scholarly journals Anthropometric Reference Data for International Use: Recommendations from a who Expert Committee

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes de Onis ◽  
Jean-Pierre Habicht
Keyword(s):  
Reference Data ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) convened an Expert Committee to re-evaluate the use of anthropometry at different ages for assessing health, nutrition, and social well-being. The Committee's task included identifying reference data for anthropometric indices when appropriate, and providing guidelines on how the data should be used. For foetal growth, the Committee recommended an existing sex-specific multiracial reference. In view of the significant technical drawbacks of the current National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)/WHO reference and its inadequacy for assessing the growth of breastfed infants, the Committee recommended the development of a new reference concerning weight and length/height for infants and children, which will be a complex and costly undertaking. Proper interpretation of mid-upper-arm circumference for pre-schoolers requires age-specific reference data. To evaluate adolescent height-for-age, the Committee recommended the current NCHS/WHO reference. Use of the NCHS body mass index (BMI) data, with their upper percentile elevations and skewness, is undesirable for setting health goals; however, these data were provisionally recommended for defining obesity based on a combination of elevated BMI and high subcutaneous fat. The NCHS values were provisionally recommended as reference data for subscapular and triceps skinfold thicknesses. Guidelines were also provided for adjusting adolescent anthropometric comparisons for maturational status. Currently, there is no need for adult reference data for BMI; interpretation should be based on pragmatic BMI cut-offs. Finally, the Committee noted that few normative anthropometric data exist for the elderly, especially for those over 80 years of age. Proper definitions of health status, function, and biologic age remain to be developed for this group.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Changes Among Healthy Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikhsan ◽  
Elman Boy
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Myocardial Contraction ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Changes ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Health Organization

World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health is one of the important and valuable values among the elderly. Aging is a progress of life in each individual. Unlike pathological conditions, the aging process will occurs in each individual. Elderly tend to experience physical, mental, and spiritual deterioration. The health status of each individual can have an impact on changes in cardiovascular function in the elderly. After each individual reaches the age of 30, heart-lung fitness decreases by 1% for each age, which increases by one year. At the age of 60, heart-lung fitness will decrease until 35%. The aim of conducting this literature review is to provide an understanding of the cardiovascular changes among healthy elderly. The main effects aging on the cardiovascular system are a changes in vascular structure, a decrease in vascular function, myocytes and atrial pacemaker cells, an increase in cardiac fibrous tissue, a decrease in the function of the ventricular, myocardial contraction, and cardiac output which results in impaired cardiovascular fitness among elderly.

scholarly journals Ensuring elderly well being during COVID-19 by using IoT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Prateek Pandey ◽  
Ratnesh Litoriya
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT As per the World Health Organization (WHO)[1], COVID-19 cases continue to surge, and the world must learn from this disaster. Most of the world economies are shattered due to this pandemic. The development of infrastructure to counter such deadly viral attacks in the future is the wisest investment that can be made. Another report from WHO [2] says that the elderly population is the most vulnerable section affected by the pandemic, and the threat to their life becomes manifold if they are living alone. Thus a well-formed elderly support framework is required to safeguard the vulnerable from COVID like disasters in the future. We report here on the research findings we conducted by laying out a mitigation system for elderly wellbeing during disastrous times. The proposed system demands a sound collaboration between software, hardware devices, the state, and social agencies.

scholarly journals ATUAÇÃO FISIOTERAPÊUTICA NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE NA TERCEIRA IDADE: PERCEPÇÕES DO IDOSO

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Carvalho Filgueiras ◽  
José Nilson Rodrigues Menezes ◽  
Maria Dorilane Ferreira Apolônio ◽  
Rafaele Teixeira Borges
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Health Organization

