Usefulness of Nasal Endoscopy for Diagnosing Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-314
Author(s):  
Do Hyun Kim ◽  
Youngjun Seo ◽  
Kyung Min Kim ◽  
Seoungmin Lee ◽  
Se Hwan Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Nasal Endoscopy ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Endoscopic Score

Background We evaluated the accuracy of nasal endoscopy in diagnosing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) compared with paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT). Methods Two authors independently searched the 5 databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane database) up to March 2019. For all included studies, we calculated correlation coefficients between the endoscopic and CT scores. We extracted data on true-positive and false-positive and true-negative and false-negative results. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (version 2). Results We included 16 observational or retrospective studies. A high correlation ( r = .8543; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.7685–0.9401], P < .0001, I2 = 76.58%) between endoscopy and CT in terms of the diagnostic accuracy for CRS was apparent. The odds ratio (Lund–Kennedy endoscopic score ≥1) was 7.915 (95% CI [4.435–14.124]; I2 = 28.361%). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.765. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.726 (95% CI [0.584–0.834]) and 0.767 (95% CI [0.685–0.849]), respectively. However, high interstudy heterogeneity was evident given the different endoscopic score thresholds used (Lund–Kennedy endoscopic score ≥1 vs 2). In a subgroup analysis of studies using a Lund–Kennedy endoscopic score threshold ≥2, the area under the summary curve was 0.881, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.874 (95% CI [0.783–0.930]) and 0.793 (95% CI [0.366–0.962]), respectively. Conclusion Nasal endoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool; the Lund–Kennedy score was comparable with that of CT.

The role of serum periostin in the diagnosis of asthma: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Lei Yang ◽  
Qingtao Zhao ◽  
Shuyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarker ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Serum Periostin

Background: Serum periostin has been proposed as a noninvasive biomarker for asthma diagnosis and management. However, its accuracy for the diagnosis of asthma in different populations is not completely clear. Methods: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of periostin level in the clinical determination of asthma. Several medical literature data bases were searched for relevant studies through December 1, 2019. The numbers of patients with true-positive, false-positive, false-negative, and true-negative results for the periostin level were extracted from each individual study. We assessed the risk of bias by using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. We used the meta-analysis to produce summary estimates of accuracy. Results: In total, nine studies with 1757 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios for the detection of asthma were 0.58 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38‐0.76), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.74‐0.93), and 8.28 (95% CI, 3.67‐18.68), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79‐0.85). And significant publication bias was found in this meta‐analysis (p = 0.39). Conclusion: Serum periostin may be used for the diagnosis of asthma, with moderate diagnostic accuracy.

Methylene Blue as a Diagnosis and Screening Tool for Oral Cancer and Precancer

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982094768
Author(s):  
Se Hwan Hwang ◽  
Sung Won Kim ◽  
Eun A. Song ◽  
Junuk Lee ◽  
Do Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative

Objectives To evaluate the accuracy of methylene blue (MB) for diagnosing oral cancer and precancer. Data Sources PubMed, Cochrane Database, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Review Methods Two authors working independently reviewed 6 databases from their dates of inception until April 2020. Studies exploring oral mucosal disorders as detected by MB were assessed. True-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative data were extracted for each study. Methodological quality was evaluated with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (v 2). Results Seven prospective and retrospective studies (N = 493) were included. The diagnostic odds ratio of MB was 20.017 (95% CI, 10.65-37.63, I2 = 23%). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.699. Sensitivity was 0.903 (95% CI, 0.84-0.94, I2 = 54%), and specificity was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.60-0.75, I2 = 0%). The correlation between the sensitivity and the false-positive rate was –0.17, indicating an absence of heterogeneity. Conclusions Regarding diagnostic accuracy, MB had high sensitivity but low specificity, suggesting that it cannot be recommended as a replacement for the currently used standard of a scalpel biopsy with histologic assessment. Instead, it should be used as an adjunct to conventional assessment because of its low toxicity and price.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA for tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253658
Author(s):  
Guocan Yu ◽  
Yanqin Shen ◽  
Bo Ye ◽  
Yan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still difficult. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for diagnosing of TB. Methods We searched relevant databases for studies that used cfDNA to diagnose TB. We evaluated the accuracy of cfDNA compared with the composite reference standard (CRS) and culture. True positive, false positive, false negative, and true negative values for cfDNA were obtained first, then the estimated pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve (AUC) of cfDNA for diagnosing TB were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was determined using the I2 statistic. When the heterogeneity was obvious, the source of heterogeneity was further discussed. Results We included 14 independent studies comparing cfDNA with the CRS, and 4 studies compared with culture. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, DOR, and AUC of the SROC were 68%, 98%,99%, 62%, 83, and 0.97 as compared with the CRS, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, DOR, and AUC of the SROC were 48%, 91%, 92%, 60%, 5, and 0.88 as compared with culture, respectively. The heterogeneity between studies was significant. Conclusions The accuracy of cfDNA testing for TB diagnosis was good compared with CRS and culture. cfDNA can be used for rapid early diagnosis of TB.

