Relationship between Genetic Polymorphism of CYP1A1 at Codon 462 (Ile462Val) in Colorectal Cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.V. Pereira Serafim ◽  
I.D. Cotrim Guerreiro da Silva ◽  
N. Manoukian Forones
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Alcohol Users

Aims and background The enzyme cytochrome P450 plays an important role in the metabolization and detoxification of various compounds. CYP1A1 is a polymorphic enzyme and some of its alleles have been correlated with an increased risk of developing various types of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of the polymorphism A→G (Ile462Val, exon 7) in colorectal cancer patients and the correlation of this polymorphism with others risk factors. Patients and methods 114 Brazilian patients with colorectal cancer were matched by age and sex to 114 healthy individuals. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the genotypes of the polymorphisms were assessed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results In the case group 64 subjects were male, 53 were alcohol users and 68 were smokers. In the control group 61 were male, 67 were alcohol users and 53 smokers. There were 14 subjects with wild-type homozygous A/A, 97 with heterozygous A/G, and 3 with homozygous mutated G/G in the cancer group versus 81 subjects with wild-type homozygous A/A and 33 with heterozygous A/G in the control group. The presence of the G allele (OR 5.14, 95%CI 3.15–10.80) was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (p=0.001). The prevalence of smokers was higher in the cancer group (p=0.047, OR 1.71, 95%CI 1.03–3.11). Conclusion These results suggest a positive association between the A→G polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer. In addition, smoking was also a colorectal cancer risk. We did not find any correlation between this polymorphism and sex, grade of differentiation, stage, or evolution of the disease.

scholarly journals Relationship of Hydroxychloroquine and Ophthalmic Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8154
Author(s):  
Hung-Chih Chen ◽  
Hung-Yu Lin ◽  
Michael Chia-Yen Chou ◽  
Yu-Hsun Wang ◽  
Pui-Ying Leong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Increased Risk

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) via the national health insurance research database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. All patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (n = 47,353) in the NHIRD (2000–2012) were enrolled in the study. The case group consists of participants with diabetic ophthalmic complications; 1:1 matching by age (±1 year old), sex, and diagnosis year of diabetes was used to provide an index date for the control group that corresponded to the case group (n = 5550). Chi-square test for categorical variables and Student’s t-test for continuous variables were used. Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of DR. The total number of HCQ user was 99 patients (1.8%) in the case group and 93 patients (1.7%) in the control group. Patients with hypertension (aOR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.11–1.31) and hyperlipidemia (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.52–1.79) significantly increased the risk of diabetic ophthalmic complications (p < 0.001). Conversely, the use of HCQ and the presence of rheumatoid diseases did not show any significance in increased risk of DR. HCQ prescription can improve systemic glycemic profile, but it does not decrease the risk of diabetic ophthalmic complications.

scholarly journals Management of colorectal cancer in the era of COVID-19: Challenges and suggestions

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110106
Author(s):  
Walid Alam ◽  
Youssef Bouferraa ◽  
Yolla Haibe ◽  
Deborah Mukherji ◽  
Ali Shamseddine
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Virus Exposure ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
The Impact

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic had a huge impact on all sectors around the world. In particular, the healthcare system has been subject to an enormous pressure that has surpassed its ability in many instances. Additionally, the pandemic has called for a review of our daily medical practices, including our approach to colorectal cancer management where treatment puts patients at high risk of virus exposure. Given their higher median age, patients are at an increased risk for severe symptoms and complications in cases of infection, especially in the setting of immunosuppression. Therefore, a review of the routine colorectal cancer practices is needed to minimize risk of exposure. Oncologists should weigh risk of exposure versus the patient’s oncologic benefits when approaching management. In addition, treatment protocols should be modified to minimize hospital visits and admissions while maintaining the same treatment efficacy. In this review, we will focus on challenges that colorectal cancer patients face during the pandemic, while highlighting the priority in each case. We will also discuss the evidence for potential modifications to existing treatment plans that could reduce infectious exposure without compromising care. Finally, we will discuss the impact of the socio-economic difficulties faced by Lebanese patients due to a poor economy toppled by an unexpected pandemic.

