Composition and Chemical Variability of Myrtus communis Leaf Oil From Northwestern Algeria

Myrtus communis L. is a shrub growing wild in most countries all around the Mediterranean Sea and myrtle leaf oil is useful in the perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays, “chemotyped” essential oils are more and more appreciated. Myrtle oil from eastern and central-north Algeria belong to the “α-pinene-cineole” chemotype. In contrast, Moroccan myrtle oil displayed appreciable content of myrtenyl acetate. Therefore, it appeared crucial to investigate the composition of myrtle leaf oil from northwestern Algeria in order to ensure the homogeneity of the composition of Algerian myrtle leaf oil. The chemical composition of 42 oil samples of M. communis isolated from leaves collected in five locations from Tlemcen Province was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) in combination with retention indices, GC-mass spectroscopy, and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Yields ranged between 0.13% and 1.04% (w/w). The chemical composition of the oils was largely dominated by monoterpene hydrocarbons, with α-pinene (24.3-59.0%) and 1,8-cineole (13.2-49.5%) being the major compounds followed by limonene (3.2-19.8%). The 42 compositions were submitted to statistical analyses. The combination of hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis allowed the distinction of two groups, the second group being subdivided into two subgroups. Groups and subgroups were differentiated with respect to their contents of α-pinene and 1,8-cineole and, to a lesser extent, of limonene. This study ensures that Algerian myrtle leaf oil belongs to the “α-pinene-cineole” chemotype which displays various biological activities. The observed homogeneity could be a positive point to join the international market of essential oils.

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Seasonal Effect on the Chemical Composition, Insecticidal Properties and Other Biological Activities of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. & Perr. Essential Oils

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9050550 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 550 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Evelyne Amenan Tanoh ◽

Guy Blanchard Boué ◽

Fatimata Nea ◽

Manon Genva ◽

Esse Leon Wognin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Wild Plant ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Seasonal Effect ◽

The Impact

This study focused, for the first time, on the evaluation of the seasonal effect on the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils hydrodistillated from leaves, trunk bark and fruits of Zanthoxylum leprieurii (Z. leprieurii), a traditional medicinal wild plant growing in Côte d’Ivoire. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh organs of Z. leprieurii growing on the same site over several months using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Leaf essential oils were dominated by tridecan-2-one (9.00 ± 0.02–36.80 ± 0.06%), (E)-β-ocimene (1.30 ± 0.50–23.57 ± 0.47%), β-caryophyllene (7.00 ± 1.02–19.85 ± 0.48%), dendrolasin (1.79 ± 0.08–16.40 ± 0.85%) and undecan-2-one (1.20 ± 0.03–8.51 ± 0.35%). Fruit essential oils were rich in β-myrcene (16.40 ± 0.91–48.27 ± 0.26%), citronellol (1.90 ± 0.02–28.24 ± 0.10%) and geranial (5.30 ± 0.53–12.50 ± 0.47%). Tridecan-2-one (45.26 ± 0.96–78.80 ± 0.55%), β-caryophyllene (1.80 ± 0.23–13.20 ± 0.33%), α-humulene (4.30 ± 1.09–12.73 ± 1.41%) and tridecan-2-ol (2.23 ± 0.17–10.10 ± 0.61%) were identified as major components of trunk bark oils. Statistical analyses of essential oil compositions showed that the variability mainly comes from the organs. Indeed, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed us to cluster the samples into three groups, each one consisting of one different Z. leprieurii organ, showing that essential oils hydrodistillated from the different organs do not display the same chemical composition. However, significant differences in essential oil compositions for the same organ were highlighted during the studied period, showing the impact of the seasonal effect on essential oil compositions. Biological activities of the produced essential oils were also investigated. Essential oils exhibited high insecticidal activities against Sitophilus granarius, as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and moderate anti-plasmodial properties.

