scholarly journals HPLC Fingerprint Combined with Quantitation of Phenolic Compounds and Chemometrics as an Efficient Strategy for Quality Consistency Evaluation of Sambucus nigra Berries

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Viapiana ◽  
Marek Wesolowski
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Efficient Strategy ◽  
Hplc Profiles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Consistency Evaluation

Sambucus nigra L. berries have been traditionally used as culinary and medicinal ingredients. To ensure the highest quality of elderberry plant products for consumers, the objective of this study was to develop a HPLC fingerprint procedure for quality consistency evaluation of S. nigra berries obtained from various herbal manufacturers in Poland. The HPLC profiles of thirteen batches of elderberries showed more than sixty peaks in each chromatogram, including fourteen well-resolved common peaks. Four of these were assigned to caffeic acid, syringic acid, myricetin and quercetin. Based on the chromatographic profiles of all the samples, the reference HPLC fingerprint and similarity values were calculated by Matlab 9.1 software. Quantitation of phenolic compounds (flavonols and phenolic acids) revealed that the S. nigra samples with the highest quantity differ to a small extent with regard to the mean content of phenolic compounds. On the other hand, in batches of elderberries with lower similarity values, higher differences in the mean phenolic compound content were observed. The results of hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses showed that samples classified into one group are associated with a similar chemical composition, reflected in fourteen common HPLC peaks and similarity values. Chromatographic fingerprint combined with quantitation of plant bioactive compounds and unsupervised data analysis techniques can be a useful and efficient strategy for monitoring the quality consistency of elderberry fruits.

scholarly journals Discrimination of the Geographical Origin of the Lateral Roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Using the Fingerprint, Multicomponent Quantification, and Chemometric Methods

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Lin Miao ◽  
Qin-Mei Zhou ◽  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Chun-Wang Meng ◽  
Xiao-Ya Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Diterpenoid Alkaloids ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Aconitum Carmichaelii

Fuzi is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine developed from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. It is rich in alkaloids that display a wide variety of bioactivities, and it has a strong cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. In order to discriminate the geographical origin and evaluate the quality of this medicine, a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for multicomponent quantification and chemical fingerprint analysis. The measured results of 32 batches of Fuzi from three different regions were evaluated by chemometric analysis, including similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The content of six representative alkaloids of Fuzi (benzoylmesaconine, benzoylhypaconine, benzoylaconine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, and aconitine) were varied by geographical origin, and the content ratios of the benzoylmesaconine/mesaconitine and diester-type/monoester-type diterpenoid alkaloids may be potential traits for classifying the geographical origin of the medicine. In the HPLC fingerprint similarity analysis, the Fuzi from Jiangyou, Sichuan, was distinguished from the Fuzi from Butuo, Sichuan, and the Fuzi from Yunnan. Based on the HCA and PCA analyses of the content of the six representative alkaloids, all of the batches were classified into two categories, which were closely related to the plants’ geographical origins. The Fuzi samples from Jiangyou were placed into one category, while the Fuzi samples from Butuo and Yunnan were put into another category. The LDA analysis provided an efficient and satisfactory prediction model for differentiating the Fuzi samples from the above-mentioned three geographical origins. Thus, the content of the six representative alkaloids and the fingerprint similarity values were useful markers for differentiating the geographical origin of the Fuzi samples.

Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in Methanolic Extracts, Infusions and Tinctures from Commercial Samples of Lemon Balm

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Arceusz ◽  
Marek Wesolowski ◽  
Beata Ulewicz-Magulska
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Principal Component Analyses

The aim of this study was to quantify the levels of flavonoids (rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol) and phenolic acids (gallic, p-coumaric, rosmarinic, syringic, caffeic, chlorogenic, ellagic, ferulic) in lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis L.) commonly used as a culinary, aromatic and medicinal herb. A rapid and reliable HPLC procedure was developed to determine the phenolic compounds in methanolic extracts, infusions and tinctures prepared from lemon balm. Except for myricetin and quercetin, as well as ellagic, gallic and rosmarinic acids, higher levels of the analytes under study were determined in the methanolic extracts (up to 22 mg/g of dry weight, DW), than in infusions (up to 5 mg/g DW). Tinctures were the poorest in flavonoids and phenolic acids (below 550 μg/g DW), except for ellagic and rosmarinic acids, which were quantified in tinctures at higher levels (mg/g DW). To sum up, the flavonoids were extracted more effectively in the infusions and tinctures than the phenolic acids. Statistically significant correlations were found between phenolic acids, possibly owing to similar biochemical pathways of the compounds. The hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses have also shown that the samples of lemon balm could be differentiated based on the levels of flavonoids and phenolic acids.

