scholarly journals Habitual Physical Activity as a Determinant of the Effect of Moderate Physical Exercise on Postural Control in Older Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Stemplewski ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek ◽  
Maciej Tomczak ◽  
Robert Szeklicki ◽  
Dorota Sadowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Ergometer Exercise

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of exercise on postural control (PC) among the elderly with lower or higher level of habitual physical activity (HPA). The study involved 17 elderly men (mean age 72.9 ± 4.79 years). Mean velocity of the center of pressure (COP) displacements was measured using a force plate both before and after cycle ergometer exercise. A significantly higher increase in mean velocity of COP displacements and its component in the sagittal plane were observed in the group with lower level of HPA in comparison with the group with higher HPA level. Simultaneously, a relatively similar reaction to the exercise in the frontal plane was observed in both groups, possibly connected to the specific type of used exercise, which mainly activated the sagittal muscles.

scholarly journals Should the Minimal Intervention Principle Be Considered When Investigating Dual-Tasking Effects on Postural Control?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Wachholz ◽  
Federico Tiribello ◽  
Arunee Promsri ◽  
Peter Federolf
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
Minimal Intervention ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Postural Movement

Dual-tasking charges the sensorimotor system with performing two tasks simultaneously. Center of pressure (COP) analysis reveals the postural control that is altered during dual-tasking, but may not reveal the underlying neural mechanisms. In the current study, we hypothesized that the minimal intervention principle (MIP) provides a concept by which dual-tasking effects on the organization and prioritization of postural control can be predicted. Postural movements of 23 adolescents (age 12.7 ± 1.3; 8 females) and 15 adults (26.9 ± 2.3) were measured in a bipedal stance with eyes open, eyes closed and eyes open while performing a dual-task using a force plate and 39 reflective markers. COP data was analyzed by calculating the mean velocity, standard deviation and amplitude of displacement. Kinematic data was examined by performing a principal component analysis (PCA) and extracting postural movement components. Two variables were determined to investigate changes in amplitude (aVark) and in control (Nk) of the principal movement components. Results in aVark and in Nk agreed well with the predicted dual-tasking effects. Thus, the current study corroborates the notion that the MIP should be considered when investigating postural control under dual-tasking conditions.

scholarly journals Postural control in top-level female volleyball players

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Borzucka ◽  
Krzysztof Kręcisz ◽  
Zbigniew Rektor ◽  
Michał Kuczyński
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Volleyball Players

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the postural control of the Poland national women’s volleyball team players with a control group of non-training young women. It was hypothesized that volleyball players use a specific balance control strategy due to the high motor requirements of their team sport. Methods Static postural sway variables were measured in 31 athletes and 31 non-training women. Participants were standing on a force plate with eyes open, and their center of pressure signals were recorded for the 20s with the sampling rate of 20 Hz in the medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) planes. Results In both AP and ML planes, athletes had lower range and higher fractal dimension of the COP. They had also higher peak frequency than control group in the ML plane only. The remaining COP indices including variability, mean velocity and mean frequency did not display any intergroup differences. Conclusion It can be assumed that due to the high motor requirements of their sport discipline Polish female volleyball players have developed a unique posture control. On the court they have to distribute their sensory resources optimally between balance control and actions resulting from the specifics of the volleyball game. There are no clearly defined criteria for optimal postural strategies for elite athletes, but they rather vary depending on a given sport. The results of our research confirm this claim. Trial registration The tests were previously approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Chamber of Physicians in Opole. (Resolution No. 151/13.12.2007). This study adheres to the CONSORT guidelines.

The Effect of Physical Exercise on Postural Stability in Sighted Individuals and Those Who Are Visually Impaired: An Analysis Adjusted for Physical Activity and Body Mass Index

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Sadowska ◽  
Rafał Stemplewski ◽  
Robert Szeklicki
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mean Velocity

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of physical exercise on postural stability in sighted participants and individuals who are visually impaired, adjusted for potential modulatory effects of physical activity level and body mass index (BMI). The study included 23 participants who were severely visually impaired and 23 sighted participants. Postural stability measurements were taken with open eyes (session I) and with closed eyes (session II). During each session, the mean velocity of the center of pressure (COP) displacements was determined using a force plate both before and after physical exercise. During testing with open eyes, the 2 groups did not differ significantly in terms of their postural response to physical exercise. When examined with closed eyes, the individuals who were visually impaired showed markedly greater postexercise increase in mean velocity of the COP displacement in the mediolateral direction. This intergroup difference was likely a consequence of significantly higher preexercise values of posturographic parameters observed in the sighted participants. More pronounced postexercise changes in the postural stability of sighted participants were associated with lower levels of physical activity and higher values of BMI. Further research is needed to explain the character of the abovementioned relationships in individuals who are visually impaired.

