Presa della parola: A review and discussion of oral history and the Italian 1968

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Bonomo
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
1960S And 1970S

Among the common definitions of 1968, the most telling is that of a collective presa della parola (the capture of speech, or the act of starting to speak). Students, workers, women and ‘ordinary’ people began to speak out and speak for themselves, refusing the established systems of representation and delegation in the name of participation and direct democracy. In Italy, the development of oral history owed much to the participatory and democratising ethos of 1968, and oral history has long been viewed as a methodology enabling a collective presa della parola. Exploring the body of historical works on the Italian 1968, this article looks at the contribution oral history has made to a better understanding of the student revolt and the social movements in the late 1960s and 1970s. Attention is directed to the diversity of ways in which oral sources are used in historical research, to their potential and limits for studying past events, experience, subjectivity and memory, and to some key theoretical and methodological issues raised by their use.

Dramaturgy of the Body: Marcello Moretti's Construction of Arlecchino at the Piccolo Teatro of Milan

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Houle
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Commedia Dell'arte ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

In this article Gabrielle Houle examines the dramaturgical process that actor Marcello Moretti applied to his creation of Arlecchino's body in Giorgio Strehler's globally acclaimed productions of The Servant of Two Masters at the Piccolo Teatro of Milan between 1947 and 1960. She provides a critical analysis of Moretti's interdisciplinary and trans-historical research and creative process, including his study of iconographic representations of the commedia dell’arte, his observation of farmers in Padua in the mid-twentieth century, and the connections he made between his life experiences and his understanding of Arlecchino. She then examines Moretti's acting style, signature postures, and footwork, both as the international press described them and as she observed them in a video recording and in photographs of the productions. The article, based on extensive archival research at the Piccolo Teatro and on interviews with artists who knew both Moretti and Strehler, concludes with a discussion of Moretti's legacy within and beyond Italy. Gabrielle Houle is a theatre scholar, educator, and artist specializing in the recent staging history of the commedia dell’arte, contemporary mask-making practices, and masked performance. She has taught in several Canadian universities, and is a member of the Centre for Oral History and Tradition at the University of Lethbridge, where she is also an Adjunct Assistant Professor.

scholarly journals Doing nothing does something: Embodiment and data in the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395172093393
Author(s):  
Mickey Vallee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Current

The COVID-19 pandemic redefines how we think about the body, physiologically and socially. But what does it mean to have and to be a body in the COVID-19 pandemic? The COVID-19 pandemic offers data scholars the unique opportunity, and perhaps obligation, to revisit and reinvent the fundamental concepts of our mediated experiences. The article critiques the data double, a longstanding concept in critical data and media studies, as incompatible with the current public health and social distancing imperative. The data double, instead, is now the presupposition of a new data entity, which will emerge out of a current data shimmer: a long-sustaining transition that blurs the older boundaries of bodies and the social, and establishes new ethical boundaries around the (in)activity and (im)mobility of doing nothing to do something. The data double faces a unique dynamic in the COVID-19 pandemic between boredom and exhaustion. Following the currently simple rule to stay home presents data scholars the opportunity to revisit the meaning of data as something given, a shimmering embodied relationship with data that contributes to the common good in a global health crisis.

scholarly journals Los derechos sociales como crítica del modelo neoliberal: antagonismos emergentes en el Chile Actual

2017 ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Simón Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Accumulation By Dispossession ◽  
Democratic Administration ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Cycle ◽  
The Common ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

