scholarly journals Perceived Popularity and Online Political Dissent: Evidence from Twitter in Venezuela

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan S. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Perceived Popularity ◽  
Political Expression ◽  
Political Dissent ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Differential Increase ◽  
The Relationship

On October 31, 2013, thousands of Twitter accounts, automated to actively retweet President Nicolas Maduro of Venezuela, were unexpectedly closed by the social media platform. I exploit this event to study the relationship between perceived popularity on social media (amplified through the use of bot accounts) and online political expression. The analysis uses more than two hundred thousand tweets spanning six months around the event and employs a quasi-experimental empirical framework. Following the closure of the accounts, the volume of tweets mentioning the president increased by an estimated 33 percent, with a differential increase for critical messages. Relative to tweets by government leaders, the number of likes for tweets by opposition leaders increased by an estimated 21 percent. Consistent with the presence of a spiral of silence in online political expression, the results suggest that the change in the perceived popularity of Maduro led to an increase in users’ willingness to express both criticism of the president and support for the opposition. While previous studies have documented how autocratic governments engage in manipulative online campaigns, this paper provides evidence of their effectiveness and highlights an important mechanism through which they can influence behavior.

Study of Consumer Brand Following Intention on Instagram

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Simran Kaur Madan ◽  
Payal S. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Consumer Motivation ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Consumer Skepticism ◽  
Consumption Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The research, based on uses and gratifications theory, identifies consumer motivation and factors that influence consumers' intention to follow brands on the social media platform of Instagram. Accordingly, this study empirically examines the role of need for self-enhancement, the need for entertainment, and deal-seeking behaviour on the intention to follow brands on Instagram. Further, the study investigates the mediation of social media usage behaviour for consumption decisions on eliciting brand following behaviour. Moderation of consumer skepticism on the relationship of deal-seeking behaviour, and intention to follow brands is also investigated. Findings reveal a significant direct effect of need for self-enhancement, need for entertainment, and deal-seeking behaviour on intention to follow brands. Indirect effect of social media usage behaviour for consumption decisions was also significant; however, moderation of consumer skepticism was not found to be significant. The study will help marketers create engaging content that enables consumer-brand interactions.

scholarly journals No Homo: Gendered Dimensions of Homophobic Epithets Online

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Pascoe ◽  
Sarah Diefendorf
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Finding ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
The Relationship

We examine a case of homophobic language online, specifically the deployment of the phrase “no homo,” shorthand for “I’m not a homosexual.” An analysis of 396 instances (comprising 1061 individual tweets) of the use of the phrase “no homo” on the social media platform Twitter suggests that the phrase is a gendered epithet that conveys cultural norms about masculinity. The first finding is that the phrase is used more often by male tweeters than by female tweeters. The second, as predicted by the literature on homophobia, is that the phrase is used in a negative emotional context to convey disapproval for men’s homosexuality or behavior that is not gender normative. The third finding is that the modal use of the phrase “no homo” is in a positive emotional context, accompanying expressions of men’s pleasure, desire, affection, attachment, and friendship. Our analysis suggests that the phrase “no homo” is a gendered one, primarily used by men to facilitate a particularly masculinized construction of positive emotional expression. Our research adds to and complicates findings on the relationship between homophobia and masculinity that suggests that homophobia is an organizing principal of masculinity in western cultures.

scholarly journals A Pit-bull in Lipstick: The Reciprocal Brand Rhetoric of Sarah Palin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Audience Participation ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Sarah Palin ◽  
2012 Election ◽  
The Relationship

This Major Research paper will focus on the Republican American politician Sarah Palin. Sarah Palin is a political figure who has played an interesting role in Republican politics over the last four years. As an unexpected candidate for John McCain’s 2008 Vice Presidential nomination, Palin garnered unprecedented media attention for a running mate. Sarah Palin is a media celebrity, a potential Republican candidate for the 2012 election, and an international household name. The purpose of this research is to explore Sarah Palin as a political actor and celebrity icon by analyzing her use of new media as a platform for her political rhetoric. Specifically, this study looks at the discourse used in Sarah Palin’s social media campaign, with a direct focus on the social media outlet of Facebook. Facebook is a non-traditional political media platform, which allows politicians contact with millions of users in a format that is social, personal and direct. Many politicians have been utilizing new media platforms in order to communicate their political messages to new and diverse audiences. This study analyzes how Sarah Palin is utilizing the medium of Facebook, and how the language she uses in communicating to her supporters affects their experience of current political events. This study aims to show the relationship between the rhetoric she chooses to employ, and the comment activity of her supporters on Facebook. Selections of Sarah Palin’s Facebook Note documents were chosen in order to narrow the scope of this research. The research questions that has directed this study is: Through the social media platform of Facebook, what function does Palin’s use of metaphor play in the reciprocal discourse of supporter comments? Do literary devices such as metaphor affect the nature of audience participation in political social media?

