scholarly journals Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics for irritable bowel syndrome biomarkers

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481988642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihong Yu ◽  
Xinru Liu ◽  
Haojie Huang ◽  
Xingfeng Zheng ◽  
Xue Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder without obvious structural abnormalities or consistent associated biomarkers, making its diagnosis difficult. In the present study, we used a urine-based metabolomics approach to identify IBS biomarkers. Methods: We used an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) on urine samples from patients suffering from IBS and healthy controls. Data were coupled for multivariate statistical analysis methods. Results: We selected 30 differential metabolites associated with IBS and found steroid hormone biosynthesis and histidine metabolism alterations in patients with IBS that may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, we identified a panel of five metabolite markers composed of cortisone, citric acid, tiglylcarnitine, N6,-N6,-N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and L-histidine that could be used to discriminate between patients and healthy controls and may be appropriate as IBS diagnosis biomarkers. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that metabolomics combined with pattern recognition can be useful to identify disease diagnostic IBS markers. Clinical trial registration: ChiCTR1800020072

Gut Microbiome and Its Role in the Pathophysiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giada De Palma ◽  
Premysl Bercik
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
And Function

Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder, affecting up to 9% individuals globally. Although the etiology of this syndrome is likely heterogenous, it presents with its hallmark symptoms of abdominal pain and altered intestinal motility. Moreover, it is considered to be a disorder of the gut-brain interaction, and the microbiome has often been implicated as a central player in its pathophysiology. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome display altered composition and function of the gut microbiota compared to healthy controls. Microbiome directed therapies, such as probiotics, antibiotics and fecal microbiome transplantation, appear to be beneficial for both gut symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities. This review aims to recapitulate the available literature on the microbiome contribution to the pathophysiology and symptoms presentation of irritable bowel syndrome, as well as the current literature on microbiome-targeted treatments for this disease.

scholarly journals Changes in serum and urinary metabolomic profile after a dietary intervention in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0257331
Author(s):  
Sanna Nybacka ◽  
Magnus Simrén ◽  
Stine Störsrud ◽  
Hans Törnblom ◽  
Anna Winkvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Dietary Modifications

Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multi-faceted gastrointestinal disorder where food intake often triggers symptoms. Metabolomics may provide mechanistical insights to why responses to dietary modifications are diverse. Objective This study aimed to identify metabolite patterns related to dietary intake in patients with IBS, and to identify metabolites driving the separation between responders and non-responders to treatment. Methods Participants were randomized to a low fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diet (LFD) or traditional IBS diet (TID) for four weeks. Fasting serum and urine samples pre- and post-intervention were analyzed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. Response to treatment was defined as a reduction in IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS) ≥50. Results Twenty-five individuals in the LFD (13 responders) and 28 in the TID (14 responders) were included in these post hoc analyses. In endpoint samples, significant decreases in polyols and glucose were seen in the LFD. Post-intervention samples revealed that LFD responders had significantly increased levels of 2-hydroxybuturate and decreased levels of glucose and pantothenic acid compared to non-responders. For the TID, only weak multivariate models were identified and a larger diversity in metabolite response compared to the LFD were noted. Conclusions In this study, metabolite patterns between individuals who responded well to an LFD compared to non-responders could be distinguished. This provides new hypotheses for mechanistic actions related to response to dietary modifications, but the results need to be validated in larger cohorts. Clinical trial registration This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, registry number NCT02107625.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Moringa oleifera Leaves from China and India by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole-Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqiang Lin ◽  
Hailin Zhu ◽  
Jing Tan ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Zhongyao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

With the aim to discuss the similarities and differences of phytochemicals in Moringa oleifera leaves collected from China (CML) and India (IML) in mind, comparative ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) analysis was performed in this study. A screening analysis based on a UNIFI platform was first carried out to discuss the similarities. Next, untargeted metabolomic analysis based on multivariate statistical analysis was performed to discover the differences. As a result, a total of 122 components, containing 118 shared constituents, were characterized from CML and IML. The structure types included flavonoids, alkaloids, glyosides, organic acids and organic acid esters, iridoids, lignans, and steroids, etc. For CML, 121 compounds were characterized; among these, 18 potential biomarkers with higher contents enabled differentiation from IML. For IML, 119 compounds were characterized; among these, 12 potential biomarkers with higher contents enabled differentiation from CML. It could be concluded that both CML and IML are rich in phytochemicals and that CML is similar to IML in the kinds of the compounds it contains, except for the significant differences in the contents of some compounds. This comprehensive phytochemical profile study provides a basis for explaining the effect of different growth environments on secondary metabolites and exists as a reference for further research into or applications of CML in China.

scholarly journals Leveraging 16S rRNA Microbiome Sequencing Data to Identify Bacterial Signatures for Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxia Liu ◽  
Wenhui Li ◽  
Hongxia Yang ◽  
Xiaoying Zhang ◽  
Wenxiu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort. Previous studies have illustrated that the gut microbiota might play a critical role in IBS, but the conclusions of these studies, based on various methods, were almost impossible to compare, and reproducible microorganism signatures were still in question. To cope with this problem, previously published 16S rRNA gene sequencing data from 439 fecal samples, including 253 IBS samples and 186 control samples, were collected and processed with a uniform bioinformatic pipeline. Although we found no significant differences in community structures between IBS and healthy controls at the amplicon sequence variants (ASV) level, machine learning (ML) approaches enabled us to discriminate IBS from healthy controls at genus level. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis was subsequently used to seek out 97 biomarkers across all studies. Then, we quantified the standardized mean difference (SMDs) for all significant genera identified by LEfSe and ML approaches. Pooled results showed that the SMDs of nine genera had statistical significance, in which the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Dorea, Erysipelatoclostridium, Prevotella 9, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in IBS were higher, while the dominant abundance genera of healthy controls were Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, Holdemanella, Coprococcus 2, and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group. In summary, based on six published studies, this study identified nine new microbiome biomarkers of IBS, which might be a basis for understanding the key gut microbes associated with IBS, and could be used as potential targets for microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics.

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