Perceived coach-created environment directly predicts high school athletes’ physical activity during sport

Sport participation is an important means for adolescents to achieve moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), yet most high school students including athletes do not achieve the 60-minute daily MVPA guideline. As psychosocial factors influence athlete engagement and physical activity during sport, the perceived environment created by coaches could play a role in this influence. Guided by self-determination and achievement goal theories, this four-month prospective study examined the direct and indirect effects of perceived coach-created environment on high school athletes’ MVPA and sedentary behavior (SB) during sport. During the third to fourth week of a sport season, 225 high school athletes ( Mage = 15.24 years) completed a survey assessing perceptions of coach-created empowering and disempowering climates as well as psychological need satisfaction and frustration. Four months later, their MVPA and SB percentage times (%) during sport were measured using accelerometers. Path analyses partially supported our hypothesis, indicating significant direct effects of a perceived empowering climate on need satisfaction (β = .41) and need frustration (β = –.29), and direct effects of a perceived disempowering climate on need frustration (β = .38) and MVPA% (β = –.28). No significant indirect effects on MVPA% or SB% were found. Findings support and provide new insights into the important role of disempowering beyond empowering climates in predicting high school athletes’ PA. Specifically, when coaches display ego-involving and controlling behaviors, high school athletes may disengage during sport and achieve less overall MVPA. Further examination of these relationships using a longitudinal design across more diverse samples is warranted.

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Retrospective evaluation of high school primary physical activities and adulthood physical activity need satisfaction

Sport Science Review ◽

10.1515/ssr-2016-0010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (3-4) ◽

pp. 183-198

Author(s):

Matthew R. Bice ◽

James W. Ball ◽

Thomas Parry ◽

Megan Adkins

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

Sport Participation ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Psychological Need ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Health Organization ◽

Psychological Need Satisfaction

Abstract Presumably, individuals are taught skills throughout their primary education that are required to live a healthy lifestyle throughout the lifespan. The primary purpose of this study was to assess adult psychological need satisfaction in relation to high school participation. Participation included university employees and students of two mid-sized universities and members of a state health organization. Participants (n = 512) completed the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise (PNSE) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The current study found modest associations between measured motivation constructs on physical activity levels. Standardized coefficients report competence and autonomy had a significant effect on physical activity in predicting adult physical activity levels. Results of this study provide insight into the determinants underlying the development of physical activity tendencies in adults and suggest high school physical education and sport participation have an equal influence on adult physical activity levels.

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Basic Psychological Need Profiles and Correlates in Physical Activity Participation: A Person-Centered Approach

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.675639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Chunxiao Li ◽

Chee Keng John Wang ◽

Koon Teck Koh ◽

Kwang San Steven Tan ◽

Shern Meng Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Physical Literacy ◽

Psychological Need ◽

High Satisfaction ◽

Need Frustration ◽

Activity Enjoyment ◽

Very High

Guided by Basic Psychological Need Theory, we investigated the combined associations between need satisfaction and need frustration (i.e., need profiles) and their relations with theoretically relevant correlates including mindfulness, physical literacy, physical activity enjoyment, and physical activity. The participants were Singapore-based school students (N = 844, Mage = 12.45, SDage = 1.99, boys = 53.1%) who completed a cross-sectional survey. The results of the latent profile analysis identified four distinct need profiles: profile 1–average satisfaction and frustration (n = 364, 44.1%); profile 2–low satisfaction (n = 251, 29.7%), above average frustration; profile 3–very high satisfaction, very low frustration (n = 144, 17.1%); and profile 4–high satisfaction, very high frustration (n = 85, 10.1%). Among these, profile 3 was the most adaptive one; it had the highest levels of mindfulness, physical literacy, physical activity enjoyment, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Experiences of need satisfaction countered the negative effects of need frustration on these correlates. These findings enhance our understanding of students’ psychological need experiences and highlight the need for investigating the combined associations between need satisfaction and need frustration.

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Retrospective Evaluation of High School Sport Participation and Adult BMI Status, Physical Activity Levels, and Motivation to Exercise

American Journal of Health Studies ◽

10.47779/ajhs.2016.136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

James Ball ◽

Matthew Bice ◽

Thomas Parry

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

Sport Participation ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Team Sports ◽

Activity Levels ◽

School Sport ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

High School Sport ◽

Individual Sports

Previous research reports that children who are physically active are more likely to be active adults. The primary purpose of this study was to retrospectively examine participants’ high school sport type and compare current adult Body Mass Index (BMI) status, physical activity (PA) level, and motivation to exercise. Adults who participated in individual sports reported to have a significantly higher number of individuals in the normal BMI category (F = 16.25, p < 0.05). Participants who competed in individual sports while in high school reported to partake in significantly more days of vigorous physical activity as an adult (F = 5.7, p < .05). The two exercise motivation constructs competence (r = .361, p < .01) and relatedness (r = .219, p < .01) were found to be the most prominently associated with overall physical activity levels between both individual and team sport participants. There were more days of vigorous PA and more individuals in the normal BMI category who participated in individual sports. The current study does not neglect the importance of team sports, but suggests that schools and communities should consider offering more individual sports/activities and emphasize the acquisition of individual skills associated with lifelong activities.

