scholarly journals Dose-Response Analysis of Exposure to Arsenic in Drinking Water and Risk of Skin Lesions: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932582095782
Author(s):  
Paolo Boffetta ◽  
Carlotta Zunarelli ◽  
Claire Borron
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
High Arsenic

Background: Exposure to high arsenic concentrations in drinking water has been associated with skin lesions. Our goal was to conduct a systematic review of studies on skin lesions and arsenic exposure, with emphasis on results at low level of exposure. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting estimates of either prevalence or risk of skin lesions associated with exposure to more than 2 levels of arsenic in drinking water. We reviewed and abstracted the relevant results, with the aim of conducting a dose-response meta-analysis. Results: Nine studies of skin lesions were reviewed. Strong heterogeneity in the results did not meet the criteria for performing a meta-analysis. The relative risks for an increase of 10 μg/L arsenic in drinking water ranged from 1.002 to 1.140 (p-value of heterogeneity < 0.0001). Protection from bias and confounding was inadequate in most studies. Conclusion: Current studies are inadequate to conduct meta-analysis on dose-response relationship between exposure to arsenic in drinking water and skin lesions. Studies with complete exposure histories indicate skin lesions are associated with arsenic exposure in excess of 50 µg/L or higher.

scholarly journals Positive Association of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) with Chronic Exposure to Drinking Water Arsenic (As) at Concentrations below the WHO Provisional Guideline Value: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingqian Xu ◽  
Debapriya Mondal ◽  
David A. Polya
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Guideline Value

To the best of our knowledge, a dose-response meta-analysis of the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and arsenic (As) exposure at drinking water As concentrations lower than the WHO provisional guideline value (10 µg/L) has not been published yet. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to estimate the pooled association between the relative risk of each CVD endpoint and low-level As concentration in drinking water both linearly and non-linearly using a random effects dose-response model. In this study, a significant positive association was found between the risks of most CVD outcomes and drinking water As concentration for both linear and non-linear models (p-value for trend < 0.05). Using the preferred linear model, we found significant increased risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality and CVD mortality as well as combined fatal and non-fatal CHD, CVD, carotid atherosclerosis disease and hypertension in those exposed to drinking water with an As concentration of 10 µg/L compared to the referent (drinking water As concentration of 1 µg/L) population. Notwithstanding limitations included, the observed significant increased risks of CVD endpoints arising from As concentrations in drinking water between 1 µg/L and the 10 µg/L suggests further lowering of this guideline value should be considered.

scholarly journals Dose-response meta-analysis of arsenic exposure in drinking water and hypertension

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e06409
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Amiri ◽  
Yaser Mokhayeri ◽  
Rasool Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Karami ◽  
Mansour Ghaderpoori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arsenic Exposure

scholarly journals Dietary and circulating vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and risk of total cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1872-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jayedi ◽  
Ali Rashidy-Pour ◽  
Mohammad Parohan ◽  
Mahdieh Sadat Zargar ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThe present review aimed to quantify the association of dietary intake and circulating concentration of major dietary antioxidants with risk of total CVD mortality.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingSystematic search in PubMed and Scopus, up to October 2017.ParticipantsProspective observational studies reporting risk estimates of CVD mortality across three or more categories of dietary intakes and/or circulating concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsA total of fifteen prospective cohort studies and three prospective evaluations within interventional studies (320 548 participants and 16 974 cases) were analysed. The relative risks of CVD mortality for the highest v. the lowest category of antioxidant intakes were as follows: vitamin C, 0·79 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·89; I2=46 %, n 10); vitamin E, 0·91 (95 % CI 0·79, 1·03; I2=51 %, n 8); β-carotene, 0·89 (95 % CI 0·73, 1·05; I2=34 %, n 4). The relative risks for circulating concentrations were: vitamin C, 0·60 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·78; I2=65 %, n 6); α-tocopherol, 0·82 (95 % CI 0·76, 0·88; I2=0 %, n 5); β-carotene, 0·68 (95 % CI 0·52, 0·83; I2=50 %, n 6). Dose–response meta-analyses demonstrated that the circulating biomarkers of antioxidants were more strongly associated with risk of CVD mortality than dietary intakes.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis demonstrates that higher vitamin C intake and higher circulating concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene are associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality.

scholarly journals Age at Menopause and Risk of Developing Endometrial Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yanjun Wu ◽  
Wenjun Sun ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Age At Menopause ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure

Object. The association of age at menopause with endometrial cancer remains controversial. Therefore, we quantitatively summarized the evidence from observational studies with a meta-analysis. Methods. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan Fang Med online up to March 2019, and all eligible case-control and cohort studies were included in the study. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model. The dose-response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline model. The heterogeneity among studies was evaluated by I2. Metaregression was used to explore the potential sources of between-study heterogeneity. Egger’s test was used to estimate publication bias. Results. Eighteen articles including 957242 subjects with 4781 cases were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RR (95%CI) of endometrial cancer for the highest versus the lowest age at menopause was 1.89 (95%CI: 1.58-2.26). For dose-response analysis, a nonlinear relationship was found between age at menopause and endometrial cancer, and the positive association became statistically significant when age at menopause was greater than 46.5 years old. Conclusions. This meta-analysis suggested that age at menopause was positively associated with endometrial cancer. For women whose menopausal age over 46.5 years old, the risk of endometrial cancer increased with the age at menopause.