<p><strong>Resumen </strong></p><p>A partir del ciclo de movilizaciones iniciado los años 2010-2011 se comienza a hablar de una crítica al modelo neoliberal instalado en el país durante la dictadura y vigente hasta nuestros días. Se planteará que el neoliberalismo puede ser caracterizado en dos ejes estructurantes, el de la acumulación -acumulación por desposesión- y el de su gubernamentalidad –caracterizada principalmente por dispositivos asociados a la separación de lo político y lo social y la enajenación de la agencia política del pueblo-. Observando estas dimensiones teóricas del neoliberalismo en el modelo neoliberal chileno, se argumentará que el ciclo de movilizaciones mencionado, expresará la emergencia -aun no acabada- de un movimiento de confrontación estructural a ese modelo.  La clave de esta lectura reside en la convergencia de las demandas de los diferentes movimientos sociales en los “Derechos Sociales”. Conceptualmente, pero también en lo que han sido las demandas concretas de estos, la idea de derechos sociales se opondrá al modelo en los dos niveles planteados anteriormente, al exigir una distribución diferente de los recursos -nivel de la acumulación- y la administración democrática de los mismos -nivel de las técnicas de gobierno.  Así, el conflicto actual daría cuenta del choque de dos racionalidades antagónicas, la neoliberal (que sería una lógica de la acumulación ilimitada, o de la desposesión continua) y la de los Derechos Sociales (que sería una lógica de lo común). <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Palabras claves: </strong>Neoliberalismo, Acumulación, Gubernamentalidad, Derechos Sociales</p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Social Rights as a critique of the neoliberal model: emerging antagonism in Chile</em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>Since years 2010-2011 when the current cycle of mobilization started, it begins a wave of critique to the Chilean neoliberal model. In this paper it will be argued that, theoretically, the neoliberalism could be characterized in two structuring axes: the model of accumulation -accumulation by dispossession- and its governmentality. Observing these two theoretical dimensions of neoliberalism in the “Chilean model”, it will be sustained that the mentioned cycle of mobilization would be an expression of the -not realized yet- emergency of a movement that would confront the model structurally. The key of this argument is in the concept of “Social Right”, that became the central demand of the different social movements. This concept will be central because it is going to oppose to the neoliberal model in its two structuring dimensions, since it implies a different distribution of the resources -level of accumulation- and a democratic administration of them -level of the governmentality. Thus, the current conflict would be rendering account of the clashing of two antagonistic rationalities -in foucaultian sense-, the neoliberal one (that would be a logic of unlimited accumulation) and the Social Rights one (that would be a logic of the common)</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Neoliberalism, Accumulation, Governmentality, Social Rights</p>

Turning the tide: a role for social movements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryn Jones ◽  
Mike O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Democratic Tradition ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter continues the book’s focus on social justice and change agents by identifying these concerns in the evolution of social movements. The authors argue that, in addition to making explicit criticisms of neoliberalism, social movement campaigners and their networks could also play similar roles to those previously taken by labour movement organisations as advocates and facilitators of classical social democracy. Their emphasis on more direct democracy in socio-economic governance might stimulate a revival of this recently neglected element in the social democratic tradition. In this respect the relationship between prominent social movement activists and progressive parties is likely to be crucial in future years. In particular movement activists may need to determine whether they can achieve a strong relationship between the progressive forces of civil society and a Labour Party potentially revitalized in its egalitarian and democratic vision. The key challenge is to channel the energy and idealism of civil society groups into more far-reaching political and social transformation.

Post-hibernation behavior of a population of garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis)

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith E. Bramble ◽  
Owen J. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thamnophis Sirtalis ◽  
Garter Snakes ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Blocking Activity ◽  
The Common

AbstractThe post-hibernation breeding activities of a small population of the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) were followed in the vicinity of their hibernaculum or den in St. Louis Co., Missouri, USA during the springs of 1981-85, inclusive. Individual males could emerge as early as mid-February and remain at the den and its immediate vicinity for three or more weeks. Each day, after elevating their body temperatures, males patrolled the ground surface within 2-3 m of the den entrance. During patrolling activities, males investigated each other at frequent intervals and often returned to re-enter the den briefly. Upon partial re-emergence, one or more males would assume a position such that the head and anterior portion of the body were elevated. This "blocking" activity may be a behavioral mechanism that controls access to the den by competing males and egress by females. Numerous males simultaneously court a single female. The social organization of garter snakes is compared to that typified by lek species and several similarities are noted.