Resumo: A saúde é um fator essencial para o desenvolvimento humano e um dos campos de ação propostos no contexto da promoção da saúde é a criação de ambientes favoráveis. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), desde o ano de 2002, desenvolve uma política de saúde que preconiza o chamado envelhecimento ativo. A Fisioterapia , cujo objetivo de estudo é principalmente o movimento humano, colabora lançando mão de seus conhecimentos e recursos fisioterapêuticos com intuito de facilitar a compreensão dos fatores que possam acarretar em diminuição de qualidade de vida e bem estar nos idosos. A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral descrever a percepção dos idosos sobre a atuação da fisioterapia em um programa de promoção da saúde. A metodologia utilizada foi descritiva qualitativa na qual foram entrevistados 16 idosos que participam de um Programa de Assistência Fisioterapêutica dedicada à Terceira Idade no NAMI. Foram incluídos na pesquisa idosos que participavam regularmente do programa e excluídos idosos que obtiveram no total de 03 faltas consecutivas. O período de coleta foi de Maio a Julho de 2008, no qual foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada . Os resultados indicaram que a fisioterapia contribuiu, através do grupo, na vida dos idosos, motivando-os buscar um programa de assistência. A solidão é um dos grandes problemas na velhice. Assim era o dia a dia desses idosos antes de participar do programa de assistência, porém houve uma mudança de vida após o mesmo. Logo, pelo grupo investigado, observou-se que a fisioterapia contribui pra a promoção da saúde de idosos, através de grupos promotores de saúde que apresentam benefícios para o idoso e sua rede, estendendose ao seu processo de envelhecimento.  Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia; Gerontologia, Promoção de Saúde. Abstract: Health is an essential factor for human development and one of the fields of action proposed in the context of the health promotion is the creation of favorable environments. The World Health Organization (WHO) develops a health policy that advocates the so-called active aging since the year 2002. The Physiotherapy, which the objective of study is especially the human movement, collaborates through its knowledge and physiotherapeutic resources aiming to facili tate the understanding of the factors that may cause a decrease in the elderly well-being and quality of life. The research had as general objective to describe the elderly perception about the physiotherapy performance in a health promotion program. It was used a qualitative and descriptive methodology in which 16 elderly people who participate in a Program of Physiotherapeutic Assistance dedicated to the third age at NAMI were interviewed. It was included in the research the elderly people who had a regular participation in the program and excluded the ones who got a total of 03 consecutive absences. The period of collected data was from May to July 2008 when it was conducted a semi-structured interview. The results indicate that the Physiotherapy contributed through the group in the elderly lives, motivating them to look for an assistance program. The loneliness is one of the major problems in old age. The daily life of these elderly was like that before joining in the assistance program, but there was a change of life after the program. Therefore, it was observed in the investigated group that the Physiotherapy contributes to the elderly health promotion through promoters groups of health that present benefits to the elderly and his network, extending to the ageing process. Key words: Aged; Health Promotion; Physiotherapy.  

A Collaborative Study of a Proposed International Standard for Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA)

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
pp. 134-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Gaffney ◽  
A D Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
International Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Health Organization

SummaryAn international collaborative study involving seven laboratories was undertaken to assess which of three lyophilised preparations might serve as an International Standard (I.S.) for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Two of the preparations were isolates from human melanoma cell cultures while one was of pig heart origin. A clot lysis assay was used by all participants in the study.The data suggested that both preparations of human cell origin were comparable, in that their log dose-response lines were parallel, while that of the porcine preparation was not. Accelerated degradation studies indicated that one melanoma extract (denoted 83/517) was more stable than the other and it was decided to recommend preparation 83/517 as the standard for t-PA. The International Committee for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (Stockholm 1983) has recommended the use of this material as a standard and it has been established by the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization of the World Health Organization as the International, Standard for tissue plasminogen activator, with an assigned potency of 1000 International Units per ampoule.

Study the Anatomy and Physiology of Body's Urinary System and Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) for the Design an Intelligent Alarm System for Monitoring of FMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Shirzadfar ◽  
Narsis Gordoghli
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
International Association ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
World Health ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Health Organization

In recent years, chronic medical problems have become increasingly prevalent. Chronic ‎illnesses challenge the view of life as a regular and continuous process, a challenge that has ‎important psychological consequences. The long duration of people suffering from these ‎diseases, the long process of treatment and the fact that there is no proper and definitive ‎treatment for most of these diseases and their associated complications have made chronic ‎diseases a detrimental factor in public health. According to the World Health Organization ‎‎(2006), the prevalence of chronic and non-communicable diseases is increasing in all countries, ‎especially developing countries, so that the major challenge for the health system in the present ‎century, is not living people, but better adapted to chronic illnesses and maintaining their ‎mental and social health and well-being Ed's life-threatening chronic physical illness.‎ Chronic pain is a pain that lasts longer than usual, and according to the criteria of the ‎International Association of Pain, this time is defined as at least 3 months to 6 months. Chronic ‎pain is such that not only faced the sick person whit the pressure of the pain but also with many ‎other pressure that affect different parts of her life. Fibromyalgia is one of the most rheumatologic disorders and one of the most resistant chronic ‎pain syndromes. Fibromyalgia is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in adults ‎and chronic pain is one of the most common complaints in this group of patients.

