scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis of the Antioxidant Active Fractions of Micromeria juliana with Anticholinesterase Activity

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Öztürk ◽  
Ufuk Kolak ◽  
Mehmet Emin Duru ◽  
Mansur Harmandar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Light Petroleum ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
Β Carotene

The aerial parts of Micromeria juliana (L.) Bentham ex Reichb. were extracted with light petroleum, acetone and methanol, successively. The antioxidant activity of different concentrations of the extracts was evaluated using different antioxidant tests, namely total antioxidant (lipid peroxidation inhibition activity), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and metal chelating. Total antioxidant activity was determined using the β-carotene-linoleic acid assay. Unexpectedly, the light petroleum extract exhibited strong lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. The extract was fractionated on a silica gel column and the antioxidant activity of the fractions was determined by the β-carotene-linoleic assay at 25 μg/mL concentration. The fractions that exhibited more than 50% inhibition activity were analysed by GC and GC/MS; thus, the structure of fourteen compounds were elucidated. In addition, acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the extracts were also determined in vitro. The light petroleum and acetone extracts were found to have mild butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals Studies on In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract and Fractions of Ficus Hispida Lin. Fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Hossain ◽  
S. Parvin ◽  
S. Dutta ◽  
M. S. I. Mahbub ◽  
M. E. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ficus Hispida

The present study was designed to confirm the traditional use of the fruits of Ficus hispida Linn. (Moraceae) as an antioxidant agent. Fruits of the plant extracted with methanol and crude methanol extract (CME) were further fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. All the fractions, n-hexane (NHF), chloroform (CHF), ethyl acetate (EAF), aqueous (AQF) and CME were preliminary screened for in vitro antioxidant activity and total phenolic and total flavonoid content. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, CME exhibited highest scavenging activity (IC50 = 11.20 µg/mL) as compared to other fractions. In this assay, IC50 of reference standard BHT was 5.10 µg/mL. The reducing power of the samples was in the order as AQF > CME > CHF > EAF > NHF. The results for hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity indicated that CME, EAF and AQF had almost the same scavenging activity except NHF. Total antioxidant capacity of CME and other fractions were ranked as CHF > AQF > CME > EAF > NHF.  In the assay of antioxidant constituents (total phenol and total flavonoids content), the CME had highest phenolic and flavonoids content. The results indicate that Ficus hispida fruits could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of a Red Bean (Phasoelus vulgaris) Extract and its Fractions

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Amarowicz ◽  
Magdalena Karamać ◽  
Montserrat Dueñas ◽  
Ronald B. Pegg
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Fraction I

The activities of the crude acetonic extract of red bean and its two fractions were determined using a β-carotene-linoleate model system as well as the total antioxidant activity (TAA), the total phenolics content (TPC), the DPPH radical-scavenging activity, and the reducing power assays. Results from the in vitro assays showed the highest values when tannins (fraction II) were tested. Specifically, the TAA of the tannins fraction was 4.37 mmol Trolox eq./g fraction; whereas, the crude extract and fraction I were 0.481 and 0.093 μmol Trolox eq./mg extract or fraction, respectively. The content of total phenolics in fraction II was the utmost (612 mg/g); the tannins content, assayed by the vanillin method and expressed as absorbance units at 500 nm per 1 g, was 938. RP-HPLC-PAD-MS profiling revealed the presence of 33 compounds: quercetin arabinoglucoside, quercetin rutinoside, quercetin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and kaempferol rutinoside were the most abundant phenolics in the extract.

Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Constituents of Microalgae Oil of Schizochytrium aggregatum

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 2022-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wei Lv ◽  
Xian Qing Yang ◽  
Lai Hao Li
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Microalgae Oil ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

Abtrast: This research aimed to explore the antioxidant activity of microalgae oil through in vitro experiment and investigate the constituents of microalgae oil. The antioxidant activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging assay,2,2-Azinobis (3-ehtylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfnicAcid)(ABTS)radical scavenging assay, the reducing power,β-Carotene bleaching assay and Oxygen Radical Absorption Capacity(ORAC)assay. BHT、α-tocopherol or Vc were compared as the reference. It can be confirmed that microalgae oil has moderate antioxidant ability. According to GC-MS analysis, the most abundant compounds in microalgae oil were palmitic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and tetradecanoic,constituting 38.1%, 34.24% and 3.39%, respectively.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Fe2+ Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Rats Brain by Extract of Euphorbia heterophylla in vitro

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Leye Jonathan Babatola ◽  
Oluwakemisola B. Oshanimi ◽  
Olanrewaju M. Oluba ◽  
Lawrence Okoror ◽  
Adewale Agboola Odutuga
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Significant Difference