scholarly journals The Online Looking Glass: The Study of Self Esteem and Narcissism on Instagram within a Patriarchal and Collectivist Society

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-296
Author(s):  
Juliet Dinkha ◽  
Charles Mitchell ◽  
Bashar Zogheib ◽  
Aya Abdulhadi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Mediated Messages ◽  
The Relationship

Online social networking sites have revealed an entirely new method of impression management and self-expression. These user-generated social tools present a new and evolving medium of investigation to study personality and identity. The current study examines how narcissism and self-esteem are demonstrated on the social networking application Instagram. To frame our research, we utilized the Uses and Gratifications Theory, which explains why audiences consume mediated messages and how and why authors create user-generated media (UGM). In this research our objective was to understand how and why users of Instagram in Kuwait were using the social media platform and how it related and impacted their self-esteem and how it revealed, if any, narcissistic personality traits. To do so, self-esteem and narcissistic personality self-reports were collected from 79 Instagram users in Kuwait and we also followed and analyzed their Instagram accounts. In our analysis, these participants’ profiles were coded on self-promotional content features based on their Instagram photos and captions posted on their Instagram accounts. By probing the relationship between this new medium, we can begin to understand the relationship amongst technology, culture, and the self. Keywords: social media, Kuwait, Instagram, self-esteem, narcissism, social networking

scholarly journals Adolescent Attachment to Parents and Peers and the Use of Instagram: The Mediation Role of Psychopathological Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3965
Author(s):  
Giulia Ballarotto ◽  
Barbara Volpi ◽  
Renata Tambelli
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Media Addiction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Adolescent Attachment ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
The Relationship

Several studies have shown an association between adolescents’ attachment relationships and social media use. Instagram is the social media platform most used by teenagers and recent studies have shown an association between Instagram use and increased psychopathological risk. The present study aims to verify whether psychopathological risk mediates the relationship between an adolescent’s attachment to their parents and peers and their Instagram addiction. N = 372 adolescents are assessed through self-report questionnaires evaluating Instagram addiction, the adolescents’ attachments to parents and peers, and their psychopathological risk. The Bergen Instagram Addiction Scale (BIAS) is developed by adapting the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. Results show the validity and reliability of the BIAS, confirming a one-factor structure. Findings show that a worse attachment to parents and peers is associated with adolescents’ psychopathological risk, which is associated with Instagram addiction. This finding has important clinical implications. Being able to intervene in adolescents’ relationships with parents and peers and the ways in which adolescents feel in relation to others could allow for a reduction in adolescents’ psychological difficulties, involving reduced Instagram use as a vehicle for the expression of their psychopathological symptoms.

scholarly journals Cognitive reflection correlates with behavior on Twitter

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mosleh ◽  
Gordon Pennycook ◽  
Antonio Alonso Arechar ◽  
David Gertler Rand
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Reflective Thinking ◽  
Cognitive Reflection Test ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
Cognitive Reflection ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

We investigate the relationship between individual differences in cognitivereflection and behavior on the social media platform Twitter, using a sample of N=1,901 individuals from Prolific. We find that people who score higher on the Cognitive Reflection Test – a widely used measure of reflective thinking – were more discerning in their social media use: they followed more selectively, shared news content from more reliable sources, and Tweeted about weightier subjects (e.g., politics). Furthermore, a network analysis indicates that the phenomenon of echo chambers, in which discourse is more likely with like-minded others, is not limited to politics: people who scored lower in cognitive reflection tended to follow a set of accounts which are avoided by people who scored higher in cognitive reflection. Our results help to illuminate the drivers of behavior on social media platforms and challenge intuitionist notions that reflective thinking is unimportant for everyday judgment and decision-making.

scholarly journals A Pit-bull in Lipstick: The Reciprocal Brand Rhetoric of Sarah Palin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Audience Participation ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Sarah Palin ◽  
2012 Election ◽  
The Relationship