scholarly journals Nutritional, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of 24 mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuhao Wang ◽  
Lu Huang ◽  
Xingxing Yuan ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Luping Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Vigna Radiate

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the proximate and phytochemicals present in seeds of 24 mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) genotypes from four provinces of China for estimating their nutritional and antioxidant properties. Proximate analysis of mung bean genotypes revealed that starch, protein, fat, ash and water-soluble polysaccharide ranged from 39.54–60.66, 17.36–24.89, 4.24–12.18, 2.78–3.53 and 1.99–2.96 g/100 g respectively. The five principal fatty acids detected in mung beans were stearic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and linolenic acid. The contents of insoluble-bound phenolic compounds, soluble phenolic compounds, and flavonoids ranged from 0.78 to 1.5 mg GAE g− 1, 1.78 to 4.10 mg GAE g− 1, and 1.25 to 3.52 mg RE g− 1, respectively. The black seed coat mung bean genotype M13 (Suheilv 1) exhibited highest flavonoid and phenolic contents which showed strong antioxidant activity. Two flavonoids (vitexin and isovitexin) and four phenolic acids (caffeic, syringic acid, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids) were identified by HPLC. Vitexin and isovitexin were the major phenolic compounds in all mung bean genotypes. The content of soluble phenolic compounds had positive correlation with DPPH (r2 = 0.713) and ABTS (r2 = 0.665) radical scavenging activities. Principal component analysis indicated that the first two principal components could reflect most details on mung bean with a cumulative contribution rate of 66.1%. Twenty-four mung bean genotypes were classified into four groups based on their phenolic compounds contents and antioxidant activities. The present study highlights the importance of these mung bean genotypes as a source of nature antioxidant ingredient for the development of functional foods or a source of health promoting food. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals A Rapid HPLC-UV Protocol Coupled to Chemometric Analysis for the Determination of the Major Phenolic Constituents and Tocopherol Content in Almonds and the Discrimination of the Geographical Origin

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5433
Author(s):  
Natasa P. Kalogiouri ◽  
Petros D. Mitsikaris ◽  
Dimitris Klaoudatos ◽  
Athanasios N. Papadopoulos ◽  
Victoria F. Samanidou
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Concentration Threshold

Reversed phase-high-pressure liquid chromatographic methodologies equipped with UV detector (RP-HPLC-UV) were developed for the determination of phenolic compounds and tocopherols in almonds. Nineteen samples of Texas almonds originating from USA and Greece were analyzed and 7 phenolic acids, 7 flavonoids, and tocopherols (−α, −β + γ) were determined. The analytical methodologies were validated and presented excellent linearity (r2 > 0.99), high recoveries over the range between 83.1 (syringic acid) to 95.5% (ferulic acid) for within-day assay (n = 6), and between 90.2 (diosmin) to 103.4% (rosmarinic acid) for between-day assay (n = 3 × 3), for phenolic compounds, and between 95.1 and 100.4% for within-day assay (n = 6), and between 93.2–96.2% for between-day assay (n = 3 × 3) for tocopherols. The analytes were further quantified, and the results were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) to investigate potential differences between the bioactive content of almonds and the geographical origin. A decision tree (DT) was developed for the prediction of the geographical origin of almonds proposing a characteristic marker with a concentration threshold, proving to be a promising and reliable tool for the guarantee of the authenticity of the almonds.

scholarly journals Phenolic Analysis for Classification of Mulberry (Morus spp.) Leaves according to Cultivar and Leaf Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitchaya Pothinuch ◽  
Sasitorn Tongchitpakdee
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Analysis