This study is sought to determine the antioxidant activity and protective ability of aqueous and methanol extractible phytochemicals from Euphorbia heterophylla leaves on lipid peroxidation induced in rat brain by pro-oxidant, in vitro. The extracts of the leaves were prepared, and the ability of the extracts is to inhibit 25 µM FeSO4 induced lipid peroxidation in isolated rats’ brain, were determined. Thereafter, total phenol content, reducing power (FRAP), Fe (II) chelating, and DPPH* free radical scavenging ability of the extracts was determined and considered as an index of antioxidant activity. The results revealed that the extracts inhibit malondialdehyde (MDA) production in the basal and pro-oxidant induced lipid peroxidised rats in a dose-dependent manner, [methanol 80.11%, aqueous 70.3%] with the methanol extract (MEE) significantly (P< 0.05) than that of aqueous extract (AEE). The methanol extract (0.74 ± 0.6 mg/g) had higher total phenol contents than the aqueous (0.57 ± 1.2 mg/g); likewise the methanol extract had higher reducing power (0.08 ± 0.2, 0.03 ± 0.1 mg/g), but had no significant difference in Fe (II) chelating ability (EC50= 0.34, 0.36) with DPPH* scavenging ability (EC50=0.075, 0.075). This antioxidant properties and the protective effect of this leaf could be harnessed in the management and prevention of degenerative diseases in association with oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antioxidant activities of saffron stigma and spath as by-product of Crocus sativus L

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Lahmass I ◽  
Ouahhoud S ◽  
Elyoubi M ◽  
Benabbas R ◽  
Sabouni A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Crocus Sativus L

The present study aimed to estimate and compare, using in vitro assays, the antioxidant activities of alcoholic extracts of saffron stigma and spath as by-products of the saffron crop. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using in vitro assays such as total antioxidant capacity, DPPH free radical, Scavenging of H2O2, FRAP and β-carotene bleaching assay. The results allowed us to evidence the presence of products with antioxidant and bioactive capacities in spaths and stigmas of Crocus sativus. The response of each extract depends on the type of the test. Extract from spaths protect β-carotene from bleaching more than the extract of stigmas and extract from stigmas revealed a significant reducing power activity than that of spaths. As a result, we can consider these extracts especially that of spaths like a new source of antioxidant compounds.

In vitro Antioxidant Study and Determination of Flavonoids, Flavonols, Total Phenolic and Proanthocyanidins Content of Grewia abutilifolia Leaf Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
R. Salam ◽  
R. Rafe
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

Grewia abutilifolia (Tiliaceae) tree is known for its uses in traditional medicine due to its various degrees of ethno-pharmacological activities. In this study, Grewia abutilifolia was evaluated for its in vitro antioxidant activities; further, flavonoids, flavonols, total phenolic content and proanthocyanidins content were determined to justify its uses against various oxidative stresses.We evaluated antioxidant activity by determining total antioxidant, Fe3+ reducing power, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and hydroxyl radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. Aqueous fraction (AQF) contained highest total phenolic content (238.56 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g). Crude methanolic extract (CHE) contained maximum flavonoid (211.54 mg) and flavonols (380.25 mg) content equivalent to quercetin which showed significant reducing activity. Proanthocyanidins content was highest in petroleum ether fraction (PEF), 45.89 mg of catechin equivalent per gram. PEF showed maximum activity in DPPH scavenging assay (IC50 = 3.82 ± 0.055 μg/ml) and in hydroxyl radical scavenging assay (IC50, concentration required to inhibit the process by half, of 6.45 ± 1.297 μg/ml). Lipid peroxidation inhibition activity was also performed in the test chloroform fraction (CLF), which showed the highest inhibition (IC50 = 15.62 ± 1.31 μg/ml). These results suggested its potentiality against various diseases related to oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils from Peppermint, Native Spearmint and Scotch Spearmint

