High immunoglobulin E level is associated with increased readmission in children with bronchopneumonia

Background: Increased immunoglobulin E (IgE) is associated with lower respiratory tract infections. The study aimed to evaluate the association between IgE and the rate of bronchopneumonia-related readmission within 12 months in children. Methods: A total of 1099 children aged over 1 year with bronchopneumonia, from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016, were enrolled. Unplanned readmissions within 12 months after discharge were observed. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for rehospitalization. Results: The rate of rehospitalization was 11.4% (125/1099). Compared to the nonreadmission children, IgE levels, the proportion of children with asthma and hospitalization duration were significantly higher in the readmission children ( p < 0.05). Compared to the children with normal IgE (≤ 165 IU/ml) levels, the risk of rehospitalization was significantly higher in children with abnormal IgE [odds ratio (OR) 1.781, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.209–2.624, p = 0.004]. Children with IgE level more than three times the upper limit had even higher risks of readmission (OR 2.037, 95%CI 1.172–3.540, p = 0.012). Meanwhile, the risk of readmission in children with abnormal IgE combined with or without bronchial asthma was significantly higher (OR 2.548 and 1.918, 95% CI 1.490–4.358 and 1.218–3.020, p = 0.001 and 0.005, respectively). Conclusions: Children aged over 1 year with bronchopneumonia who had higher IgE levels are at increased risk for rehospitalization within the first 12 months of the index hospitalization and IgE level may be used as a predictor of rehospitalization in children with bronchopneumonia.

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Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Associated with Rhinovirus during Infancy and Increased Risk of Wheezing during Childhood. A Cohort Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0069370 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e69370 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Cristina O’Callaghan-Gordo ◽

Quique Bassat ◽

Núria Díez-Padrisa ◽

Luis Morais ◽

Sónia Machevo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Tract Infections

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The association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and progression of NAFLD in a cohort of Egyptian patients

Egyptian Liver Journal ◽

10.1186/s43066-021-00103-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eman M. Hasan ◽

Rasha A. Abd Al Aziz ◽

Dina Sabry ◽

Hedy A. Badary ◽

Yasmine Gaber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Regression ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Adiponectin Gene ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Egyptian Patients ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Several genetic polymorphisms have been proven to play a key role in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from simple steatosis to NASH with fibrosis. Our aim was to study the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene, namely rs266729 and rs3774261, on susceptibility to NAFLD and disease progression. Results There was a definitive association between polymorphisms of the studied SNPs and NAFLD. Among rs266729, CG was significantly higher among patients than controls showing increased risk for NAFLD (P<0.05). AA genotype of the rs3774261 variant was significantly lower in patients than in controls (P value< 0.001) while AG and GG genotypes were significantly higher in patients than in controls (P value<0.05); A allele was significantly higher among controls (P=0.019) which might have a protective effect. None of the variants correlated significantly with the degree of steatosis. Using multivariate regression analysis, there was no significant correlation with any of the independent risk factors to the degree of steatosis. Conclusions There was an association between polymorphisms of the studied SNPs of rs266729 and rs3774261 of the adiponectin gene and NAFLD.

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Smoking and Asthma

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.76.4.654b ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 654-655

Author(s):

SHELDON BERKOWITZ

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Parental Smoking ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Tract Infections

To the Editor.— I want to thank Pedreira and his colleagues1 for providing us with more evidence to convince parents to quit smoking or, at least, not to smoke near their young children. However, although the authors looked at the passive effect of parental smoking on the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections, they did not mention its effect on children with asthma. It has been my experience that young children with asthma have less problems if their parents stop or reduce their amount of cigarette smoking.