The Effects of Acute Intense Physical Exercise on Postural Stability in Children With Cerebral Palsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Leineweber ◽  
Dominik Wyss ◽  
Sophie-Krystale Dufour ◽  
Claire Gane ◽  
Karl Zabjek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Risk Of Falls

This study evaluated the effects of intense physical exercise on postural stability of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Center of pressure (CoP) was measured in 9 typically developing (TD) children and 8 with CP before and after a maximal aerobic shuttle-run test (SRT) using a single force plate. Anteroposterior and mediolateral sway velocities, sway area, and sway regularity were calculated from the CoP data and compared between pre- and postexercise levels and between groups. Children with CP demonstrated significantly higher pre-SRT CoP velocities than TD children in the sagittal (18.6 ± 7.6 vs. 6.75 1.78 m/s) and frontal planes (15.4 ± 5.3 vs. 8.04 ± 1.51 m/s). Post-SRT, CoP velocities significantly increased for children with CP in the sagittal plane (27.0 ± 1.2 m/s), with near-significant increases in the frontal plane (25.0 ± 1.5m/s). Similarly, children with CP evidenced larger sway areas than the TD children both pre- and postexercise. The diminished postural stability in children with CP after short but intense physical exercise may have important implications including increased risk of falls and injury.

Quantitative Analysis of the Limits of Stability in Sitting

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Preuss ◽  
Milos R. Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Limits Of Stability ◽  
Base Of Support

This study defines the limits of stability in sitting, and quantitatively assesses two measures of postural control relative to these limits. Young, healthy subjects sat, feet unsupported, on an elevated force plate. The limits of stability were determined by a least square fit of an ellipse to the center of pressure (CoP) excursion during maximal leaning in 8 directions. These were highly symmetrical and centered within the base of support. The ellipses had a mean eccentricity of 0.66 (major axis in the sagittal plane) and covered an area approx. 1/3 of the base of support. The CoP was then monitored over 4 min of quiet sitting, during which the postural sway covered an area <0.05% of the limits of stability and was closely centered within the latter. Finally, target-directed trunk movements were performed, in 5 directions, at 4 movement speeds and 3 target distances. Increased target distance and movement speed both decreased the margin of stability (distance between the CoP and the limits of stability), as did movement in the frontal plane, reflecting the eccentricity of the limits of stability. These combined findings support the validity of this quantitative method of defining the limits of stability in sitting, for healthy individuals.

Coordination of hip and spine to maintain equilibrium in unstable sitting revealed by spectral analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Abdullah Alshehri ◽  
Wolbert van den Hoorn ◽  
David Klyne ◽  
Paul W. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Amplitude Spectrum ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Lower Lumbar ◽  
Eye Closure ◽  
Healthy Participants

Unstable sitting paradigms have been used to assess the trunk's contribution to postural control. The coordination of spine or hip with an unstable seat that underpin postural control during this task remain unclear. This study aimed to address this issue using analysis in the frequency domain. Seventy-two healthy participants maintained balance while sitting on a seat fixed to a hemisphere. Angular motion of seat, spinal regions (lower lumber, lumbar, upper lumbar and thoracic) and hip was recorded with a 3-D motion capture system. Coordination between spinal regions and hip with the seat was quantified using cross-spectral analyses. In the sagittal plane; amplitude spectrum of hip and lumbar segments were higher than other segments, coherence between these segments and the seat was high, and their motion was generally opposite in direction to the seat. In the frontal plane; amplitude spectrum of lower lumbar and lumbar segments, but not the hip, were higher than other segments, and coherently moved in the opposite direction to the seat. Segments closest to the seat made a direction-specific and greater contribution to maintenance of equilibrium than upper body segments, which were more limited during unstable sitting. Although eye closure and higher body mass index involved larger amplitude of center of pressure movement, rather than inferring poor control, this was associated with enhanced coordination between segments and seat. Understanding how hip/spine segments are coordinated with the seat is important to interpret postural strategies used to maintain equilibrium and to interpret observations for other populations (e.g., back pain).

scholarly journals The Effect of Training Experience on Postural Control in Competitive Wrestlers

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Rzepko ◽  
Sławomir Drozd ◽  
Patrycja Żegleń ◽  
Paweł Król ◽  
Wojciech Bajorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Training Experience

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of training experience in wrestling on postural control. Fourteen elite athletes with at least 8 years of wrestling training and competition experience participated in the study. The control group consisted of fifteen healthy adults who were not competitive athletes. The center of pressure (COP) trajectories were recorded with the use of an AMTI force plate at a sampling frequency of 50 Hz. The rambling-trembling decomposition method was used to analyze the COP trajectory data. The main finding was a significant effect of training experience on postural control in only the sagittal plane. Interestingly, significant differences in velocity were observed for the trembling component of the COP. All described variables were significantly higher in wrestlers. We hypothesized that balance training may lead to task-specific neural adaptations at the spinal and supraspinal levels. It was concluded that further research of high methodological quality is needed to determine the effect of training experience on balance control in elite athletes. Additionally, this effect should be observed in youth athletes, as it may be treated as a selection criteria in the training process.