scholarly journals Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Adult Mortality Risk: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of 207,291 Participants

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Wanich Suksatan ◽  
Sajjad Moradi ◽  
Fatemeh Naeini ◽  
Reza Bagheri ◽  
Hamed Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
All Cause Mortality

We performed a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of observational studies assessing the association between UPF consumption and adult mortality risk. A systematic search was conducted using ISI Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus electronic databases from inception to August 2021. Data were extracted from seven cohort studies (totaling 207,291 adults from four countries). Using a random-effects model, hazard ratios (HR) of pooled outcomes were estimated. Our results showed that UPF consumption was related to an enhanced risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.30; I2 = 21.9%; p < 0.001), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-cause mortality (HR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.37, 1.63; I2 = 0.0%; p < 0.001), and heart-cause mortality (HR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.50, 1.85; I2 = 0.0%; p = 0.022), but not cancer-cause mortality. Furthermore, our findings revealed that each 10% increase in UPF consumption in daily calorie intake was associated with a 15% higher risk of all-cause mortality (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.21; I2 = 0.0%; p < 0.001). The dose–response analysis revealed a positive linear association between UPF consumption and all-cause mortality (Pnonlinearity = 0.879, Pdose–response = p < 0.001), CVDs-cause mortality (Pnonlinearity = 0.868, Pdose–response = p < 0.001), and heart-cause mortality (Pnonlinearity = 0.774, Pdose–response = p < 0.001). It seems that higher consumption of UPF is significantly associated with an enhanced risk of adult mortality. Despite this, further experimental studies are necessary to draw a more definite conclusion.

scholarly journals Evaluation of low to Moderate Arsenic Exposure, Metabolism and Skin Lesions in a Turkish Rural Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Alshana ◽  
Beril Altun ◽  
Nusret Ertaş ◽  
Gonca Çakmak ◽  
Ela Kadioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Hair Samples

Abstract Background: There is no human data regarding exposure, metabolism and potential health effects of arsenic (As) contamination in drinking water in the Central Anatolian region, Turkey. Methods: Residents in the 10 villages with drinking water total As (T-As) level >50 µg/L and 10-50 µg/L were selected as an exposed group (n=420) and, <10 µg/L as a control group (n=185). Time-weighted average-As (TWA-As) intakes were calculated from T-As analysis of drinking water samples (DWS). Other metals in DWS, concentrations of T-As in urine and hair samples, urinary As species (S-As) (As (III), As (V), MMA-V and DMA-V), and some micronutrients in serum samples of residents were analyzed. Primary and secondary methylation indexes (PMI, SMI; respectively) were assessed from S-As concentrations. . Skin lesion presence was examined. Results: TWA-As intake was 75.15 ppb in exposed group. Urinary and hair T-As and urinary S-As concentrations were significantly higher in exposed group (p<0.05). PMI and SMI values are revealed that methylation capacities of the residents were efficient and there was no saturation in As metabolism. No significant increase was observed in the frequency of skin lesions (hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, keratosis) of exposed group (p>0.05). Only frequency of keratosis either at hand or foot was higher in individuals with hair As concentration >1 µg/g (p<0.05).Conclusion: Current study findings of chronic As exposure through drinking water of individuals living in the study area, could contribute to overall health risk assessment of regulatory agencies’ meta-analysis efforts on low-to moderate As exposure (<100 µg/L).

Association of breastfeeding status with risk of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review, dose-response analysis and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 101916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherief Ghozy ◽  
Linh Tran ◽  
Sadiq Naveed ◽  
Tran Thuy Huong Quynh ◽  
Ahmad Helmy Zayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Response Analysis

Cycling is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases and death: Part 1 – systematic review of cohort studies with meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (14) ◽  
pp. 870-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Nordengen ◽  
Lars Bo Andersen ◽  
Ane K Solbraa ◽  
Amund Riiser
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Quantitative Studies

ObjectivesPhysical inactivity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cycling as a physical activity holds great potential to prevent CVD. We aimed to determine whether cycling reduces the risk of CVD and CVD risk factors and to investigate potential dose-response relationships.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative studies.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe searched four databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and Scopus). All quantitative studies, published until August 2017, were included when a general population was investigated, cycling was assessed either in total or as a transportation mode, and CVD incidence, mortality or risk factors were reported. Studies were excluded when they reported continuous outcomes or when cycling and walking were combined in them. We pooled adjusted relative risks (RR) and OR. Heterogeneity was investigated using I.ResultsThe search yielded 5174 studies; 21 studies which included 1,069,034 individuals. We found a significantly lower association in combined CVD incidence, mortality and physiological risk factors with total effect estimate 0.78 (95% CI (CI): 0.74–0.82; P<0.001; I2=58%). Separate analyses for CVD incidence, mortality and risk factors showed estimates of RR 0.84 (CI, 0.80 to 0.88; P<0.001; I2=29%), RR 0.83 (CI, 0.76 to 0.90; P<0.001; I2=0%), and OR 0.75 (CI, 0.69 to 0.82; P<0.001; I2=66%), respectively. We found no dose-response relationship or sex-specific difference.ConclusionsAny form of cycling seems to be associated with lower CVD risk, and thus, we recommend cycling as a health-enhancing physical activity.Systematic review registrationProspero CRD42016052421.

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