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STUDY OF VITAMIN D LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION AT CRGH AND ASSOCIATED HOSPITALS OF R.D. GARDI MEDICAL COLLEGE

10.36106/ijar/0609796 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 57-59

Author(s):

Nency Sahu ◽

Mamta Dhaneria

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Study Data ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Tract Infections

Background: Lower Respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) remain among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among children. Several studies have associated vitamin D deciency with an increased risk of LRTIs. The main objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deciency in children from 6 months to 5 years of age with LRTI, and to evaluate the correlation between vitamin D levels and the incidence and severity of LRTI. A hospital based Material and Methods: observational study was carried out in the patients admitted for LRTI in pediatric ward of CR Gardi hospital of RDGMC from October 2018 to July 2020. A total of 70 children were included between the age group 6 months to 5 years were selected for the study. Data were entered in MS excel and analyzed by software Stata 10. Vitamin D levels were divided Results: into three categories, decient, insufcient, and sufcient. Average Vitamin D levels were 25.98ng/dl. Out of 70 children with lower respiratory tract infections 28.57% (n=20) children, had decient levels (<20ng/ml) of vitamin D, 38.57% (n=27) had insufcient levels (21-29ng/ml), while 32.86% (n=23) patients had sufcient (>30ng/ml) vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels are found to be decient in 39% cases of LRTI, However Conclusion: 26% children had Vitamin D levels in a decient range. Since 65% of children with LRTI had either decient or insufcient levels of Vitamin D. Vitamin D should be estimated in all children with LRTI. In places where Vitamin D levels cannot be estimated Vitamin D supplementation should be given. There is a need of more studies to be done on a larger sample size to reach to a certain conclusion.

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The Effect of Parental Smoking on the Severity of Asthma in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v10n1p140 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 140 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carla Irani ◽

Jad Saliba

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthma Exacerbations ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Tract Infections

BACKGROUND: Several environmental factors trigger attacks of asthma by immunological and non-immunological mechanisms. Among these factors are cited the passive or second hand smoking (SHS) which has a deleterious effect on the prognosis of childhood asthma and induces a resistance to treatment by corticosteroids. The aim of the present study was to identify parents of children with asthma who are smokers and to explore the possible negative impact of SHS exposure on the disease of asthmatic children.MATERIALS & METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted from February 2012 to February 2013.The study population consisted of children with asthma. The information concerning the patients was collected from their medical records filled out by the physician in a clinical setting in direct communication with the patients, or their parents when it is a little child. A group of 100 children age between 2 and 15 years, with asthma were recruited for the study. The study children were divided into two groups: cases with 28 children from smoking families, and controls with 73 children from non-smoking families. Analysis of the number of respiratory infections, asthma exacerbations per year, and the average number of hospitalization was done in both groups.RESULTS: Pearson chi2 test was adopted. We showed that smoking among the father was positively correlated with a higher number of hospitalizations for asthma, higher incidence of lower respiratory tract infections and asthma exacerbations. Similarly, the maternal smoking was positively correlated with a higher number of hospitalizations for asthma, lower respiratory tract infections and asthma exacerbations.CONCLUSION: Passive smoking causes respiratory illness, asthma, poor growth, neurological disorders in children. To avoid the risk of respiratory and allergic diseases by environmental tobacco smoke, absolute smoking cessation by parents is strongly recommended.

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A population-based prospective cohort study examining the influence of early-life respiratory tract infections on school-age lung function and asthma

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210149 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 167-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Evelien R van Meel ◽

Herman T den Dekker ◽

Niels J Elbert ◽

Pauline W Jansen ◽

Henriëtte A Moll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Early Life ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Population Based ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Tract Infections

BackgroundEarly-life respiratory tract infections could affect airway obstruction and increase asthma risk in later life. However, results from previous studies are inconsistent.ObjectiveWe examined the associations of early-life respiratory tract infections with lung function and asthma in school-aged children.MethodsThis study among 5197 children born between April 2002 and January 2006 was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study. Information on physician-attended upper and lower respiratory tract infections until age 6 years (categorised into ≤ 3 and >3–6 years) was obtained by annual questionnaires. Spirometry measures and physician-diagnosed asthma were assessed at age 10 years.ResultsUpper respiratory tract infections were not associated with adverse respiratory outcomes. Compared with children without lower respiratory tract infections ≤3 years, children with lower respiratory tract infections ≤3 years had a lower FEV1, FVC, FEV1:FVC and forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75) (Z-score (95% CI): ranging from −0.22 (−0.31 to –0.12) to −0.12 (−0.21 to −0.03)) and an increased risk of asthma (OR (95% CI): 1.79 (1.19 to 2.59)). Children with lower respiratory tract infections >3–6 years had an increased risk of asthma (3.53 (2.37 to 5.17)) only. Results were not mediated by antibiotic or paracetamol use and not modified by inhalant allergic sensitisation. Cross-lagged modelling showed that results were not bidirectional and independent of preschool wheezing patterns.ConclusionEarly-life lower respiratory tract infections ≤3 years are most consistently associated with lower lung function and increased risk of asthma in school-aged children.

