Influence of training on dorsal tangential radiographic view to detect screw protrusion after anterior plating of the distal radius: a cadaveric study

In this cadaveric study of anterior plating of the distal radius, we aimed to determine the interobserver agreement and diagnostic performance for detecting dorsally protruding screws using the dorsal tangential radiographic view before and after specific training. Without prior instruction, 13 observers interpreted the dorsal tangential view of cadaveric specimens, in which anterior radial plates were placed. After seeing a training video on the dorsal tangential view, they repeated the task. Though we found that accuracy and interobserver agreement was lower than described in some other clinical series, training led to statistically significant improvements of (1) the interobserver agreement on the decision to exchange screws, (2) the self-confidence of the surgeon in obtaining adequate views, and (3) the number of fluoroscopic images required to obtain these views. After training, the number of protruding screws missed was reduced by 36%, but 7% of dorsally protruding screws was still missed.

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Crohn's disease evaluated with magnetic resonance enteroclysis: diagnostic performance of experienced and inexperienced readers before and after training

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1080/02841850802409539 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 49 (9) ◽

pp. 967-974 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Negaard ◽

A. Mulahasanovic ◽

L. A. Reisaeter ◽

K. Aasekjaer ◽

L. Sandvik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Small Bowel ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Terminal Ileum ◽

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Interobserver Agreement ◽

Training Evaluation ◽

Before And After ◽

Magnetic Resonance Enteroclysis

Background: Magnetic resonance enteroclysis (MRE) is suggested to become the preferred radiological method in small-bowel Crohn's disease (CD). However, the performance of inexperienced readers may influence the diagnostic value of the method and has not been previously investigated. Purpose: To compare readings of MRE in small-bowel CD performed by experienced and inexperienced readers before and after training. Material and Methods: One experienced radiologist (observer 1) and two trainees (observers 2 and 3) reviewed 60 MRE examinations. A second reading was performed after training. Bowel wall thickness (BWT), ulcers (BWU), stenosis (BWS), fistulas (FIS), and abscesses (ABS) were evaluated. A reference standard based on clinical records was established. Results: BWT in the terminal ileum was evaluated with high diagnostic performance (sensitivity: observer 1, 83%; observer 2, 72%; observer 3, 78%). Only BWU was diagnosed with a higher sensitivity by observer 1 (78% vs. 33% and 39%, respectively; P=0.02). False-positive findings for BWT in the jejunum (observer 2: 7; observer 3: 4) and fistulas and abscesses (observer 2: 11/5; observer 3: 5/4) were made by the trainees. Interobserver agreement in the jejunum was poor (observer 1/observer 2: κ=0.23; observer 1/observer 3: κ=−0.03) and in the ileum good (observer 1/observer 2: κ=0.78; observer 1/observer 3: κ=0.73). After training, evaluation of BWU (observer 2: 56%, P=0.22; observer 3: 44%, P=0.03), BWT (observer 2: 2; observer 3: 2), and interobserver agreement in the jejunum improved (observer 1/observer 2: κ=0.66; observer 1/observer 3: κ=0.66). However, the number of diagnosed fistulas and abscesses remained high. Conclusion: Before training, most findings of Crohn's disease in the terminal ileum were evaluated with high diagnostic performance by all readers. However, the inexperienced readers evaluated BWU with a low sensitivity and overestimated the number of FIS, number of ABS, and increased BWT in the jejunum. After training, evaluation by inexperienced readers of BWU and increased BWT in the jejunum improved.

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PETTLEP imagery and tennis service performance: an applied investigation

Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity ◽

10.1515/jirspa-2019-0013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Nafih Cherappurath ◽

Masilamani Elayaraja ◽

Dilshith A. Kabeer ◽

Amila Anjum ◽

Paris Vogazianos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Training Session ◽

Performance Outcomes ◽

Service Performance ◽

Control Group ◽

Specific Training ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Imagery Training ◽

Before And After ◽

Junior Tennis

AbstractTennis is one of the most popular and widely played sports enjoyed by players of different age groups and genders as a profession as well as a mode of recreation. A novel method, PETTLEP imagery combines both conventional and non-conventional style of training of an athlete and improves one’s performance. This study aimed to analyze the tennis service performance of junior tennis players based on PETTLEP imagery training. Forty-four junior male tennis players (Mage=13.22 years, SD=0.42) were selected for the study. The investigator handed over the MIQ-R questionnaire to all the participants in which they scored 16 and above points as per previous research. The participants were equally divided (n=11) into three experimental groups (E1, E2, and E3) and a control group. The service performance outcomes of all the players were compared before and after a training session. The three experimental groups were assigned with service-specific training, service-specific training combined with PETTLEP imagery training, and PETTLEP imagery training alone, respectively, for three days per week for 12 weeks. They were tested on their service accuracy based on the International tennis number (ITN) manual on-court assessment test. The data were assessed for normality and analyzed using non-parametric methods to reveal main effects (each training method alone) as well as to calculate the combined effect of PETTLEP and service-specific training. Certain significant improvements in tennis service were observed with service-specific training alone. Though it marginally outperformed the PETTLEP imagery method, the most improved services were observed with both PETTLEP and service-specific training utilized together. This implies an additive effect when both methods are used together.