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Youth sport participation and physical activity in rural communities

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-021-00570-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Debra K. Kellstedt ◽

Michaela A. Schenkelberg ◽

Ann M. Essay ◽

Mary J. Von Seggern ◽

Richard R. Rosenkranz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Sport Participation ◽

Family Income ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Random Effect ◽

Youth Sport ◽

Comparison Groups ◽

Youth Sport Participation ◽

6Th Graders

Abstract Background Physical activity, a high-frequency health behavior, varies by where children live, learn, and play. Children accumulate physical activity in adult-led in-school and out-of-school settings. Youth sport is a potential setting for physical activity, but there are differences in youth sport participation based on age, sex, and socioeconomic status. There is a gap in understanding demographic influences on youth sport participation and how these factors interact to influence physical activity. This study examines influences of grade, sex, and family income on youth sport participation and these factors and youth sport participation on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of children in rural communities. Methods Children (n = 418 3rd–6th graders) living in two rural communities completed the online Youth Activity Profile as part of Wellscapes, a type 3 hybrid implementation-effectiveness community randomized trial. Mixed models with community as a random effect examined main effects and interactions of grade, sex, and family income on youth sport participation and these factors and youth sport participation on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results About 80% of children engaged in youth sport, and full-pay lunch students were almost four times more likely to have youth sport participation than students with free/reduced lunch (OR = 3.91, 95% CI = 1.95, 7.8). Females and 6th graders (p < 0.05) had lower physical activity than comparison groups. Males with higher family income had greater physical activity; females with higher family income had less physical activity. For 6th graders, high family income had less effect on physical activity than similar 3rd-5th graders (p < 0.01). Conclusions While a fairly high percentage of children participate in youth sports, there are disparities in rural communities on youth sport participation and physical activity outcomes based on age, sex, and family income.

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School-Based and PRECEDE-PROCEED-Model Intervention to Promote Physical Activity in the High School Students: Case Study of Iran

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n9p271 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 271 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Baratali Rezapour ◽

Firoozeh Mostafavi ◽

Hamid Reza Khalkhali

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

High Schools ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

School Students ◽

School Based Intervention ◽

School Based ◽

Sedentary Life Style

OBJECTIVES: Students attend sedentary life style and less like vigorous physical activity. This study investigated the effects of School-based intervention on increasing physical activity for decreasing obesity among high-school obese and overweight boys, based on the components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model, to participate in median - vigorous physical activity among the first Period of high school boys in the city of Urmia, IranMETHODS: This study was an experimental intervention that conducted at 4 high schools that were divided into 2 groups of intervention (40) and the control (40) male students, schools in junior high schools in Urmia.RESULTS: Three and six months after the intervention, significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups of schools, in the amount of students’ participation in vigorous physical activity (p<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, the school-based intervention and components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model had a positive impact on the improvement of physical activity and decrease in physical inactivity among the students.

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Walk Score and objectively measured physical activity within a national cohort

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2017-210245 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 549-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Erica Twardzik ◽

Suzanne Judd ◽

Aleena Bennett ◽

Steven Hooker ◽

Virginia Howard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Direct Effects ◽

Walk Score ◽

National Cohort ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

The Relationship ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity ◽

Daily Time

BackgroundThere have been mixed findings regarding the relationship between walkability and level of physical activity in adults.MethodsParticipants from The REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) national cohort (N=7561) were used to examine the association between Walk Score and physical activity measured via accelerometry. The subsample included geographically diverse adults, who identified as black or white, and were over the age of 45. Linear regression was used to examine the direct effects, as well as the interaction, of Walk Score by sex, age and race.ResultsThe majority of participants lived in a ‘Very Car-Dependent’ location (N=4115). Only 527 lived in a location that was ‘Very Walkable/Walker’s Paradise’. Living in a location with a Walk Score of ‘Very Car-Dependent’ compared with ‘Very Walkable/Walker’s Paradise’ was associated with 19% (0.81; 95% CI 0.73 to 0.90) lower predicted minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day, after adjustment for covariates. There was no evidence of statistically significant interactions between Walk Score and sex, age or race (p>0.05).ConclusionAccumulated daily time in moderate to vigorous physical activity was higher for participants living in neighbourhoods designated as ‘Very Walkable/Walker’s Paradise’. This effect was not moderated by sex, age or race of participants.