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Effects of Gender and Geographical Origin on the Chemical Composition and Antiradical Activity of Baccharis myriocephala and Baccharis trimera

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9101433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1433

Author(s):

Suzana Struiving ◽

Ana Carolina Mendes Hacke ◽

Edésio Luiz Simionatto ◽

Dilamara Riva Scharf ◽

Cláudia Vargas Klimaczewski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antiradical Activity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Array Detector ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Baccharis Trimera

This study aimed to characterize and compare essential oils and ethyl acetate fractions obtained in basic and acidic conditions from both male and female Baccharis species (Baccharis myriocephala and Baccharis trimera) from two different Brazilian regions. Samples were characterized according to their chemical compositions and antiradical activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Principal component analysis (PCA) provided a clear separation regarding the chemical composition of essential oils from the samples obtained from different regions by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with flame-ionization detection (GC-MS-FID). PCA also revealed that gender and region of plant collections did not influence the chemical composition and antiradical activity of ethyl acetate fractions, which was corroborated with hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) data. High performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) identified significant quantities of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the fractions obtained in basic and acidic fractions, respectively. The obtained results clearly demonstrated that the geographical region of plant collection influenced the chemical composition of essential oils from the studied Baccharis species. Moreover, the obtained fractions were constituted by several antiradical compounds, which reinforced the usage of these species in folk medicine.

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Chemical composition and biological activities of leaf and fruit essential oils from Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2016-0033 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 72 (11-12) ◽

pp. 483-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gulden Dogan ◽

Nazan Kara ◽

Eyup Bagci ◽

Seher Gur

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Fruit Oil ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

AbstractThe chemical composition of the essential oils from the leaves and fruit ofEucalyptus camaldulensisgrown in Mersin, Turkey was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The biological activities (antibacterial and antifungal) were examined using the agar well diffusion method. The main leaf oil constituents werep-cymene (42.1%), eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) (14.1%), α-pinene (12.7%) and α-terpinol (10.7%). The main constituents of the fruit oil were eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) (34.5%),p-cymene (30.0%), α-terpinol (15.1%) and α-pinene (9.0%). Our results showed that both types of oils are rich in terms of monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes. The leaf and fruit essential oils ofE. camaldulensissignificantly inhibited the growth of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureusandBacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coliandStreptococcussp.) bacteria (p<0.05). The oils also showed fungicidal activity againstCandida tropicalisandC. globrata. Leaf essential oils showed more activity than fruit essential oils, probably due to the higher p-cymene concentration in leaves.

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from the Leaves, Stems, and Roots of Kadsura coccinea

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26206259 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (20) ◽

pp. 6259

Author(s):

Tianming Zhao ◽

Chao Ma ◽

Guofei Zhu

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries ◽

Kadsura Coccinea ◽

Radical Scavenging Assay

The chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils from the leaves, stems, and roots of Kadsura coccinea (K. coccinea) were investigated. The essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Antioxidant activities of the essential oils were examined with DPPH radical scavenging assay, ABTS cation radical scavenging assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum microbiocidal concentrations (MMC). Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the essential oils were also tested. A total of 46, 44, and 47 components were identified in the leaf, stem, and root oils, representing 95.66%, 97.35%, and 92.72% of total composition, respectively. The major compounds of three essential oils were α-pinene (16.60–42.02%), β-pinene (10.03–18.82%), camphene (1.56–10.95%), borneol (0.50–7.71%), δ-cadinene (1.52–7.06%), and β-elemene (1.86–4.45%). The essential oils were found to have weak antioxidant activities and cholinesterase inhibition activities. The essential oils showed more inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) than those of other strains. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in the root oil against S. aureus, with MIC of 0.78 mg/mL. Therefore, K. coccinea essential oils might be considered as a natural antibacterial agent against S. aureus with potential application in food and pharmaceutical industries.

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The Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils from the Leaf, Stem-Bark and Twig of Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier (Combretaceae) from Nigeria

European Journal of Advanced Chemistry Research ◽

10.24018/ejchem.2020.1.5.15 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Olajumoke Mariam Owoade ◽

David Gbenga Oke

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Mass Spectrometer ◽

Principal Component ◽

Volatile Oil ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Volatile Oils ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Xylene Isomers

The essential oils from the leaf, stem-bark and twig of Terminalia mantaly were isolated by hydrodistillation. The volatile oils analysed on Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometer (GC - MS). The identified constituents were twelve, twenty-three and seventeen for the leaf, stem-bark and twig and accounted for 89.57%, 95.77%, 95.92% respectively. Hexahydrofarnesylacetone (30.05%) and Z-pinane (16.71%) were the main constituents in the leaf oil and nonanal (21.16%) and heptanal (10.57%) were principal component in the stem-bark volatile oil. Xylene isomers namely, meta and para (21.98%-23.56%) were the major components of the twig with substantial amount of nonanal (13.64%).