scholarly journals The Problem of Symbolic Interaction and of Constructing Self

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-89
Author(s):  
Krzysztof T. Konecki
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
The Body ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
The Social ◽  
Kinesthetic Empathy

In the article we make an analysis of a thesis that verbal symbolic interaction is a necessary condition of constructing self. The main concepts used in the paper are: symbolic interaction, self and corporality. The aforementioned thesis and the concept of symbolic interaction originate from G.H Mead, who set the trend of thinking about interaction in human society in sociology and social psychology. This influence is noticeable up to this day. Symbolic interaction as a tool of understanding others actions and informing partners about our intensions is clearly visible in “languagecentred” and anthropocentrically oriented analyses of interactions as well as in the concentration on linguistic conditions of creating a self. Self is understood as an interpreted concept of a person but mainly in a process of social perception of a human by others occurring in interactions based on verbal language. In the article we want to develop a thesis about “nonlinguistic” possibilities of constructing interactions and self. The aforementioned thesis has been many times elaborated so far together with critical analyses of G. H. Mead (Irvin, 2004, Sanders, 1993, 1999, 2003; Myers, 1999, 2003). We want to integrate these elaborations, including our empirical experiences from a research on “The Social World of Pet’s Owners’ (research done in 2001-2005) on theoretical level and concentrate more on corporality and emotions issues and their relations to symbolic interaction and self. G.H. Mead’s views on this topic are analysed with regard to their methodological consistency and adequacy. In the article there is another thesis proposed, that interactions between animals also have meanings and, sometimes, symbolic nature, or sometimes, non symbolic one, and not necessarily related to use of a verbal language. The creation of self is connected with issues of corporality that includes: 1. nonverbal communication, 2. a relation of bodies in physical space, 3. the so called “kinesthetic empathy”, 4. emotions connected with body, mind and self processes. These elements of corporality may be the basis for taking the role of other. Researches and analyses of many sociologists (beginning from Ch. H. Cooley) show that self is often pre-verbal and that exclusion of an individual from her/his surroundings takes place also with the aid of the body and emotions tightly connected with functioning of self. The analysis of interactions between humans and animals provides us with much methodological and theoretical inspiration. Those researches and analyses obviously face a problem of “anthropomorphization of human behaviour”, which is of frequent occurrence both among researchers and ordinary people. New sociological sub-discipline called the sociology of human - non-human animals relationships adds a lot of new threads to the abovementioned deliberations on conditions of constructing self.

scholarly journals Władza społeczna — alternatywa w czasach kryzysu

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-42
Author(s):  
Bartosz Ślósarski
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Occupy Wall Street ◽  
American Student ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Counter Culture ◽  
The 1960S

This article provides a comparative analysis of the functioning of direct democracy within two social movements, operating in different socio-cultural conditions: the American student movement of the 1960s, and the Occupy Wall Street (OWS) move ment of 2011. The author assumes that the idea of direct democracy is evolving in terms of tactics and consistently developing in the course of succeeding social movements and struggles. To prove the point, the author analyzes student counter-culture organizations and OWS in regard to their relation to violence, the idea of alternative governance by the social movement, human relations inside the movement, and the concept of the enemy in respect to which the alternative is being formed.

scholarly journals A terra como bem-comum na memória do Direito brasileiro

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-31
Author(s):  
Sandra Regina Martini ◽  
Vanessa Chiari Gonçalves ◽  
Bárbara Bruna de Oliveira Simões
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

