An SFL Approach to Biden’s Inauguration Speech after Winning the Presidential Election: Compensation

The US election is an influential event, not just in the USA itself but in the world. The present study aims to analyze Joe Biden’s inauguration speech after winning the presidential election in January 2021 and becoming the 46th president of the United States. Moreover, this paper attempts to investigate the USA’s possible policies toward their own nation and, of course, the other countries. This analysis goes through predicting probable upcoming policies of Biden’s administration comparing to the previous president of the USA, Donald Trump, who breached several international agreements. To this end, Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics (SFL) (Halliday, 1978; Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014) has been employed in Biden’s first speech after winning the election and beginning of the democratic administration to observe his political intentions by means of a critical approach and using appraisal resources of Martin and White (2007) to clarify the attitude, graduation, and engagement of his speech. Overall, designating the number of vocabularies related to any of the mentioned appraisal resources, it is concluded that Biden’s tendency, based on his inauguration speech and the lexical and grammatical (‘lexicogrammar) choices, is to compensate Trump’s actions, such as breaching 2015 JCPOA agreement and breaking 2015 Paris Climate Accord, and make peace with whom Trump had fueled conflicts.

Democratic Administration and Commitment of Members of Agricultural Cooperatives: A Case Study from a Prefecture in Greece

Cooperatives are democratic organizations, governed and controlled by their members, who are actively involved in their policy-making and decision-making process. The aim of this paper is to investigate the correlation between cooperative culture and the way that cooperatives are governed. To this end, a probability sampling method is used in the agricultural cooperatives of the Greek prefecture of Larissa, which is one of the most powerful and dynamic in the agricultural economy. The data collection was carried out to 100 members of agricultural cooperatives through the use of a closed-ended questionnaire. The findings highlighted that agricultural cooperatives are distinguished for their increased level of cooperative culture and commitment, provided that the conditions for the democratic governance of cooperatives are met. The role played by the level of education of the members of the agricultural cooperatives was also important, thus confirming the main purpose of the research, which was none other than to prove this correlation. Finally, this correlation can lead to the improvement of certain elements which contribute to the optimization of agricultural governance.

Autonomous Administration of Corporation through Workers Participation in Management

Workers participation in management, also known as WPM, is an advanced type of labour management cooperation that guarantees the concept of autonomous and democratic administration of a company in order to achieve peace and harmony in the workplace. As a consequence, a greater understanding and mutual trust may be established between the company and the employees. A constant communication between them helps to maintain industrial harmony and increase worker loyalty. This plan contributes to increased output and productivity, as well as the equitable distribution of productivity gains, via more effective management and improved industrial relations. However, all of the efforts undertaken by the government, employers, and other employees to increase the involvement of workers in industrial management have fallen short of the goals for which they were intended in India. This research examines Women's Participation in Medicine (WPM) in India and makes an effort to determine the reasons for low participation rates. It also makes some useful recommendations for overcoming the issue

US Democrats' foreign policy debates to grow

Significance In the race to nominate a Democratic presidential candidate, one of the major dividing lines has been whether to return to the party’s 2016 agenda or advocate systemic overhaul. While the race so far has not dwelt much on foreign policy, a similar debate is being held among thought leaders. One of the main questions is what the fundamental infrastructure of US foreign policy should be if the Democrats win the White House next November -- updated liberal internationalist or ‘neo-progressive’ -- and how, therefore, to respond to precedents set by Trump. Impacts A Democratic administration would prioritise rehabilitating existing international institutions before creating new ones. This would likely mean re-establishing (if possible) the Iran nuclear talks. New institutions would be most likely for newer areas, two of these being climate change and global corruption. Economic sanctions would continue as a foreign policy tool but may be weakened.

Independent Regulatory Agencies and Their Reform

Chapter 8 explores the issue of independent regulatory agencies. Independent regulatory agencies are seen as a serious challenge to democratic administration. They are government organizations of unelected officials, they often resist even mild audit attempts and they are very vulnerable to corruption, rent-seeking, regulatory capture and revolving door problems. The chapter notes first why independent regulatory agencies may nonetheless respond to a genuine need, namely they are one way of addressing “common-pool regulatory problems”, i.e. controversial but hard to be decentralized problems. Then the chapter presents an approach leading to a better understanding of the independent regulatory agencies’ operations and to their possible improvement. An in-depth look questions thus the conventional wisdom regarding IRAs and their functioning in the larger architecture of contemporary governance systems.

Autonomous Generated Income of Three Levels of Government and Money Supply in a Democratic Administration: The Case Study of Nigeria

The study provides statistical proof of the influence of autonomous generated income of the three levels of government on money supply in the present day democratic administration in Nigeria. The study uses ex post facto research design and annual time series data ranging from 2000-2017. The data are obtained from CBN Statistical Bulletin 2017 edition and CBN Annual Reports and Ordinary Least Squares technique is employed to analyze them with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The findings reveal that Federal Government Independent Revenue (FGIR) and State government Independent Revenue (SGIR) impact on money supply positively and significantly while the Local Government Independent Revenue has insignificant positive impact on money supply. The policy implication of the results is that government revenue under the autonomous control of the three levels of government in Nigeria has a lot of influence on money circulating in the economy and therefore, stringent monetary policies should be applied to regulate it in order to prevent inflationary economic situation in the country.

US Democrats’ gains could see wide labour reform

Subject The outlook for US labour and unions amid Democratic Party gains. Significance Labour unions have traditionally given powerful backing to Democratic and progressive causes. With the Democrats holding additional state and federal-level seats from January 2019, an active question is what this means for organised labour. This year has seen a resurgence of labour activism, but at the same time the legal and regulatory environment has become less favourable to organised labour, for instance with court rulings limiting labour union participation. Impacts A Democratic administration or Congress could repeal federal right-to-work laws post-2020. Democrats could push to classify contract workers as employees for the purposes of collective bargaining or benefits. Strikes such as the November 2018 mass walkout at Google over sexual harassment policy will increase in frequency. Media firms will see further unionisation, which the media will then cover, increasing labour leaders’ perceived clout. Greater education-related spending by some states will see spending cuts or tax rises elsewhere later.