων, των απλοτύπων και γονοτύπων στον ελληνικό παιδιατρικό πληθυσμό με κοιλιοκάκη, σε σύγκριση με τους υγιείς μάρτυρες, και να αξιολογήσει την επίδραση των HLA τάξης ΙΙ γονιδίων στην επιδεκτικότητα της νόσου. Παράλληλα, αναζητήθηκαν συσχετίσεις του HLA-γενετικού υποστρώματος των ασθενών με τα κλινικά, επιδημιολογικά, ορολογικά και ιστολογικά χαρακτηριστικά της νόσου.Μελετήθηκαν 118 παιδιά με κοιλιοκάκη ελληνικής καταγωγής. Oι συμπτωματικοί ασθενείς ταξινομήθηκαν σε 3 ομάδες ως εξής: ομάδα Α = DQB1*02 ομοζυγώτες, ομάδα Β = DQB1*02 ετεροζυγώτες και ομάδα Γ = DQB1*02 αρνητικοί ασθενείς. Ως ομάδα ελέγχου, για τη σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων της HLA τυποποίησης των ασθενών, χρησίμευσε η HLA τυποποίηση 120 υγιών ατόμων, δοτών αίματος και μυελού των οστών, μη συγγενών μεταξύ τους, ελληνικής καταγωγής και εθνικότητας. Η γονιδιακή HLA τυποποίηση πραγματοποιήθηκε με τις μεθόδους PCR-SSP και PCR-SSO. Η στατιστική ανάλυση περιελάμβανε τα Pearson’s Chi-Square test, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney και Kruskal-Wallis test. Ο βαθμός τη σχέσης ελέγχθηκε με ακριβή λογιστική παλινδρόμηση (exact logistic regression) και παρουσιάστηκε ως λόγος σχετικών πιθανοτήτων (odds ratios, OR). Tα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν στατιστικά αυξημένη συχνότητα των HLA-DQB1*02:01, DQB1*02:02, DQA1*02:01, DQA1*05:01, DRB1*03 και DRB1*07 και στατιστικά μειωμένη συχνότητα των HLA-DQB1*03:01, DQB1*05:01, DQB1*05:02, DQA1*01:01, DQA1*01:02, DQA1*01:04, DQA1*05:05, DRB1*01 και DRB1*16 στους ασθενείς σε σύγκριση με τους υγιείς μάρτυρες. Σε επίπεδο απλοτύπων, ο κύριος συσχετιζόμενος με την κοιλιοκάκη απλότυπος ήταν ο DR3-DQ2 και ακολούθησε ο DR7-DQ2. Το 95,8% των ασθενών με κοιλιοκάκη εκφράζει το DQ2 ή/και το DQ8 μόριο. Μόνο ένας στους 118 ασθενείς, που αντιστοιχεί σε πιθανότητα 0,8%, δεν εκφράζει κανένα από τα συσχετιζόμενα με την κοιλιοκάκη αλλήλια και είναι DQ2/DQ8/DQA1*05/DQB1*02 - αρνητικός. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης έδειξαν μια στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά στον τίτλο των ΕΜΑ αντισωμάτων μεταξύ των ομάδων Α και Γ. Αναλυτικά, οι τίτλοι των ΕΜΑ αντισωμάτων είναι σημαντικά υψηλότεροι στους HLA-DQB1*02 ομοζυγώτες σε σχέση με τους HLA-DQB1*02 αρνητικούς ασθενείς, γεγονός που πιθανόν να αντανακλά μια HLA-DQB1*02 δοσοεξαρτώμενη επίδραση στον τίτλο των ΕΜΑ αντισωμάτων.Συμπερασματικά, η παρούσα διατριβή περιγράφει για πρώτη φορά στον ελληνικό παιδιατρικό πληθυσμό τη συχνότητα εμφάνισης των HLA τάξης ΙΙ αλληλομόρφων γονιδίων, απλοτύπων και γονοτύπων, και επιβεβαιώνει τη συμβολή των HLA τάξης ΙΙ γονιδίων στη γενετική προδιάθεση της νόσου. Επιπλέον, παρέχει στοιχεία που υποδηλώνουν μια πιθανή HLΑ-DQB1*02 δοσοεξαρτώμενη επίδραση στον τίτλο των ΕΜΑ αντισωμάτων.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Trichloroacetic Acid (TCA) Compared to Cryotherapy in Treating Patients with Positive VIA Result

2020 ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
Suwartono Herdhana ◽  
Andrijono
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Block Sampling