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Identification and Molecular Analysis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus In Children With Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi ◽

10.5222/tmcd.2021.83723 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

İmran Sağlık ◽

Dilek Çolak ◽

Derya Mutlu ◽

Rabia Can Sarıoğlu ◽

Dilara İnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Nosocomial Infections ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

University Hospital ◽

Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Tract Infections

Objective: This study was performed with the aim to define the genotypes of RSV strains in pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), and to evaluate their molecular correlations. Method: Nasopharyngeal swab samples were obtained from 72 patients with LRTI, between December 2012 and May 2013, in the Pediatrics Department of Akdeniz University Hospital. Twenty- eight RSV-A isolates and one RSV-B isolate were determined by real-time PCR (RealStar RSV RT-PCR, Altona Diagnostics). The part of the G gene was sequenced for genotyping 20 RSV-A strains. Nucleotide sequences were analyzed with ClustalX program (version 2.1). The phylogenetic tree was constructed with “neighbor-joining” by the using the MEGA (version 6.06) software. Results: The median age of the patients were 35 days (range: 8-6061). All RSV-A isolates were identified as genotype GA2. Eleven isolates were identical; six of them caused hospital-acquired and five communityacquired RSV infections. Six patients were considered to have nosocomial infections including 4 cases in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (premature), one in the Neonatal Clinics and one in the Pediatric HematologyOncology Clinics. Five of eleven identical isolates were identified in patients with community-acquired infections. Conclusion: Nosocomial and community-acquired RSV infections in our hospital were caused by RSV A GA2 subtype. Identical strains were detected in community- acquired infections in the same region, and; these strains also caused nosocomial infections. Monitoring of RSV infections, detecting of genotype with molecular microbiological analysis and applied standard isolation precautions are important in clinics at increased risk for nosocomial infections.

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Occupation And Occurrence of Respiratory Infections Among Adults With Newly Diagnosed Asthma

10.21203/rs.3.rs-776419/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maritta S. Jaakkola ◽

Taina K. Lajunen ◽

Aino K. Rantala ◽

Rachel Nadif ◽

Jouni J.K. Jaakkola

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Population ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract Background: Work environments are potential areas for spreading respiratory infections. We hypothesized that certain occupations increase susceptibility to respiratory infections among adults with asthma. Our objective was to compare the occurrence of respiratory infections among different occupations in adults with newly diagnosed asthma.Methods: We analysed a study population of 492 working-age adults with newly diagnosed asthma who were living in the geographically defined Pirkanmaa Area in Southern Finland during a population-based Finnish Environment and Asthma Study (FEAS). The determinant of interest was occupation at the time of diagnosis of asthma. We assessed potential relations between occupation and occurrence of both upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections during the past 12 months. The measures of effect were incidence rate ratio (IRR) and risk ratio (RR) adjusted for age, gender, and smoking habits. Professionals, clerks, and administrative personnel formed the reference group. Results: The mean number of common colds in the study population was 1.85 (95% CI 1.70, 2.00) infections in the last 12 months. The following occupational groups showed increased risk of common colds: forestry and related workers (aIRR 2.20, 95% CI 1.15-4.23) and construction and mining (aIRR 1.67, 95% CI 1.14-2.44). The risk of lower respiratory tract infections was increased in the following groups: glass, ceramic, and mineral workers (aRR 3.82, 95% CI 2.54-5.74), fur and leather workers (aRR 2.06, 95% CI 1.01-4.20) and metal workers (aRR 1.80, 95% CI 1.04-3.10).Conclusions: We provide evidence that the occurrence of respiratory infections is related to certain occupations.

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