Negative spaces: Terrorist attempts to erase cultural history and the critical media coverage

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-281
Author(s):  
Adam Klein
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Critical Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Popular Magazines ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Over Time

The recent annihilation of the ancient Assyrian city of Nimrud by ISIS represents a disturbing trend in how some terrorist groups are trying to erase historical sites for the cultures they communicate. This study explores how one of these devastated spaces is still expressed in the media years after its destruction by examining another act of iconoclasm that occurred in 2001 when the Taliban annihilated the 1,500-year-old Buddhas of Bamiyan statues. The research explores the conception of negative spaces in communication and the means by which they are created through warfare and terrorism. A frame and critical analysis of popular magazines then assesses how the Bamiyan Buddhas’ identity has been transformed over time, and some of the journalistic practices that have enabled these renderings. The results reveal how the Buddhas have gradually become journalism’s touchstone for modern cultural terrorism, while in 70 percent of the coverage the site’s actual history has been replaced by the narrative of its destruction.

scholarly journals The Struggle for Control: How do Norwegian TV-Celebrities Deal With Critical Media Exposure?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Fanny Duckert ◽  
Kim Edgar Karlsen
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Defensive Strategies ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
The Press ◽  
Critical Media ◽  
The Media

Ten Norwegian TV-hosts, all nation-wide celebrities, were interviewed about their experiences with critical media exposure. How did they perceive their relationship with the press?  What were the main sources of stress? How did they cope? All expressed a strong focus on impression management and self-presentation. The majority described an independent and often playful interaction with the press, in order to keep control over their programs and their privacy.All had experienced negative media exposure. Sources of stress were one-sided presentations, evil informers, personal attacks, and harming their family. They experienced both direct effects by the media coverage, and indirect effects through interaction with other people.The majority used problem-focused coping strategies, actively influencing the media coverage; emotion-focused strategies, regulating their thoughts and feelings; and meaning-focused strategies, allowing reflection. Proactive self-presentation work helped maintain and protect their identities.Two of the participants reported using more defensive strategies, and had suffered more intensely.

Samba, sun and social issues: How the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Rio Olympics changed perceptions of Germans about Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-622
Author(s):  
Christiana Schallhorn
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
The Media ◽  
Crime Risk ◽  
Over Time

The host countries for mega-sporting events aim to become more visible and to be perceived positively by the global audience because of the media coverage around the event. The media’s influence on people’s perceptions is expected to be particularly high if the audience has no direct experience and little prior knowledge of the hosting nation, and thus depends on the media for information. Using a panel survey ( N = 76) with three rounds of data collection, this longitudinal study explores how television viewers’ perceptions of Brazil changed from before the 2014 FIFA World Cup to after this event, and after the 2016 Olympic Games hosted by Brazil. The results indicate that perceptions about topics related to Brazil (e.g. crime risk, standard of living, economic situation) have generally become more negative over time. Further, although associations with Brazil were very positive before the FIFA World Cup, respondents tended to associate more negative ideas with Brazil over time. Surprisingly, the intention to travel to Brazil increased after Brazil hosted the FIFA World Cup and the Olympics. Broader international significance of the findings for both host countries of mega-sporting events and broadcasting countries are discussed.

Are Direct to Consumer Advertisments of Prescription Drugs Educational?: Comparing 1992 to 2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Jon Curry ◽  
Jeff Jarosch ◽  
Shelley Pacholok
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Direct To Consumer ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Logic ◽  
Popular Magazines ◽  
Over Time

We investigate the educational value of direct-to-consumer (DTC) prescription drug advertisements from 58 popular magazines published in 1992 and 2002. We find that the number of DTC prescription drug ads increased nine-fold from 1992 to 2002, while the advertisements for other health care products increased only slightly. We examine changes in 1992–2002 DTC prescription drug ads both quantitatively and qualitatively. We find that the educational value as it relates to serious medical conditions decreases over time based on the media logic that the primary purpose of advertisements is to promote consumption, rather than education. We enumerate and describe the media logic tactics employed, and find a statistically significant increase in the number of such tactics per ad in 2002.