This Major Research paper will focus on the Republican American politician Sarah Palin. Sarah Palin is a political figure who has played an interesting role in Republican politics over the last four years. As an unexpected candidate for John McCain’s 2008 Vice Presidential nomination, Palin garnered unprecedented media attention for a running mate. Sarah Palin is a media celebrity, a potential Republican candidate for the 2012 election, and an international household name. The purpose of this research is to explore Sarah Palin as a political actor and celebrity icon by analyzing her use of new media as a platform for her political rhetoric. Specifically, this study looks at the discourse used in Sarah Palin’s social media campaign, with a direct focus on the social media outlet of Facebook. Facebook is a non-traditional political media platform, which allows politicians contact with millions of users in a format that is social, personal and direct. Many politicians have been utilizing new media platforms in order to communicate their political messages to new and diverse audiences. This study analyzes how Sarah Palin is utilizing the medium of Facebook, and how the language she uses in communicating to her supporters affects their experience of current political events. This study aims to show the relationship between the rhetoric she chooses to employ, and the comment activity of her supporters on Facebook. Selections of Sarah Palin’s Facebook Note documents were chosen in order to narrow the scope of this research. The research questions that has directed this study is: Through the social media platform of Facebook, what function does Palin’s use of metaphor play in the reciprocal discourse of supporter comments? Do literary devices such as metaphor affect the nature of audience participation in political social media?

The athletic labour of femininity: The branding and consumption of global celebrity sportswomen on Instagram

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Toffoletti ◽  
Holly Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Feminine Subjectivity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Interaction ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fan Engagement

This article explores the relationship between consumer culture, female athletic representation and online fan engagement on the photograph-based social media platform Instagram. It argues that social media interaction between female athletes and fans is governed by gender norms and arrangements that expect and reward female athletic articulations of empowerment, entrepreneurialism and individualisation in the context of postfeminism and consumer self-fashioning. Examining the Instagram feeds of five global sport stars, this study demonstrates that the feedback of fans and followers plays a critical role in influencing the gendered work undertaken by female athletes to present an appealing consumer ‘brand’, according to the desires of the market. We propose a new conceptual framework – the athletic labour of femininity – to understand the ways in which elite sportswomen cultivate an authentic brand in the sports marketplace. More than a type of ‘bodywork’, the athletic labour of femininity responds to consumer expectations that women demonstrate a successful feminine subjectivity characterised by notions of personal choice, individual responsibility and self-management. It takes the form of emphasising empowered femininity, celebrating hetero-sexiness and revealing personal intimacies as part of crafting a feminine sporting persona which draws online comment and likes from followers and fans. By focusing on the role online fan interaction plays in shaping the athletic labour of femininity, this research advances existing studies of how representations of sportswomen are produced and consumed by paying particular attention to the social conditions influencing how sportswomen represent the self online and the gender power relations that serve to govern expressions of desirable athletic femininity.

scholarly journals What Drives Continuance Intention towards Social Media? Social Influence and Identity Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athapol Ruangkanjanases ◽  
Shu-Ling Hsu ◽  
Yenchun Jim Wu ◽  
Shih-Chih Chen ◽  
Jo-Yu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
New Media ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Continuance Intention ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Continuous Usage Intention

With the growth of social media communities, people now use this new media to engage in many interrelated activities. As a result, social media communities have grown into popular and interactive platforms among users, consumers and enterprises. In the social media era of high competition, increasing continuance intention towards a specific social media platform could transfer extra benefits to such virtual groups. Based on the expectation-confirmation model (ECM), this research proposed a conceptual framework incorporating social influence and social identity as key determinants of social media continuous usage intention. The research findings of this study highlight that: (1) the social influence view of the group norms and image significantly affects social identity; (2) social identity significantly affects perceived usefulness and confirmation; (3) confirmation has a significant impact on perceived usefulness and satisfaction; (4) perceived usefulness and satisfaction have positive effects on usage continuance intention. The results of this study can serve as a guide to better understand the reasons for and implications of social media usage and adoption.

scholarly journals Social Media Activities and Its Influence on Customer-Brand Relationship: An Empirical Study of Apparel Retailers’ Activity in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-617
Author(s):  
Sukanya Sharma ◽  
Saumya Singh ◽  
Fedric Kujur ◽  
Gairik Das
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Brand Relationship ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
The Relationship

In this digital era, the internet, and Social Media (SM) has had a radical impact on the shopping behavior of “costumers” The SM provides a platform where “costumers” are exposed to the best product with the best price along with reviews and opinions about the merchandise. So, we can turn our heads and look at a brand in a way as if the brand is speaking to us. This study was an attempt to explore the Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMA) that are being used for the marketing of fashionable products like apparel and to what level the SMMA activities of brands truly strengthen the relationship with customers and motivate purchase intention. Moreover, SMMA has a robust application in developing a marketing strategy for business. It has become a significant tool that collaborates with businesses and people. It is concluded that the “costumer”-brand relationship does have a positive and statistically significant impact on consumers’ purchase intention through SM.

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