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Simulation-based Training for Pelvic and Breast Physical Examination: Effect on the Anxiety and Self-confidence of Medical Students

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (11) ◽

pp. 739-745

Author(s):

Talles Dias Orsi ◽

Ana Lucia Ribeiro Valadares ◽

Paula Miranda Esteves Orsi ◽

Isabella Miranda Esteves Orsi ◽

Alexandre Sampaio Moura

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Self Report ◽

Student Anxiety ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Confidence Levels ◽

Learning Satisfaction ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Breast Examination ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Before And After

Abstract Objective To evaluate factors associated with anxiety and the effect of simulation-based training (SBT) on student anxiety, self-confidence and learning satisfaction in relation to pelvic and breast examination. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted with 4th year medical students at the Universidade José do Rosário Vellano. A 12-item, self-report questionnaire on student anxiety at performing gynecological examinations was applied before and after SBT, with answers being given on a Likert-type scale. After training, the self-confidence levels and satisfaction of the students related to the learning process were also evaluated. Results Eighty students with a mean age of 24.1 ± 4.2 years were included in the study. Of these, 62.5% were women. Pre-SBT evaluation showed that students were more anxious at performing a pelvic examination than a breast examination (2.4 ± 1.0 versus 1.7 ± 0.8, respectively; p < 0.001). The primary reason for anxiety regarding both pelvic and breast examination was fear of hurting the patient. SBT significantly reduced student anxiety (2.0 ± 0.8 versus 1.5 ± 0.5, respectively; p < 0.001). The satisfaction and self-confidence of the students were found to be high (6.8 ± 0.3 and 6.0 ± 0.9, respectively), with no difference between genders. Conclusion The use of SBT in teaching students to perform pelvic and breast examinations resulted in reduced anxiety and increased self-confidence in a group of medical students of both genders, with high levels of satisfaction in relation to the training.

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Cranial translation of the elevated prepuce in dogs before and after two modifications: A cadaveric study

Veterinary Surgery ◽

10.1111/vsu.13674 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christos Yiapanis ◽

Raya Atamna ◽

Mirit Gan El ◽

Anna Shipov ◽

Tryfon Chochlios ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cadaveric Study ◽

Before And After

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College Student Commitment and Outdoor Orientation Programming

Journal of Experiential Education ◽

10.1177/1053825920923709 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 299-316

Author(s):

Curt Davidson ◽

Alan Ewert

Keyword(s):

College Student ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Emotional Reactivity ◽

Social Activity ◽

The United States ◽

College Life ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Before And After ◽

Reactivity Study ◽

Outdoor Orientation

Background: Increasingly colleges and universities are utilizing Outdoor Orientation Programs (OOPs) to help incoming students assimilate into college life. These programs have shown promise in recent analyses for enhancing desired outcomes with particular consideration shown to pro-social behavior and retention outcomes. Purpose: To examine how effective OOPs are in preparing students for a successful college student experience, particularly with variables known to influence student success and commitment to college. Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from four universities across the United States. Participants in this study were 205 undergraduate students from 17 to 25 years old who self-enrolled in their respective institutions OOP. This study used the College Student Readiness Inventory to generate a hypothesis concerning the possible effects of an OOP experience concerning predictive and outcomes variables relative to college student commitment. Findings/Conclusions: Using SmartPLS, the main effects of the OOP indicated predictive relationships between Commitment to College and Goal Striving, Communication Skills, Social Activity, Emotional Reactivity, Study Skills, and Social Connection. Academic Self-Discipline, Academic Self-Confidence, and Self-Determination on Commitment to College. Implications: Study findings suggest specific connections between predicting college student commitment before and after an OOP.

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Eficácia da simulação na autoconfiança de estudantes de enfermagem para ressuscitação cardiopulmonar extra-hospitalar: um estudo quase experimental

Scientia Medica ◽

10.15448/1980-6108.2019.1.32694 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 32694 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Genesis Souza Barbosa ◽

Caio Guilherme Silva Bias ◽

Lorene Soares Agostinho ◽

Luciana Maria Capurro de Queiroz Oberg ◽

Rafael Oliveira Pitta Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

The Self ◽

Significance Level ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Intervention Protocol ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Confidence Scale