Down, Set, Frame: Second-Level Agenda Building and the NFL Network Carriage Dispute

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent Seltzer ◽  
Stephen W. Dittmore
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
Agenda Building ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
The Media ◽  
Over Time

This study used second-level agenda-setting and agenda-building theory as a framework for investigating media coverage of the NFL Network carriage dispute and how NFL and cable operators attempted to frame this issue via their respective public relations efforts. National, regional, and trade media stories over a 2-year period were content analyzed along with corporate press releases. Results indicated that the NFL and cable operators in particular were framed negatively in media coverage. However, the percentage of positive media stories was much higher for the NFL than for the cable operators. The findings suggest that initially the NFL was more effective in having its messages resonate with the media than were the cable operators. As the issue evolved over time and fans were faced with the prospect of missing key games, the media framing of the debate shifted the blame from the cable companies to both cable operators and the NFL.

Sexist Acts in Sports: Media Reactions and Forms of Apologia

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet S. Fink ◽  
John F. Borland ◽  
Sarah K. Fields
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sports Media ◽  
Women In Sport ◽  
The Media ◽  
Practical Implications

Critical analysis of media coverage is vital as scholars have long suggested that what the media choose to cover and how they choose to cover it have incredible influence on audience perceptions. Therefore, how the media cover negative incidents and sexist comments relative to women in sport can illuminate the manner in which they reinforce or challenge the hegemonic nature of sport. This study critically examined the media’s reaction to 5 specific sexist incidents in sport from 2004 to 2007 and the reactions of the perpetrators themselves and their defenders as represented in the media. Articles (N = 278) covering the incidents from 5 large newspapers representing different areas of the United States were analyzed. Results indicated that there were 4 strategies of apologia (i.e., denial, bolstering, transcendence, and differentiation), and 2 other themes, silence and marginalized sexism, emerged. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.

Conflict Media Strategies and the Politics of Counter-Terrorism

Politics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomo Shpiro
Keyword(s):  
War On Terror ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
The Media ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Second World ◽  
Over Time

This article argues that the events of 11 September 2001, and the subsequent ‘war on terror’, have highlighted the role of the media in both the coverage and conduct of modern conflict. The article concentrates on the ‘conflict media strategies’ pursued by belligerents and examines the development and refinement of such strategies over time, from the Second World War through to the conflict in Afghanistan. Using data from Vietnam, the Falklands, the Gulf, Kosovo and other conflicts, I argue that an effective conflict media strategy is an essential tool of warfare that is used by states and terrorist groups alike.

scholarly journals Media’s Role in Televised Media Coverage and Its Influence on Terrorist Attacks in Nairobi County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Kenwilliams Nyakomitah ◽  
Panuel Mwaeke ◽  
Lydia Mareri
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Public ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
The Media

With the turn of the century, Kenya’s capital, Nairobi, has had its share of terrorist activity. Due to their nature, global media houses have centred on these occurrences as they have formed the focal point during their immediacy. This has led to the rise of media; in all its variety, as a reliable ate truthful source of information: on the other hand, terrorists have used the media as a veritable and strong propaganda tool. This is in line with the main aim and intent of terrorism; the spread of fear and it also feeds to the belief by various terrorist groups that media is one of their biggest investments. This study sought to examine media’s role in televised media coverage and it’s influence on terrorist attacks in Nairobi County, Kenya. The sample size for the study was derived from 110 officers from the Anti-Terror Police Unit, a section of the Directorate if Criminal Investigations and informants numbering to 14 from television editors, freelance reporters, and across civil society. The data was collected through questionnaires and interview guides for the officers from ATPU and respondents from the media and civil society respectively. It was further analysed using SPSS and presented through the use of frequency distribution tables and bar graphs; other modes include inferential statistics of linear regression and Chi square. The study revealed that there was a significant effect on the security situation in Nairobi due to televised media coverage of terrorist attacks. The study revealed a significant relationship between media coverage of terrorist incidents and increased insecurity in Nairobi. (χ2 = 9.499a, p = 0.023). The recommendations include the development of proportionality in the reporting on terrorist attacks. This is because an overemphasis on terrorist threats has an inadvertent advancement of terrorism and terrorist activities. There is therefore a need for care by journalists lest they be used as vehicles of propaganda by terrorists. This is due to the power that is inherent in misinformation in denying the general public independent reporting and the resultant understanding that comes with it. It is recommended that there be a limit as to the amount and type of information released to the media and eventually to the public in the event of a terrorist attack; this helps in averting the spread of terrorist propaganda and the misinformation of the public.