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohai Wu ◽  
Bie Tan ◽  
Yanhong Liu ◽  
James Dunn ◽  
Patricia Martorell Guerola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Natural antioxidants have drawn growing interest for use in animal feed and the food industry. In the current study, essential oils (EOs) obtained from hydrodistillation of three mentha species, including Mentha piperita (peppermint), Mentha spicata (native spearmint) and Mentha gracilis (Scotch spearmint), harvested in the Midwest region in the United States, were analyzed for their chemical composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and their antioxidant properties were assessed through chemical assays, in vitro cell culture modeling and in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The activity of ferric iron reduction and free-radical scavenging capacity were assessed through chemical-based assays, including the reducing power assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (TEAC). Subsequently, the capacity of EOs to mitigate lipid peroxidation was analyzed at various doses using fresh liver homogenates from pigs. A porcine jejunum epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) was employed as in vitro model to study the cellular antioxidant activity of the mint EOs. Finally, the effectiveness of mint EOs to alleviate acute systemic oxidative damage were evaluated in vivo using C. elegans. Data were analyzed by the MIXED procedure of SAS. Contrast statement was performed to assess linear or quadratic effects of mint EOs given at various doses. All three EOs are mostly composed of monoterpenes and their derivatives (76–90%), but differed in the major compounds, which are menthol and menthone (50%) in peppermint EO and carvone (70%) in spearmint EOs. Three mint EOs demonstrated prominent radical scavenging and Fe3+ reducing activity in chemical-based assays. In comparison with native and Scotch spearmint EOs, peppermint EO had the lowest (p < 0.05) half maximal effective concentration (EC50) in DPPH and TEAC assays and higher efficacy in the reducing power assay. All three EOs exhibited equivalent activity in mitigation of chemical-induced lipid peroxidation in liver tissues in a dose-dependent manner (linear, p < 0.001). The maximal cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) was observed at 5 µg/mL for peppermint, and 100 µg/mL for native and Scotch spearmint EOs. The addition of 25 µg/mL of both spearmint EOs increased (p < 0.05) cellular concentrations of glutathione in H2O2-treated IPEC-J2 cells, suggesting enhanced endogenous antioxidant defense. Supplementation of 100 µg/mL of peppermint or Scotch spearmint EO significantly increased (p < 0.05) the survival rate of C. elegans in response to H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The protective effect is comparable to that of supplementation of 10 µg/mL of ascorbic acid. However native spearmint EO failed to reduce the death rate within the same supplementation dose (10–200 μg/mL).

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SOME CITRUS FRUITS OF SOUTH INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Pallavi M` ◽  
Ramesh Ck ◽  
Krishna V ◽  
Sameera Parveen ◽  
Nanjunda Swamy L
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
South India ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The current investigation was contemplated to evaluate the phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant activities in peel and pulp of some commercially grown citrus fruits of South India, namely, lemon (Citrus aurantifolia), orange (Citrus reticulata), sour orange (Citrus aurantium), pomello (Citrus grandis), and citron (Citrus medica).Methods: The peel and pulp of the fruits were separated and subjected to cold extraction using 70% alcohol. The extracts obtained were screened for the presence of their phytoconstituents using various qualitative and further quantified for major constituents. Further, the in vitro antioxidant activity was assayed by different radical scavenging methods, namely, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide anion, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation inhibition, iron chelating activity, and reducing power assay at different concentrations.Results: All the citrus fruits have shown significant in vitro antioxidant activity for the parameters assessed, wherein peel extracts recorded superior antioxidant potential than their corresponding pulps. The broad range of activity of the extracts suggests that multiple mechanisms mediated by the phytoconstituents are responsible for the antioxidant activity.Conclusion: The study thus revealed that peel and pulp of citrus fruits are potential sources of bioactive compounds which are reflected in antioxidant activity and supports their health-promoting claims of plethora of investigations.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity Profiling of Acetonic Extract of Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.) Seeds in Different In-Vitro Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Neha Yadav ◽  
Ajay Pal ◽  
Sonam Sihag ◽  
Nagesh C.R
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Metal Chelation ◽  
Syzygium Cumini

Background: Syzygium cumini L., commonly known as Jamun, black-plum, and Indian blackberry, is one of the most widely distributed trees in India with booming medical benefits and possesses antioxidant, anticancer and anti-diabetic properties. It belongs to the family Myrtaceae. Despite countless phytochemicals, seeds are not consumed and are the waste part of Jamun fruit. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of phenolics from Jamun seeds against a bundle of oxidant moieties. Methods: The 50% acetone extract of Jamun seeds was investigated for in-vitro antioxidant profiling. Assays include free radical scavenging activity, metal chelation activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, total reducing power, nitric oxide scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity. Results: The extract depicted maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity followed by ABTS radical scavenging activity. Hefty metal chelation and nitric oxide scavenging activity were recorded while lipid peroxidation, H2O2, and OH- scavenging activity was intermediate. Conclusion: Jamun seed showed ample antioxidant activity and certifies that it is the right candidate for exploitation as a source of natural antioxidants to counteract autoxidation-induced pathologies or diseases.

scholarly journals A Novel Isopimarane Diterpenoid with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity from Nepeta sorgerae, an Endemic Species to the Nemrut Mountain

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700
Author(s):  
Anıl Yılmaz ◽  
Pınar Çağlar ◽  
Tuncay Dirmenci ◽  
Nezhun Gören ◽  
Gülaçtı Topçu
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
Ellman’S Method ◽  
Β Carotene

From the dichloromethane extract of Nepeta sorgerae, the isolation and structure elucidation are now reported of a new isopimarane diterpenoid, named sorgerolone, and two known triterpenoids, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. Antioxidant activity of the extracts and the isolated terpenoids was determined by the DPPH free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition (β-carotene bleaching) methods. Anticholinesterase activity of the extracts and isolates was investigated by Ellman's method against AChE and BChE enzymes. Although the antioxidant activity results were low, the AChE enzyme inhibition of the extracts and terpenoids was very promising.

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