Phenolic compounds in mulberry leaves harvested from three cultivars (Buriram 60, BR 60; Sakonnakhon, SK; and Khunphai, KH) at different leaf ages (tips, young, and old leaves) were identified and quantified using HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI/MS. A total of 13 phenolic compounds, which were mainly as caffeoylquinic acids and flavonol glycosides, were detectable. Predominant phenolic compounds were 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3.5–13.1 mg/g dry weight), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1.3–2.4 mg/g dry weight), and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (1.0–4.4 mg/g dry weight). Qualitative and quantitative differences in phenolic compounds in mulberry leaves were investigated among cultivars and leaf ages. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used for classification of the mulberry leaves. Based on the similarity of phenolic compounds, mulberry leaves were clustered into three groups: (1) tips of leaves from all cultivars; (2) young and old leaves of mulberry cv. BR 60; (3) young and old leaves of mulberry cv. SK and KH. Therefore, according to phenolic compounds in mulberry leaves, tips of leaves from all cultivars should be intended for production of functional healthy foods.

scholarly journals Variability in the Content of Phenolic Compounds in Plum Fruit

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1611
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Liaudanskas ◽  
Rugilė Okulevičiūtė ◽  
Juozas Lanauskas ◽  
Darius Kviklys ◽  
Kristina Zymonė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Fruit Samples

The aim of this study was to determine the composition and content of phenolic compounds in extracts of plum fruit. Fruit of 17 plum cultivars were analyzed. Fruit samples were collected in 2019 from fruit trees with “Myrobalan” (P. cerasifera Ehrh.) and “Wangenheim Prune” (P. domestica L.) rootstocks. The following glycosides of the flavonol group were identified: avicularin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, and an aglycone quercetin. Compounds of the flavan-3-ol group were identified, such as (+)-catechin, procyanidin C1, and procyanidin A2, along with chlorogenic acid attributed to phenolic acids and a non-phenolic cyclitol–quinic acid. Of all the analytes identified in plum fruit samples, quinic acid predominated, while chlorogenic acid predominated among all the identified phenolic compounds, and rutin predominated in the flavonol group. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that fruit samples of “Kubanskaya Kometa”, “Zarechnaya Raniaya”, “Duke of Edinburgh”, “Jubileum”, and “Favorita del Sultano” cultivars had different quantitative content of phenolic compounds from that observed in other samples. The highest total amount of phenolic compounds was found in the European plum samples of the “Zarechnaya Rannyaya” cultivar, while the amount of quinic acid was the highest in plum fruit samples of the “Jubileum” cultivar.

Quality Assessment of Fructus xanthii Based on Fingerprinting Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1053-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Yang ◽  
Zhijun Su ◽  
Xing Zeng ◽  
Xiong Li ◽  
Zhifeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Hplc Profiles

Abstract Because almost every traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a multicomponent system, QC of TCMs always involves various difficulties. As a current popular quality assessment approach, focusing on qualitative and quantitative analysis of certain compounds contained in herbal medicine has been widely used for the sake of expediency rather than being a practical and realistic way. However, this method does not take the existence of other constituents into account. Comparatively, the chromatographic fingerprint of the components is a more suitable approach to holistically assess the quality of herbal drugs. Fructus xanthii is a well-known herbal drug listed in all editions of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, there is no quality evaluation method given in its monograph, even for the above-mentioned expediency. This paper reports an HPLC fingerprinting method for quality evaluation of F. xanthii. The HPLC profiles of 27 batches of commercial samples were further analyzed using chemometric methods, including similarity evaluation and principal component analysis. As a result, the established HPLC fingerprint contained 23 characteristic peaks; therein, 13 peaks were unambiguously assigned by comparing their retention times and UV spectra with those of reference compounds, and five peaks were tentatively identified on the basis of their MS/MS fragmentation patterns and UV spectra. Moreover, it could be clearly observed that caffeoylquinic acid and its analogs predominate in F. xanthii. Except for three samples identified as outliers, 24 other commercial samples displayed similar HPLC profiles, indicating that the quality of the herbs from different markets is stable and consistent.

scholarly journals HPLC Fingerprint Combined with Quantitation of Main Effective Components and Chemometrics as an Efficient Method for Quality Evaluation of Oviductus Ranae