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The Essential Oil Compositions of Three Teucrium Taxa Growing Wild in Sicily: HCA and PCA Analyses

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 643

Author(s):

Giorgia Catinella ◽

Natale Badalamenti ◽

Vincenzo Ilardi ◽

Sergio Rosselli ◽

Laura De Martino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

The Other ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Geographical Variations ◽

Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽

Principal Component Analyses

The chemical composition and the qualitative and quantitative variability of the essential oils of three taxa belonging to the Teucrium genus were studied. The investigated taxa, that grow wild in Sicily, were Teucrium flavum L. (section Chamaedrys (Mill.) Scheb.), Teucrium montanum and Teucrium capitatum L. of section Polium (Mill.) Scheb. Essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. In total, 74 compounds were identified. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were found to be the main group for T. flavum (48.3%). T. capitatum consisted essentially of monoterpene hydrocarbons (72.7%), with α-pinene (19.9%), β-pinene (27.6%) and sylvestrene (16.6%) as the most abundant compounds whereas ledene oxide (12.1%), epiglobulol (13.5%) and longifolenaldehyde (14.5%) were identified as the main constituents among the oxygenated sesquiterpenes (63.5%) of T. montanum. Furthermore, a complete literature review on the composition of the essential oils of all the other accessions of these Teucrium taxa, studied so far, was performed. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were used in order to demonstrate geographical variations in the composition of the essential oils.

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Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Lippia multiflora Moldenke Essential Oil from Different Regions of Angola

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26010155 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

Nsevolo Samba ◽

Radhia Aitfella-Lahlou ◽

Mpazu Nelo ◽

Lucia Silva ◽

Rui Coca. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Intraspecific Variability ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Vapour Phase ◽

Lippia Multiflora

The purpose of the study was to determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Lippia multiflora Moldenke essential oils (EOs) collected in different regions of Angola. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar wells technique and vapour phase test. Analysis of the oils by GC/MS identified thirty-five components representing 67.5 to 100% of the total oils. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most prevalent compounds, followed by oxygenated monoterpenes. The content of the compounds varied according to the samples. The main components were Limonene, Piperitenone, Neral, Citral, Elemol, p-cymene, Transtagetone, and Artemisia ketone. Only one of the eleven samples contained Verbenone as the majority compound. In the vapour phase test, a single oil was the most effective against all the pathogens studied. The principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of components of the selected EOs and inhibition zone diameter values of agar wells technique allowed us to identify a variability between the plants from the two provinces, but also intraspecific variability between sub-groups within a population. Each group of essential oils constituted a chemotype responsible for their bacterial inhibition capacity. The results presented here suggest that Angolan Lippia multiflora Moldenke has antibacterial properties and could be a potential source of antimicrobial agents for the pharmaceutical and food industry.

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Chemometric Comparison and Classification of Some Essential Oils Extracted from Plants Belonging to Apiaceae and Lamiaceae Families Based on Their Chemical Composition and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23092261 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 2261 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Cristina Semeniuc ◽

Maria-Ioana Socaciu ◽

Sonia Socaci ◽

Vlad Mureșan ◽

Melinda Fogarasi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Principal Component ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Chemometric Methods ◽

Weak Antibacterial Activity

This study is focused on the comparison and classification of parsley, lovage, basil, and thyme essential oils (EOs) based on their chemical composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activities by using appropriate chemometric methods: Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results showed that parsley, lovage, and thyme EOs are rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons, but basil EO is rich in oxygenated monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids, and that both PCA and HCA separated essential oils into two main groups of which one contains two sub-groups. β-Phellandrene was the major component identified in parsley and lovage EOs, estragole was the major component in basil EO, and p-cymene was the major component in thyme EO. Thyme EO showed the highest level of total phenolics, the highest antioxidant capacity, and exhibited the stronger antibacterial activity, results that were emphasized by both chemometric methods used. Among tested essential oils, the one of parsley was distinguished by a low total TPC, weak antioxidant activity, and weak antibacterial activity against S. enteritidis (ATCC 13076); lovage EO by low TPC, weak antioxidant activity, but moderate antibacterial activity; and basil EO by low TPC, moderate antioxidant activity, and weak antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes (ATCC 19114).

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