scholarly journals Serum CA72-4 as a biomarker in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis

Open Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Yanqing ◽  
Dong Cheng ◽  
Xu Ling
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative

AbstractThe purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the serum CA72-4 as a biomarker in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer by pooling the open published data. Methods. An electronic search of databases Pubmed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Embase CBM, and CNKI were performed by two reviewers (Han Yanqing, Dong Cheng) independently to identify the studies relevant to serum CA72-4 as a biomarker in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The patient number of true positive(tp), false positive(fp), false negative(fn) and true negative(tn) were extracted from each included study. The diagnostic performance of serum CA72-4 as a biomarker in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer was assessed by pooled sensitivity, specificity and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve (HSROC). All the data was pooled by MetaDiSc 1.4 and Stata/SE 11.0 statistical software. Results A total of 22 studies with 2474 colorectal patients and 1576 controls were included in the present study and meta-analysis. The combined diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 0.50 (95%CI:0.48-0.52) and 0.86 (95%CI:0.84-0.88) for serum CA72-4 as a biomarker in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The pooled positive and negative likelihood ratio were 3.41(95%CI:2.57-4.53) and 0.62(0.55-0.71). The pooled area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.73. Deeks’funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test (p=0.49) showed no significant publication bias in the present meta-analysis. Conclusion Due toits low diagnostic sensitivity, the diagnostic performance of serum CA72-4 as a biomarker for colorectal cancer screening is limited.

scholarly journals Predictive value of olfactory and taste symptoms in the diagnosis of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minbum Kim ◽  
Do Hyun Kim ◽  
So Yeon Yoon ◽  
Sung Won Kim ◽  
Hansol Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Taste Changes ◽  
Patient Reported

Objectives: This study evaluated the diagnostic value of the various symptoms of COVID-19 in the screening of this disease.Methods: Two authors (working independently) comprehensively reviewed six databases (PubMed, Cochrane database, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar) from their dates of inception until November 2020. Patient-reported symptoms, including otolaryngologic and general symptoms, were evaluated for their predictive values in adults who underwent testing for COVID-19. True-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative data were extracted from each study. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (ver. 2). Results: Twenty-eight prospective and retrospective studies were included in the meta-analysis. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of a change in olfaction and/or taste was 10.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.43; 12.34). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8. Olfactory and/or taste changes had a low sensitivity (0.57, 95%CI: 0.47; 0.66) but moderate negative (0.78, 95%CI: 0.69; 0.85] and positive (0.78, 95%CI: 0.66; 0.87) predictive values and a high specificity (0.91, (95%CI: 0.83; 0.96). Olfactory and/or taste changes had a higher diagnostic value than the other otolaryngologic symptoms, a higher DOR and specificity, and a similar or higher diagnostic value than the other general symptoms. Conclusions: Among otolaryngologic symptoms, olfactory and/or taste dysfunction was the most highly associated with COVID-19 and its general symptoms and should be considered when screening for the disease.

Performance of Serum Glypican 3 in Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-10
Author(s):  
Dahai Xu ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
Liang Sun ◽  
Yuanyuan Gao ◽  
Youjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Non Invasive

Introduction and aim. Serum glypican-3 (GPC3) has been explored as a non-invasive biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, controversy remains on its diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and metaanalysis to evaluate the differential diagnostic accuracy of serum GPC3 between HCC and liver cirrhosis (LC) cases. Material and methods. After the strict filtering and screening of studies from NCBI, PUBMED, Clinical Trials, Cochrane library, Embase, Prospero and Web of Science databases, 11 studies were selected. All studies provided the sensitivity and specificity of GPC3 and the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the HCC and LC diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were determined and compared between GPC3 and AFP, which was set as a positive control. Results. Pooled sensitivity (95% CI) and specificity (95% CI) were 0.55 (0.52-0.58) and 0.58 (0.54-0.61) for GPC3, 0.54 (0.51-0.57) and 0.83 (0.80-0.85) for AFP, and 0.85 (0.81-0.89) and 0.79 (0.73-0.84) for GPC3 + AFP, respectively. The AUCs of GPC3, AFP and GPC3 + AFP were 0.7793, 0.7867 and 0.9366, respectively. GPC3 had a nearly similar sensitivity as AFP, while the specificity and AUC of GPC3 was lower than that of AFP. The combination of GPC3 and AFP yielded a better sensitivity and AUC than GPC3 or AFP. Conclusion. Serum GPC3 is inferior to AFP in the differential diagnosis between HCC and LC. However, the combination of GPC3 and AFP exhibited a much better performance.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Accuracy of HE4 in Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daye Cheng ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Hu He
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The diagnostic value of serum HE4 in patients with lung cancer remains controversial. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of serum HE4 for lung cancer. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WANFANG databases between Jan. 1966 and Nov. 2014. The diagnostic sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were pooled by Meta-DiSc 1.4 software. A total of seven articles including 715 cases and 549 controls were included for analysis. The summary estimates for serum HE4 in the diagnosis of lung cancer in these studies were pooled SEN 0.72 (95% CI: 0.68–0.75), SPE 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81–0.88), PLR 4.68 (95% CI: 3.23–6.78), NLR 0.31 (95% CI: 0.24–0.39), and DOR 17.14 (95% CI: 9.72–30.20), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.8557. This meta-analysis indicated that serum HE4 is a potential tool in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In addition, considering the high heterogeneity and potential publication bias, further studies with rigorous design and large sample size are needed in the future.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound for transient tachypnea of the newborn: A meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248827
Author(s):  
Lili He ◽  
Yinghua Sun ◽  
Wei Sheng ◽  
Qiong Yao
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic