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihan Wang ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Yanwei Wang ◽  
Zuying Lv ◽  
Qingyan Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Effective Components ◽  
Hplc Profiles ◽  
Oviductus Ranae

To ensure the highest quality of Oviductus Ranae products for consumers, an accurate, efficient, scientific and comprehensive evaluation method for assessing the quality of Oviductus Ranae was proposed in this paper. The fingerprint of Oviductus Ranae has been established based on the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Oviductus Ranae from different habitats were analyzed by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The HPLC profiles of fourteen batches of Oviductus Ranae showed 33 well-resolved common peaks in each chromatogram. Five of these were assigned to 1-methyl hydantoin, 7-ketocholesterol, 4-cholesten-3-one, cholesterol and stigmasterol. Contents of these five main effective components were determined in the meantime. Based on the HPLC profiles of all the samples, the reference HPLC fingerprint and similarity values were calculated by statistical software (SPSS 19.0). It was found that similarity value of all Oviductus Ranae samples were more than 0.85 and Oviductus Ranae from same habitats had similarity to some degree. In conclusion, the proposed method had good specificity, repeatability, stability and precision, which can provide a reference for the quality evaluation and identification of the medicine origin of Oviductus Ranae. Quantitation of effective components revealed that contents of five effective constituents in Oviductus Ranae obtained from Ji Lin province were the highest, followed by Hei Longjiang province and Liaoning province. The results of HCA showed that samples classified into one group were associated with their habitats. HPLC fingerprint combined with quantitation of main effective compounds and data analysis techniques can be an efficient and useful method for monitoring the quality of Oviductus Ranae.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Secale Cereale Cultivars and Its Relationship with Seeding Density

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 3072
Author(s):  
Bimal Kumar Ghimire ◽  
Chang Yeon Yu ◽  
Balkrishna Ghimire ◽  
Eun Soo Seong ◽  
Ill Min Chung
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

In this study, we investigated the allelopathic effect of Secale cereale cultivars on different weeds that grow in the cultivated fields of Perilla frutescens. Two S. cereale cultivars, Paldong and Singhi, were used to test the allelopathic effect on in vitro grown Digitaria ciliaris, Chenopodium album, Amaranthus lividus, Portulaca oleracea, Pinellia ternata and Commelina communis. The results indicated that S. cereale extracts affect callus growth of weeds in terms of fresh weight and percentage of growth inhibition. The inhibitory effects of both S. cereale cultivars combined with grass cover extracts were higher than using grass weeds alone. Concentrations of all identified phenolic compounds were significantly higher in the leaves extracts of Paldong compared to Singhi. Particularly, syringic acid in leaves extract of the Paldong cultivar were 12.87-fold higher than in the Singhi cultivar. The other predominant phenolic compounds such as salicylic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids were 3.30, 4.63, 3.11, and 1.28 times higher, respectively, in the leaves extracts of Paldong compared to Singhi. Principal component analysis (PCA) results indicated that the composition of phenolic compounds was significantly related to cultivar types and plant parts used. In addition, biomass increase caused increased weed inhibitory capacity of S. cereale both in tillage and no-tillage regimes. These results suggest that the biomass of cover crops negatively influenced weed density.

Quality evaluation of tugaksheeree samples by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy using multicomponent analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikunj D. Patel ◽  
Niranjan S. Kanaki
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Chemometric Methods ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Fingerprint Region ◽  
Ftir Technique

Background: Numerous Ayurvedic formulations contains tugaksheeree as key ingredient. Tugaksheereeis the starch gained from the rhizomes of two plants, Curcuma angustifoliaRoxb. (Zingiberaceae) and Marantaarundinacea (MA) Linn. (Marantaceae). Objective: The primary concerns in quality assessment of Tugaksheeree occur due to adulteration or substitution. Method: In current study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technique with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) facility was used to evaluate tugaksheeree samples. Total 10 different samples were studied and transmittance mode was kept to record the spectra devoid of pellets of KBR. Further treatment was given with multi component tools by considering fingerprint region of the spectra. Multivariate analysis was performed by various chemometric methods. Result: Multi component methods like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA)were used to discriminate the tugaksheeree samples using Minitab software. Conclusion: This method can be used as a tool to differentiate samples of tugaksheeree from its adulterants and substitutes.

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