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Preliminary effects and acceptability of a co-produced physical activity referral intervention

Health Education Journal ◽

10.1177/0017896919853322 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 (8) ◽

pp. 869-884 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Benjamin JR Buckley ◽

Dick HJ Thijssen ◽

Rebecca C Murphy ◽

Lee EF Graves ◽

Greg Whyte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Complete Case ◽

Definitive Trial ◽

Psychological Measures ◽

Exercise Referral

Objectives: To explore the preliminary effects and acceptability of a co-produced physical activity referral intervention. Study Design: Longitudinal design with data collected at baseline and post a 12-week physical activity referral intervention. Setting: Community leisure centre. Methods: In all, 32 adults with controlled lifestyle-related health conditions took part in a physical activity referral intervention (co-produced by a multidisciplinary stakeholder group) comprising 12 weeks subsidised fitness centre access plus four behaviour change consultations. A complete case analysis ( t-tests and magnitude-based inferences) was conducted to assess baseline-to-12-week change in physical activity, cardiometabolic, and psychological measures. Semi-structured interviews were conducted ( n = 12) to explore experiences of the intervention. Results: Mean improvements were observed in cardiorespiratory fitness (3.6 mL kg-1 min-1 [95% confidence interval: 1.9–5.4], p < .001) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (12.6 minutes per day [95% confidence interval: 4.3–29.6], p = .013). Participants were positive about the support received from exercise referral practitioners, but experienced some challenges in a busy and under staffed gym environment. Conclusions: A co-produced physical activity referral intervention elicited short-term improvements in physical activity and cardiometabolic health. Further refinements may be required, via ongoing feedback between stakeholders, researchers and service users, to achieve the intended holistic physical activity focus of the intervention, prior to a definitive trial.

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High School Youth and Suicide Risk: Exploring Protection Afforded Through Physical Activity and Sport Participation

Journal of School Health ◽

10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00342.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (10) ◽

pp. 545-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Lindsay A. Taliaferro ◽

Barbara A. Rienzo ◽

M. David Miller ◽

R. Morgan Pigg ◽

Virginia J. Dodd

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Sport Participation ◽

School Youth

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One-year changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents: the Croatian Physical Activity in Adolescence Longitudinal Study (CRO-PALS)

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2017-0223 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lovro Štefan ◽

Maroje Sorić ◽

Antonela Devrnja ◽

Vilko Petrić ◽

Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Secondary School ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Evaluation System ◽

School Health ◽

Sport Participation ◽

Action Planning ◽

School Students

Abstract Background Little is known about the concurrent change in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sport participation (SP) during adolescence. The main purpose of this prospective and partly objective study was to simultaneously investigate PA, SBs and SP changes between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school in urban adolescents. Methods In this 1-year follow-up study, the participants were 81 secondary-school students (28 boys and 53 girls) aged 15.5 years at the baseline. PA was assessed with the SenseWear Armband multi-sensor activity monitor, while SBs were assessed by using School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES) PA questionnaire. The SHAPES questionnaire was supplemented with two questions inquiring about SP in organized sports in school and outside of school. Results PA decreased markedly in both genders between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was reduced by 13 kcal/kg/day on average in boys and by 10 kcal/kg/day in girls (p for both <0.001), while mean daily active energy expenditure (AEE) decreased by 7 kcal/kg/day (p < 0.001) and 3 kcal/kg/day (p = 0.04) in boys and girls, respectively. Similarly, the amount of moderate PA declined by 49 min/day in boys and 21 min/day in girls (p for both <0.001). At the same time vigorous PA was cut by 14 min/day (p < 0.001) and 3 min/day (p = 0.003) in boys and girls, respectively. Conversely, time spent in SBs did not show any change. Conclusion In conclusion, a decline in PA between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school was marked but was not accompanied with an increase in SBs. Policies aimed at increasing PA should be targeting the period of entering secondary school to offset the observed drop in PA.

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Examining the Relationships Among Cognitive Acceptance, Behavioral Commitment, Autonomous Extrinsic Motivation, and Physical Activity

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.2018-0276 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 177-184

Author(s):

Matthew Jenkins ◽

Elaine A. Hargreaves ◽

Ken Hodge

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Extrinsic Motivation ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Psychological Need ◽

Direct Pathway ◽

Research Designs

This study examined the relationships among cognitive acceptance, behavioral commitment, psychological need satisfaction, autonomous extrinsic motivation (EM) for physical activity (PA), and PA behavior. Participants (N = 456, M age = 40.7 years) completed online measures of these variables, and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results indicated a direct pathway from behavioral commitment to autonomous EM, plus indirect effects via autonomy, competence, and relatedness. There was no direct pathway from cognitive acceptance to autonomous EM, but there were indirect effects via competence and autonomy satisfaction. There was a direct pathway from cognitive acceptance to self-reported PA plus indirect effects via autonomous EM. There was no direct pathway from behavioral commitment to self-reported PA, but there were indirect effects via autonomous EM. Cognitive acceptance and behavioral commitment potentially support the development of autonomous EM for PA. Future research using longitudinal and intervention-based research designs is required to determine the causal relationships among these variables.

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