AIMS: To verify the effectiveness of the simulation in the self-confidence of nursing students for extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, before and after, single-group study, was performed with nursing undergraduate students. The sample was recruited among university students who were in the second or third year of graduation and accepted to participate in the research. The intervention protocol consisted of individual participation in a emergency simulated clinical scenario. The simulated scenario adopted consisted of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in extra-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest, using the Mini Anne Plus® low fidelity manikin. In addition to the sociodemographic variables, students' self-confidence for emergency action was analyzed, evaluated by the Self-Confidence Scale, before and after each simulation. Marginal and homogeneous Wilcoxon homogeneity tests were applied, and the accepted significance level was 5%.RESULTS: Thirteen two undergraduate students in nursing between the ages of 18 and 38 participated in the study. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed in the answers of all the questions of the Self-confidence Scale when compared before and after the simulation. There was also a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) in cardiological, respiratory and neurological scores after simulation.CONCLUSIONS: The simulation proved to be an effective educational strategy in increasing the self-confidence of nursing students to perform extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

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Effects of Women’s Football Broadcastings on Viewers’ Moods and Judgments

Communication Research ◽

10.1177/0093650215583894 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 54-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Holger Schramm ◽

Johannes Knoll

Keyword(s):

Information Theory ◽

Past Research ◽

Team Identification ◽

Disposition Theory ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Football Team ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Sport Events

The objective of this article is to improve the understanding of mood and judgment effects evoked by major televised sport events like national football matches. According to disposition theory of sport spectatorship, viewers’ affective experiences, specifically their moods, are assumed to be affected by the outcomes of the matches they watch. This study tests whether these mood effects depend on viewers’ team identification as well as viewers’ sex. Moreover, past research has indicated that mood changes as effects of sport viewing could influence viewers’ subsequent judgments in line with feeling-as-information theory. Based on this line of arguments, a quasi-experimental pre-post-test study with 180 participants was conducted to assess the moods and judgments (self-confidence, evaluation of the economic situation, government satisfaction) of viewers before and after a win and a defeat of the German national football team during the 2011 women’s FIFA World Cup. The results support disposition theory of sport spectatorship as well as feeling-as-information theory and give new insights into the moderating role of team identification and sex.

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Effects of a Low-Element Challenge Course on Abstinence Self-Efficacy and Group Cohesion

Research on Social Work Practice ◽

10.1177/1049731511423672 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jamie M. Clem ◽

Thomas E. Smith ◽

Kristin V. Richards

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Group Cohesion ◽

Future Research ◽

Chemically Dependent ◽

Challenge Course ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Therapeutic Value ◽

Before And After ◽

Group Unity

Substance abuse researchers identify self-efficacy and group cohesion as important components in alcohol and other drug-dependency treatment. Objectives: The purpose of this single-group, pretest–posttest study is to explore the therapeutic value of a challenge course intervention on the self-efficacy and group cohesion of nine chemically dependent, adult females. Methods: Data were collected using two validated outcome measures administered before and after the intervention. Focus groups provided insight into the experiences of participants and were examined using manifest and latent theme analysis. Results: Findings indicate statistically significant improvements on both outcome measures with medium to large effect sizes. Several themes were identified including group unity, trust, interpersonal growth, and self-confidence. Conclusions: Suggestions for practice and future research are provided.

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Assessment of penetration of dorsal screws after fixation of the distal radius using ultrasound: cadaveric study

Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England ◽

10.1308/rcsann.2016.0045 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 98 (2) ◽

pp. 138-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D Williams ◽

J Singh ◽

N Heidari ◽

M Ahmad ◽

A Noorani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distal Radius ◽

Intraoperative Imaging ◽

Accurate Method ◽

Cadaveric Study ◽

Dorsal Cortex ◽

Volar Plating ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Soft Tissue Impingement ◽

Screw Penetration ◽

Aids Diagnosis

Introduction Volar locking plates are used to treat unstable and displaced fractures of the distal radius. Potential advantages of stable anatomical reduction (eg early mobilisation) can be limited by penetration of dorsal screws, leading to synovitis and potential rupture of extensor tendons. Despite intraoperative imaging, penetration of dorsal screws continues to be a problem in volar plating of the distal radius. Ultrasound is a well recognised, readily available, diagnostic tool used to assess soft-tissue impingement by orthopaedic hardware. In this cadaveric study, we wished to ascertain the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for identification of protrusion of dorsal screws after volar plating of the distal radius. Methods Four adult, unpaired phenol-embalmed cadaveric distal radii were used. A VariAx™ Distal Radius Volar Locking Plate system (Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) was employed for instrumented fixation. A portable SIUI CTS 900 ultrasound machine (Providian Medical, Eastlake, OH, USA) was used to image the dorsal cortex to ascertain screw penetration. Results Specificity and sensitivity of ultrasound for detection of screw protrusion through the dorsal cortex was 100%. Conclusions Ultrasound was found to be a safe and accurate method for assessment of dorsal-screw penetration through the dorsal cortex of the radius after volar plating of the distal radius. It also aids diagnosis of associated tendon disorders (eg tenosynovitis) that might cause pain and limit wrist function.

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