scholarly journals Social Security for China's Migrant Workers – Providing for Old Age

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Watson
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Household Registration ◽  
Registration System

The concept of “migrant workers” derives from the household registration system of China's planned economy period. The continued existence of that system conflicts with the development of an integrated labour market. The current social security system, based on household registration and a large number of local pools, discriminates against migrant workers because of their mobility and the lack of mechanisms to transfer benefits between pools. As a result, migrants have made major contributions to China's economic development but do not get the same benefits as urban residents. Faced with this challenge, China's government has begun to introduce policy reforms to improve social security for migrants. This article explores this development through a focus on old-age insurance. It analyses the special needs of migrants, the obstacles facing policy development and the proposed solutions. It argues that social justice and social equity require the development of a system that treats all citizens equally, and that the logic of an integrated labour market will ultimately require a unified national system of old-age insurance.

Gender and Social Security: Some Lessons from Europe

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Charlotte Ståhlberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Sickness Benefit ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dual Earner ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
The Individual

Different social security schemes affect men and women differently. This article compares the family or single earner model with the individual or dual earner model and examines their impact on gender inequality. However, even where social security schemes are designed to be gender neutral, when applied in a context that is systematically structured by gender, it points out that they will have a different impact on men and women. The article examines the ways in which supposedly gender-neutral rules, in sickness benefit, survivors' pensions and old age pensions have affected men and women in Sweden and concludes that, if countries wish to achieve equal economic outcomes for men and women, they will need to introduce measures to equalise men's and women's commitments to the home and the labour market, and to enable women to attain higher-paid jobs on the same basis as men.

scholarly journals Does the Conversion of Household Registration Actually Improve the Happiness of Migrant Workers in China?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2661
Author(s):  
Xin-hao Liu ◽  
Li-min Han ◽  
Bin Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Household Registration ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Migrant workers are an important human resource for economic and social development. Considering the government’s goal of serving and improving people’s livelihoods, improving the happiness of migrant workers is necessary. This study investigates in-depth the impact of the conversion of household registration on migrant workers’ happiness, which is represented by a multi-dimensional comprehensive index based on the propensity matching score model and data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) in 2017. Moreover, this study explores the different effects of conversion among the groups divided by the characteristics of migrant workers. The results show that from an overall perspective, although the conversion of household registration could improve the happiness of migrant workers, the degree of this improvement is minor. Further, the characteristics of the different groups, including age, educational background, contracted land, collective dividends, and income significantly affect the improvement of happiness. The conversion of household registration has obviously improved the happiness of migrant workers with low educational backgrounds, low income, and contracted land. Based on these findings, the government should take more targeted actions to improve the positive effects of household registration among different migrant worker groups due to the different characteristics in the process of household registration system reform.

URBANIZATION AND MIGRANT WORKERS’ CITIZENSHIP: THE CASE OF VIETNAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 211-232
Author(s):  
HUONG VO
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Instrumental Variables ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Household Registration ◽  
Registration System ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
World Bank Report ◽  
The World

Similar to the hukou system in China, the household registration system ([Formula: see text]) in Vietnam which represents the citizenship of its people has become a part of the Vietnamese society in the past 60 years. After the economic reform in 1986, the force of [Formula: see text] system has begun to wane; however, it still plays an essential role in everyday life of Vietnamese. Utilizing the new Household Registration Study (HRS) survey conducted by the World Bank in 2015, this paper employs Instrumental Variables (IV) to estimate the effect of citizenship (household registration status) on migrant workers in urban Vietnam. The main findings detect a pattern of discrimination against temporary residents in term of labor wages, which is different from the result of OLS estimation in the World Bank report.

scholarly journals Labour Market Outcomes and Skill Endowment of Nepali Migrant Workers in India: Case of Uttar Pradesh and Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Keshav Bashyal
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Social Security Benefits

Migration to India of Nepali workers is a historical phenomenon. Due to 'open border' and multidimensional inter-linkages, migration for work persists to this day. The importance and challenges of the labour market for Nepali migrants in India are yet to be recognized and studied. This study examines the existing skill endowments of Nepali migrant workers and strategies to enhance their labour market outcomes in India. The Indian labour market is fragile. Recruitment neither follows a strict rule or process nor are any specific skills required. From this standpoint, the situation of Nepali migrant workers is not much different than India’s internal migrants. However, Nepali migrants are neither well documented nor properly recruited in the labour markets of India. Because of their low level of education and lack of skill, they are deprived of good job opportunities and their income is also low. Most of the Nepali migrants are not netted in by the social security scheme of India. This study suggests that education; training for skills and social security benefits can go a long way in improving the labour market outcomes of the Nepali migrants.

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