Effect of Rear-Foot Orthotics on Postural Control in Healthy Subjects

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Hertel ◽  
Craig R. Denegar ◽  
W.E. Buckley ◽  
Neil A. Sharkey ◽  
Wayne L. Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Type Design ◽  
Single Leg Stance ◽  
Healthy Participants

Objective:To identify changes in sagittal- and frontal-plane center of pressure (COP) excursion length and velocity during single-leg stance under 6 orthotic conditions.Design:1 × 6 repeated-measures.Setting:University biomechanics laboratory.Participants:Fifteen healthy young adults without excessive forefoot, arch, or rear-foot malalignments.Measurements:Selected variables of COP length and velocity were calculated in both the frontal and sagittal planes during three 5-second trials of quiet unilateral stance.Methods:Postural control was assessed under 6 conditions: shoe only and 5 orthotics.Results:The medially posted orthotic caused the least frontal COP length and velocity, and the Cramer Sprained Ankle Orthotic® caused the greatest frontal-plane sway. No significant differences were found between the different orthotic conditions in sagittal-plane measures.Conclusions:Differently posted rear-foot orthotics had various effects on frontal-plane postural control in healthy participants. Further research is needed on pathological populations.

scholarly journals Is Postural Control Different in Boys and Girls? Comparison Between Sex

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391
Author(s):  
Jessica Caroliny de Jesus Neves ◽  
Aryane Karoline Vital Souza ◽  
Dirce Shizuko Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pressure Area

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare the postural control between eight-year-old boys and girls, considering the nutritional classification and level of physical activity. This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 346 participants, classified by the WHO AnthroPlus software, evaluated on the force platform and the Questionnaire Physical Activity for Children. The results demonstrated that girls showed lower values in relation to the opposite sex (p<0.001), in the center of pressure area (COP) (girls: 11.88 vs boys: 15.86cm2), Antero-posterior Amplitude (girl: 5.40 vs boy: 6.05cm), Medial-lateral Amplitude (girl: 3.97 vs boy: 4.40cm), Antero-posterior velocity (girl: 3.98 vs boy: 4.94cm/s), Medial-lateral velocity (girl: 3.98 vs boy: 4.59cm/s), Antero-posterior frequency (girl: 0.70 vs boy: 0.84Hz). Physical activity was associated with male sex (p=0.001; X2=11.195; odds ratio=0.372). In relation to the center of pressure of sedentary children, girls showed better postural control (p<0.001), but when we analyzed the center of pressure of both sexes who were active there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.112). The Z score of both sexes presented no difference in the center of pressure area (p=0.809 and p=0.785 respectively). Girls showed better postural control, while boys are more active; when both sexes performed physical activity COP area was similar. Therefore, special care should be taken when assessing postural control in boys and girls due to their differences in test performance and stage of development. As for interventions, exercise should be considered for better performance of the COP.

scholarly journals The Effects of Active Self-Correction on Postural Control in Girls with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: The Role of an Additional Mental Task

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Piątek ◽  
Michał Kuczyński ◽  
Bożena Ostrowska
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Mental Task

Due to balance deficits that accompany adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the potential interaction between activities of daily living and active self-correction movements (ASC) on postural control deserves particular attention. Our purpose was to assess the effects of ASC movements with or without a secondary mental task on postural control in twenty-five girls with AIS. It is a quasi-experimental within-subject design with repeated measures ANOVA. They were measured in four 20-s quiet standing trials on a force plate: no task, ASC, Stroop test, and both. Based on the center-of-pressure (COP) recordings, the COP parameters were computed. The ASC alone had no effect on any of the postural sway measures. Stroop test alone decreased COP speed and increased COP entropy. Performing the ASC movements and Stroop test together increased the COP speed and decreased COP entropy as compared to the baseline data. In conclusion, our results indicate that AIS did not interfere with postural control. The effects of the Stroop test accounted for good capacity of subjects with AIS to take advantage of distracting attentional resources from the posture. However, performing both tasks together exhibited some deficits in postural control, which may suggest the need for therapeutic consultation while engaging in more demanding activities.

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