Progesterone receptor (PROGINS) polymorphism and the risk of endometrial cancer development

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Junqueira ◽  
I. D.C.G. Da Silva ◽  
N. C. Nogueira-De-Souza ◽  
C. V. Carvalho ◽  
D. B. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Progesterone Receptor Gene ◽  
Risk Modifier

The progesterone receptor gene (PROGINS) has been identified as a risk modifier for benign and malignant gynecological diseases. The present case-control study is to evaluate the role of the PROGINS polymorphisms, as risk factor, for endometrial cancer development and to investigate the association between these genetics variants and clinical/pathologic variables of endometrial cancer. PROGINS polymorphism was examined in a total of 121 patients with endometrial cancer and 282 population-based control subjects, all located at the same area in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. The genotyping of PROGINS polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The frequencies of PROGINS polymorphism T1/T1, T1/T2, and T2/T2 were 82.6%, 14.9%, and 2.5% in the endometrial cancer patients and 78.4%, 21.6%, and 0% in the controls, respectively. The χ2 test showed a higher incidence of the T2/T2 genotype in the endometrial cancer group subjects, these results were statistically different (P= 0.012). However, due to the fact that there were no women in the control group showing homozygosis for the allele T2, the correct evaluation of odds ratio could not be properly calculated. Regarding the clinical and pathologic findings observed within the group of patients with endometrial cancer, there was significant correlation between T1/T2 genotype and the presence of myoma (P= 0.048). No correlations were observed among the other variables. These data suggest that the PROGINS polymorphism T2/T2 genotype might be associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer.

scholarly journals A prospective case control study of the effects of oligohydramnios on fetomaternal outcome in mothers with term pregnancy in a rural medical college

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4706
Author(s):  
Dipak Mandi ◽  
Sayantan Sen ◽  
Vasundhara Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nicu Admission

Background: The aim of the current study was to assess the fetomaternal effects of oligohydramnios on term pregnancies in a rural tertiary care setup.Methods: A perspective case control hospital-based trial was conducted at Burdwan Medical College and Hospital for a period of one year. Pregnancies at term (37-42 weeks) were included in the study. 103 patients with sonographically diagnosed oligohydramnios were included in the case group. The control group comprised of 103 mothers at term with normal liquor volume. Demographic data and fetomaternal outcome parameters were assessed and compared.Results: There was increased incidence of fetal and perinatal complications including low birth weight, birth asphyxia and NICU admission. There were more perinatal deaths in the case group compared to the control group. Induction of labour, operative delivery, meconium stained liquor and incidence of preeclampsia were also increased in mothers with low AFI.Conclusions: Oligohydramnios is associated with an increased risk of labour and perinatal complications. Adequate antenatal surveillance and intranatal monitoring coupled with correction of underly-ing factors is the mainstay of management.

scholarly journals Impact of polymorphisms in DNA repair genes XPD, hOGG1 and XRCC4 on colorectal cancer risk in a Chinese Han Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexi Jin ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Hongjun Hua
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Chinese Han Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Han Population ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hogg1 Gene ◽  
Repair Genes

Abstract Background: This research aimed to study the associations between XPD (G751A, rs13181), hOGG1 (C326G, rs1052133) and XRCC4 (G1394T, rs6869366) gene polymorphisms and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Chinese Han population. Method: A total of 225 Chinese Han patients with CRC were selected as the study group, and 200 healthy subjects were recruited as the control group. The polymorphisms of XPD G751A, hOGG1 C326G and XRCC4 G1394T loci were detected by the RFLP-PCR technique in the peripheral blood of all subjects. Results: Compared with individuals carrying the XPD751 GG allele, the A allele carriers (GA/AA) had a significantly increased risk of CRC (adjusted OR = 2.109, 95%CI = 1.352–3.287, P=0.003). Similarly, the G allele (CG/GG) of hOGG1 C326G locus conferred increased susceptibility to CRC (adjusted OR = 2.654, 95%CI = 1.915–3.685, P<0.001). In addition, the T allele carriers (GT/TT) of the XRCC4 G1394T locus have an increased risk of developing CRC (adjusted OR = 4.512, 95%CI = 2.785–7.402, P<0.001). The risk of CRC was significantly increased in individuals with both the XPD locus A allele and the hOGG1 locus G allele (adjusted OR = 1.543, 95%CI = 1.302–2.542, P=0.002). Furthermore, individuals with both the hOGG1 locus G allele and the XRCC4 locus T allele were predisposed to CRC development (adjusted OR = 3.854, 95%CI = 1.924–7.123, P<0.001). The risks of CRC in XPD gene A allele carriers (GA/AA) (adjusted OR = 1.570, 95%CI = 1.201–1.976, P=0.001), hOGG1 gene G allele carriers (CG/GG) (adjusted OR = 3.031, 95%CI = 2.184–4.225, P<0.001) and XRCC4 gene T allele carriers (GT/TT) (adjusted OR = 2.793, 95%CI = 2.235–3.222, P<0.001) were significantly higher in patients who smoked ≥16 packs/year. Conclusion: Our results suggest that XPD G751A, hOGG1 C326G and XRCC4 G1394T gene polymorphisms might play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis and increase the risk of developing CRC in the Chinese Han population. The interaction between smoking and these gene polymorphisms would increase the risk of CRC.