scholarly journals Trust in Science, Perceived Media Exaggeration About COVID-19, and Social Distancing Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariadne Neureiter ◽  
Marlis Stubenvoll ◽  
Ruta Kaskeleviciute ◽  
Jörg Matthes
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Psychological Reactance ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
The Media ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Over Time

For many individuals, the media function as a primary source of information about preventative measures to combat COVID-19. However, a considerable number of citizens believe that the media coverage about pandemics is exaggerated. Although the perception of media exaggeration may be highly consequential for individual health behaviors, we lack research on the drivers and consequences of this perception. In a two-wave panel study, we examined associations between trust in science, perceptions of media exaggeration about COVID-19, and social distancing behavior during the lockdown in Austria (NT2 = 416). Results showed that trust in science at T1 led to less perceptions of media exaggeration about COVID-19 at T2. Furthermore, consistent with the theory of psychological reactance, perceptions of media exaggeration about COVID-19 at T1 caused less social distancing behavior at T2. Thus, findings suggest that trust in science may positively affect individuals' social distancing behavior by decreasing perceived media exaggeration about COVID-19 over time. Implications for research on media effects in times of COVID-19 and conclusions for journalists are discussed.

The 2015 refugee crisis, uncertainty and the media: Representations of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in Austrian and French media

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (s1) ◽  
pp. 841-863
Author(s):  
Anita Gottlob ◽  
Hajo Boomgaarden
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Media ◽  
Over Time

AbstractMedia coverage of migration and migrants can exert considerable influence on the public’s understanding of and attitudes towards migration. During the peak of what has been called ‘the refugee crisis’ in 2015, heated discussions about immigration and its possible impact filled the media landscape. This study focuses specifically on the news framing of insecurities regarding immigration, exploring what we have termed ‘uncertainty frames’ in the coverage of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants. This study will thus lend empirical support to a novel attempt to combine the concepts of uncertainty, risk, and framing. These frames were analyzed within French and Austrian media from 2015 to 2016. Drawing on a content analysis of tabloid and broadsheet articles, different types of uncertainty frames (economy, values, society, etc.) as well as different types of solution frames (the kind of solutions provided for the issue of immigration) were examined. Results suggest that even though all frames decrease in salience over time, important variations in different types of uncertainty frames do appear. It is argued that frames related to abstract issues seem to stay more salient throughout time in both countries.

scholarly journals Wolf Media Coverage in the Region of Castilla y León (Spain): Variations over Time and in Two Contrasting Socio-Ecological Settings

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Miguel Delibes-Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
The North ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Conservation Values ◽  
The Media ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Over Time

People’s attitudes towards large carnivores, and thus public support for their conservation, can be influenced by how these species are framed in the media. Therefore, assessing media coverage of large carnivores is of particular interest for their coexistence with humans. I used content analysis to assess how the grey wolf was portrayed in a newspaper in northern Spain, how wolf media coverage varied over time (2006–2017), and in two different socio-ecological settings. Most documents addressed the conflictive relationship between the wolf and livestock (60%; n = 902). Moreover, coverage of this relationship increased over the study period in the south of the study area, where the wolf is strictly protected, has recolonised new localities, and damage to livestock has increased. Overall, other topics, such as wolf conservation or hunting, appeared much less frequently in the media, but predominated in the north of the study area, where the wolf is more abundant and huntable. Conflictive issues like wolf-livestock interactions are generally attractive for audiences, but drawing attention to this issue may compromise the management of conflicts associated with wolves. Ideally, the media should promote potential wolf conservation values if coexistence between wolves and humans is sought.

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