scholarly journals How Loud and Clear Rung the Alarm Bell: The Communication Efforts of WHO on the Beginning of COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142110249
Author(s):  
Huriye Toker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
International Development ◽  
International Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Releases ◽  
The Media ◽  
Credible Information ◽  
Health Organization

As seen clearly from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health is an important foreign policy and diplomatic issue connected with security, economic well-being, and international development. According to risk communication researchers, effective, transparent, and timely information sharing is the most important tool after vaccines for responding to pandemics. This study aims to start a scholarly discussion on the risk communication efforts of the World Health Organization (WHO) during the COVID-19 outbreak. We analyzed WHO’s communication efforts during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the leading international health organization, WHO was responsible for providing rapid, up-to-date, and credible information for the public and the media. The selected research items were 42 news releases and statements provided by WHO between December 31, 2019, and March 30, 2020. These were subjected to qualitative and quantitative content analyses using the NVivo 12 qualitative analysis software program for coding. The data were coded under 6 variables (date of publication, topics, frequency, wording of the COVID-19 outbreak, sourcing, and themes of the releases). While 54.7% of WHO's communications were devoted to the COVID-19 outbreak, more than half were not issued until March. That is, instead of early risk communication and clear warnings about the outbreak, WHO acted overcautiously, preferring messages related to solidarity and cooperation during the most devastating pandemic of the 21st century.

Identification of determinants of healthy ageing in Italy: results from the national survey IDAGIT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erika Guastafierro ◽  
Ilaria Rocco ◽  
Rui Quintas ◽  
Barbara Corso ◽  
Nadia Minicuci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Ageing Model ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Healthy ageing is a public health problem globally. In Europe, the dependency ratio of the elderly is expected to increase by 21.6 per cent to 51.2 per cent in 2070. The World Health Organization (WHO) study on healthy ageing started in 2002 as a concept whereby all people of all ages should be able to live in a healthy, safe and socially inclusive way. The aim of this study is to present preliminary results of the project Identification of Determinants of Healthy Ageing in Italy (IDAGIT) that aimed to collect data on the active and healthy ageing of the Italian population aged over 18 using the conceptual framework of the WHO's ageing model. To link the determinants of the IDAGIT studies to those of the WHO model, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis which reported these variables as significant (in order of factor loading): smoking, cognition score, comorbidity, outdoor built environment, participation, working expertise and income. Considering comorbidity, 83.8 per cent of the sample declared not having any chronic diseases or to have only one, and regarding neurological diseases, only nine people had received a diagnosis of stroke. Regarding gender, the personal determinants and physical and social environments did not result in statistically significant differences, whereas we found statistical differences between the aged groups in all variables analysed. These results provide a first bio-psycho-social perspective on ageing in the Italian population.

scholarly journals Online Training in Specific Meditation Practices Improves Gratitude, Well-Being, Self-Compassion, and Confidence in Providing Compassionate Care Among Health Professionals

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Rao ◽  
Kathi J. Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
Clinician Training ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Meditation ◽  
Health Organization

Mind-body practices that intentionally generate positive emotion could improve health professionals’ well-being and compassion. However, the feasibility and impact of clinician training in these practices is unknown. Data were analyzed from 3 online modules offered to health professionals: ( a) Gratitude, ( b) Positive Word, and ( c) Loving-kindness/Compassion meditation. Paired t tests were used to assess pre- to posttraining changes in gratitude (Gratitude Questionnaire), well-being (World Health Organization Well-Being Index), self-compassion (Neff’s Self-Compassion Scale), and confidence in providing compassionate care (Confidence in Providing Calm, Compassionate Care Scale). The 177 enrollees included diverse practitioners (nurses, physicians, social workers, and others). Training was associated with statistically significant improvements in gratitude (38.3 ± 4.6 to 39.5 ± 3.3), well-being (16.4 ± 4.0 to 17.9 ± 4.2), self-compassion (39.5 ± 8.1 to 43.1 ± 7.6), and confidence in providing compassionate care (73.3 ± 16.4 to 80.9 ± 13.8; P < .001 for all comparisons). Brief, online training appeals to diverse health professionals and improves their gratitude, well-being, self-compassion, and confidence in providing compassionate care.

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