 O artigo trata da terra,  memória e direito com o objetivo de reconsiderar a terra como bem comum da humanidade, as referências jurídico políticas e sociais utilizadas são as brasileiras até a década de 80, pois entendemos que a nova Constituição embora apresente avanços significativos, não é suficiente para enfrentar a complexidade do direito ao bem comum terra. O direito precisa retomar a memória para cumprir sua função de evitar e compor conflitos, ou seja, o direito tem uma função preventiva, deve operar prevenindo e compondo conflitos advindos das mais diversas instâncias, em especial, neste artigo, dos Movimentos Sociais, sem os quais não é possível pensar na terra como bem da comunidade, pois são os movimentos sociais que trazem para o cenário jurídico-político a conflitualidade da sociedade, por isso são sistemas autoreferenciais de comunicação, que se inserem nos sistemas jurídico e político como reação da própria sociedade diferenciada funcionalmente. Assim, constrói-se a ideia de terra como um bem comum da humanidade, passando pela cooperação entre o local e o global. Abstract The article deals with land, memory and law with the objective of reconsidering land as a common good of humanity, the legal and political references used are Brazilian until the 1980s, since we understand that the new Constitution does is sufficient to face the complexity of the right to the common good land. The law needs to retake the memory to fulfill its function of avoiding and composing conflicts, that is, the right has a preventive function, it must operate preventing and composing conflicts arising from the most diverse instances, especially in this article of the Social Movements, without which it is not possible to think of the land as a community good, because it is the social movements that bring to the juridical-political scenario the conflict of the society, for that reason they are self-referential systems of communication, that are inserted in the legal and political systems as a reaction of the own society functionally differentiated. Thus, the idea of land is constructed as a common good of humanity, through the cooperation between local and global.  

Rhetoric and Social Movements

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina R. Foust ◽  
Raisa Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
Media Activism ◽  
Symbolic Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Moral Universe ◽  
Feminist Theories

What moves the social? And what is rhetoric’s relationship to social movement? Since 1950, scholars studying the art of public persuasion have offered different answers to these questions. Early approaches to social movements defined them as out-groups that made use of persuasion to achieve goals and meet persistent challenges. However, protest tactics that flaunted the body and spectacle (e.g., 1960s-era dissent) challenged early emphasis on social movements as nouns or “things” that used rhetoric. Influenced by intersectional feminist theories and movements that featured identity transformations (along with ending oppression) as political, rhetoric scholars began to view “a social movement” as an outcome or effect of rhetoric. Scholars treated movements as “fictions,” identifying the ways in which these collective subjects did not empirically exist—but were nonetheless significant, as people came to invest their identities and desires for a new order into social movements. Scholars argued that people manifested “a social movement’s” presence by identifying themselves as representatives of it. More recently, though, rhetoric scholars emphasize what is moving in the social, by following the circulation of rhetoric across nodes and pathways in networks, as well as bodies in protest. Inspired by social media activism, as well as theories of performance and the body, scholars concentrate on how symbolic action (or the affects it helps create) interrupts business as usual in everyday life. To study rhetoric and social movement is to study how dissent from poor and working-class people, women, people of color, LGBTQ activists, the disabled, immigrants, and other non-normative, incongruous voices and bodies coalesce in myriad ways, helping move humanity along the long arc of the moral universe that bends toward justice.

scholarly journals Discursive archaeology: constituting knowledge of militant nurses in trade associations

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1128-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deybson Borba de Almeida ◽  
Gilberto Tadeu Reis da Silva ◽  
Genival Fernandes de Freitas ◽  
Maria Itayra Padilha ◽  
Igor Ferreira Borba de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Professional Issues ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Biomedical Knowledge ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
Nursing Curricula ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the constituting knowledge of militant nurses in trade associations. Method: Historical research, based on the oral history method, with a qualitative approach carried out with 11 nurses who are/were militants for professional issues since the 1980s in the state of Bahia. The data collected through semi-structured interviews were organized in the software n-vivo 10 and analyzed based on dialectical hermeneutics. Results: We identified pedagogical, administrative, public health, sociological, and trade union background knowledge as constituent of militant individuals. Final considerations: The constituting knowledge of militant nurses are inscribed in the Social Sciences, distanced from biomedical knowledge and power, pointing at ways for structuring nursing curricula. We identified the Brazilian Association of Nursing as a space for political formation.

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