Several recent studies demonstrated that lung ultrasound could achieve desired diagnostic accuracy for transient tachypnea of the neonate (TTN). However, the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound for TTN has not been systematically studied to date. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the performance of lung ultrasound in diagnosing TTN. The relevant literature was searched in PubMed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases without any restriction in terms of language and time until January 31, 2021. Studies that assessed the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound for TTN were included. Seven studies with 1514 participants were summarized. The lung ultrasound provided more accurate performance for diagnosing TTN with pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.67 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.63–0.71] and 0.97 (95% CI = 0.95–0.98), respectively. A higher summarized area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was observed as 0.9906. Lower sensitivity and area under the curve (AUC) of B-lines for TTN were observed as 0.330 (95% CI = 0.27–0.38) and 0.5000, respectively. Lung ultrasound provided highly accurate AUC, sensitivity, and specificity in detecting TTN. Large-scale studies are warranted in the future to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of D-dimer to detect left atrial thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Diaz-Arocutipa ◽  
A.C Gonzales-Luna ◽  
A Branez-Condorena ◽  
A.V Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Left Atrial Thrombus ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Atrial Thrombus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background There is limited evidence on the use of biomarkers to diagnose left atrial thrombus in atrial fibrillation. Purpose We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of D-dimer to detect left atrial thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods We searched four electronic databases from inception to December 16, 2020 for observational studies evaluating diagnostic accuracy of D-dimer. Reference standard was left atrial thrombus detected by transesophageal echocardiography. Study quality was assessed with the QUADAS-2 tool. We performed a bivariate random-effects meta-analysis to calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). In addition, a summary receiver operating characteristic curve and optimal cut-off were estimated. Results Eleven cross-sectional studies involving 4380 patients were included. The mean age ranged from 49.8 to 74.1 years and 70% of patients were men. Left atrial thrombus was present in 7% of cases. In seven studies, the pooled sensitivity of D-dimer at 500 ng/mL was 53% (95% CI, 26–79%) and the pooled specificity was 92% (95% CI, 80–97%). The pooled sensitivity of age-adjusted D-dimer was 35% (95% CI, 18–57%) and the pooled specificity was 100% (95% CI, 100–100%) in two studies. The optimal cut-off was 390 ng/mL in 10 studies with a pooled sensitivity of 68% (95% CI, 44–85%) and a pooled specificity of 73% (95% CI, 54–86%). The risk of bias was low or unclear for all domains. Concerns regarding applicability were generally low for almost all studies Conclusion Our meta-analysis suggests that D-dimer has the potential to be useful to the detection of left atrial thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of PCR Alone and Compared to Urinary Antigen Testing for Detection of Legionella spp.: a Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomer Avni ◽  
Amir Bieber ◽  
Hefziba Green ◽  
Tali Steinmetz ◽  
Leonard Leibovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Consensus Definition

The diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease (LD) is based on the isolation ofLegionellaspp., a 4-fold rise in antibodies, a positive urinary antigen (UA), or direct immunofluorescence tests. PCR is not accepted as a diagnostic tool for LD. This systematic review assesses the diagnostic accuracy of PCR in various clinical samples with a direct comparison versus UA. We included prospective or retrospective cohort and case-control studies. Studies were included if they used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention consensus definition criteria of LD or a similar one, assessed only patients with clinical pneumonia, and reported data for all true-positive, false-positive, true-negative, and false-negative results. Two reviewers abstracted data independently. Risk of bias was assessed using Quadas-2. Summary sensitivity and specificity values were estimated using a bivariate model and reported with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Thirty-eight studies were included. A total of 653 patients had confirmed LD, and 3,593 patients had pneumonia due to other pathogens. The methodological quality of the studies as assessed by the Quadas-2 tool was poor to fair. The summary sensitivity and specificity values for diagnosis of LD in respiratory samples were 97.4% (95% CI, 91.1% to 99.2%) and 98.6% (95% CI, 97.4% to 99.3%), respectively. These results were mainly unchanged by any covariates tested and subgroup analysis. The diagnostic performance of PCR in respiratory samples was much better than that of UA. Compared to UA, PCR in respiratory samples (especially in sputum samples or swabs) revealed a significant advantage in sensitivity and an additional diagnosis of 18% to 30% of LD cases. The diagnostic performance of PCR in respiratory samples was excellent and preferable to that of the UA. Results were independent on the covariate tested. PCR in respiratory samples should be regarded as a valid tool for the diagnosis of LD.

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