scholarly journals Correlation between IL-10 as Cancer Biomarker and Demographic Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rahin Sh Hamad ◽  
Bushra H. Shnawa ◽  
Shereen J. Al-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is classified as one of the most prevalent cancer types worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Patients of CRC have been shown to express a detectable cytokine in serum which contributes to cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, the serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) level in CRC patients was investigated in this study. Patients' medical records with CRC admitted to the Rizgary and Nanakali hospitals, Erbil, Iraq was analyzed as the study group compared to the healthy volunteers' control group. Seventy-one serum samples were collected, thirty-one from diagnosed CRC patients and forty from healthy controls. The concentrations of IL-10 in the sera were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The present finding showed that IL-10 Was significantly elevated in CRC patients' sera compared to the control group, suggesting confirmation of its usefulness for detecting CRC patients' prognosis. A non-significant Pearson correlation was detected between IL-10 serum levels and the CRC group's age, gender, and body mass index. Herein is the first study on the evaluation of IL-10 levels in CRC patients in Kurdistan, Iraq.

Association between statin use and the risks of glaucoma in Australia: a 10-year cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-318789
Author(s):  
Yixiong Yuan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xianwen Shang ◽  
Ruilin Xiong ◽  
Jason Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The People ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Statin Use

SynopsisIn a cohort of middle-aged and elderly Australians, we found that long-term statin use was associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset. As to subtypes of statins, the increased risk was only found in rosuvastatin users.PurposeTo investigate the relationship between statin use and glaucoma onset in a 10-year longitudinal study.MethodsThis nested case–control study was based on data from a large-scale cohort of Australians aged over 45 years old. Medication exposure was identified by claims records from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme during the follow-up period (2009–2016). The onset of glaucoma was defined as the people with at least three claims of antiglaucoma medications. Controls matched by age, gender and cardiovascular diseases were selected from participants without prescription of antiglaucoma medications. A conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association between statin use and glaucoma onset.ResultsThe proportion of statin users was higher in the case group (40.5%) than that in the control group (38.4%). After adjusting for baseline characteristics and longitudinal claims records, statin use was not associated with glaucoma onset (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.11). However, an increased risk of glaucoma onset was observed in participants with a longer duration of statin use (>3 years vs <1 year: OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.21). With respect to specific types of statins, participants taking rosuvastatin were more likely to suffer from glaucoma (OR 1.11, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.22). The use of other statins was not significantly associated with glaucoma onset.ConclusionsLong-term statin use was found to be associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset in this study. Regarding specific types of statins, the increased risk of glaucoma onset was only observed in users of rosuvastatin.

scholarly journals Risk of Urticaria in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Shih-Yi Lin ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Cheng-Chieh Lin ◽  
Wu-Huei Hsu ◽  
Chung-Y. Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been linked to many autoimmune problems. The association between T1DM and urticaria warrants investigation. Data were extracted from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Participants with T1DM were recruited as the case group, and that group was matched by sex and age at a ratio of 1:4 to the control group comprising those without T1DM. The study period was 1998–2011. All participants were followed up to the diagnosis of urticaria, withdrawal from the insurance program, death, or the end of the study. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the adjusted and crude hazard ratios for urticaria. A total of 5895 participants (1179 in the case group and 4716 in the control group) were followed up in the study. The total incidence rate of urticaria in patients with type 1 DM was 26.6 per 1000 person-years, and that in controls was 6.85 per 1000 person-years. Compared with the control group, the hazard ratio of urticaria in the case group was 2.84 (95% CI = 2.27–3.56). Compared with age-matched participants without T1DM, patients with type 1 DM aged <18 years had a 3.62-fold higher risk of urticaria (95% CI = 2.85–4.59). The hazard ratio in patients with an adjusted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) score of 1.01–2.00 per year was 2.57 (95% CI = 1.18–5.57), and that in patients with an aDCSI score of >2.00 per year was 4.47 (95% CI = 2.68–7.47). T1DM patients aged <18 years had an increased risk of urticaria, but a similar phenomenon was not observed among T1DM patients older than 18 years.

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