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness TCA 85% compared to cryotherapy to treat patients with positive IVA result.Method: This is a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial study. Patients with positive VIA result referred to Jatinegara Primary Health Center were included in this study. Eligible samples were then treated with either TCA 85% or cryotherapy. The treatment was determined using a random block sampling method. Samples were then followed up 3 months after treatment in order to determine VIA result conversion.Result: Thirty-six patients were treated with TCA 85% and 36 others were treated with cryotherapy. 35 (97,2%) patients treated with TCA 85% converted to negative VIA, whereas all of the patients that were treated with cryotherapy converted to negative VIA. Bivariate analysis fisher’s exact test was then conducted with a result P-value of 1.00 (p > 0,05).Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference of result between TCA 85% and cryotherapy for treating patients with positive VIA result.Keywords: cervical cancer, cryotherapy, TCA 85%, VIA test. Abstrak Tujuan: Mengetahui efikasi TCA 85% pada tatalaksana IVA positif dibandingkan dengan krioterapiMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian randomized control trial menggunakan metode non-inferiority study. Subyek penelitian ini merupakan pasien dengan hasil IVA positif yang dirujuk ke Puskesmas Kecamatan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur. Tatalaksana yang diberikan ditentukan menggunakan metode random block sampling. Subyek diikuti selama 3 bulan setelah tindakan untuk menentukan hasil konversi pemeriksaan IVA.Hasil: Sbenyak 36 subjek diterapi dengan TCA 85% dan 36 lainnya diterapi dengan krioterapi. Sebanyak 35 (97,2%) pasien yang ditatalaksana dengan TCA 85% mengalami konversi menjadi IVA negatif pada follow-up bulan ke-3, sedangkan seluruh pasien yang ditatalaksana dengan krioterapi menjadi konversi menjadi IVA negatif. Dilakukan analisis bivariat fisher’s exact test dan didapatkan nilai p sebesar 1,00 (p>0,05).Kesimpulan:Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna dari efikasi penggunaan TCA 85 % dibandingkan dengan krioterapi pada terapi IVA positif.Kata kunci: kanker serviks, krioterapi, pemeriksaan IVA, TCA 85%.

scholarly journals Nonsurgical Treatment for Vocal Fold Leukoplakia: An Analysis of 178 Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Lei Cheng ◽  
Chang-jiang Li ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Yi-lai Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Nonsurgical Treatment ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Vocal Fold Leukoplakia

Objective. To assess the effectiveness and identify vocal fold leukoplakia types appropriate for nonsurgical treatment. Methods. The vocal fold leukoplakia in 178 patients was divided by gross appearance into three subtypes: flat and smooth, elevated and smooth, and rough. All patients received nonsurgical treatment including smoking and drinking cessation, voice rest, omeprazole, and Chinese medication therapy. The clinical response of three subtypes was assessed after a 6-month follow-up. Results. Vocal fold leukoplakia subtypes included flat and smooth (n=66; 37.1%), elevated and smooth (n=103; 57.9%), and rough (n=9; 5.0%). The rate of complete response was 80.3%, 66.0%, and 0.0% for the 3 lesion types, respectively (rough versus flat and smooth, P<0.001; rough versus elevated and smooth, P<0.001, Fisher’s exact test). The incidence of carcinoma in rough leukoplakia was significantly higher than that in smooth leukoplakia (44.4% versus 2.4%, P=0.002, Fisher’s exact test). Clinical type was the only significant factor for clinical response of nonsurgical treatment (P=0.005, ordinal logistic regression). Conclusions. The effectiveness of nonsurgical treatment for smooth vocal fold leukoplakia is better in comparison to rough vocal fold leukoplakia. Smooth leukoplakia could be managed with nonsurgical treatment; more aggressive treatments should be considered for rough leukoplakia.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic Complications of Severe Luxations and replanted Teeth

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Farias Rocha Lima ◽  
Juliana Yuri Nagata ◽  
Francisco José de Souza-Filho ◽  
Adriana de Jesus Soares
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Tooth Avulsion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Post Traumatic

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the main posttraumatic complications of severe luxation and replanted teeth using clinical and radiographic analyses. Materials and methods Eighty-three patients aged between 7 and 55 years old presenting 180 traumatized teeth that suffered extrusive luxation (n = 67), lateral luxation (n = 69), intrusive luxation (n = 10) and tooth avulsion (n = 34) followed by replantation were evaluated. The follow-up period was 24 months. The complications examined were: pulp canal obliteration, pulp necrosis and root resorption (inflammatory and replacement). Furthermore, the relationship between time elapsed before receiving dental attendance and development of inflammatory resorption was observed. Results Pulp necrosis was the main complication, occurring in 147 teeth (82.7%). All of the teeth that suffered intrusive luxation and tooth avulsion were diagnosed with pulp necrosis, with significant difference in comparison with another traumas (p < 0.001/Fisher's exact test). Inflammatory root resorption was observed in 20.5% of the cases and replacement resorption was more related to tooth replantation (94.1%), showing significant prevalence among tooth luxations (p < 0.001/Fisher's exact test). In addition, it was noted that patients who seek treatment 9 weeks after the trauma episode presented 10 times more chance of developing inflammatory resorption when compared with patients who seek treatment soon after dental trauma (Odds ratio test). Conclusion It may be concluded that pulp necrosis was the main post-traumatic complication observed in traumatized teeth and that delay in seeking treatment may damage the prognosis of severe luxation and replanted teeth. Clinical significance Clinical studies describing the main complications that may affect traumatized teeth present great relevance to make the population aware of the importance of seeking immediate treatment and to alert the professional to the need for follow-up. When traumatic injuries are diagnosed and treated early, post-traumatic complications may be controlled, allowing conservation of the tooth in oral cavity. How to cite this article Lima TFR, Nagata JY, de Souza- Filho FJ, de Jesus Soares A. Post-traumatic Complications of Severe Luxations and replanted Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(1):13-19.

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