The COVID-19 vaccination experience in Bangladesh: Findings from a cross-sectional study

Objectives Vaccination rollout against COVID-19 has started in developed countries in early December 2020. Mass immunization for poor or low-income countries is quite challenging before 2023. Being a lower–middle-income country, Bangladesh has begun a nationwide COVID-19 vaccination drive in early February 2021. Here, we aimed to assess the opinions, experiences, and adverse events of the COVID-19 vaccination in Bangladesh. Methods We conducted this online cross-sectional study from 10 February 2021, to 10 March 2021, in Bangladesh. A self-reported semi-structured survey questionnaire was used using Google forms. We recorded demographics, disease history, medication records, opinions and experiences of vaccination, and associated adverse events symptoms. Results We observed leading comorbid diseases were hypertension (25.9%), diabetes (21.1%), heart diseases (9.3%), and asthma (8.7%). The most frequently reported adverse events were injection site pain (34.3%), fever (32.6%), headache (20.2%), fatigue (16.6%), and cold feeling (15.4%). The chances of having adverse events were significantly higher in males than females ( p = 0.039). However, 36.4% of respondents reported no adverse events. Adverse events usually appeared after 12 h and went way within 48 h of vaccination. Besides, 85.5% were happy with the overall vaccination management, while 88.0% of the respondents recommended the COVID-19 vaccine for others for early immunization. Conclusion According to the present findings, reported adverse events after the doses of Covishield in Bangladesh were non-serious and temporary. In Bangladesh, the early vaccination against COVID-19 was possible due to its prudent vaccine deal, previous mass vaccination experience, and vaccine diplomacy.

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The association between obesity and severe disability among adults aged 50 or over in nine high-income, middle-income and low-income countries: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007313 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. e007313-e007313 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

A. Koyanagi ◽

M. V. Moneta ◽

N. Garin ◽

B. Olaya ◽

J. L. Ayuso-Mateos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Income ◽

Severe Disability ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income

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Food insecurity (hunger) and suicide attempts among 179,771 adolescents attending school from 9 high-income, 31 middle-income, and 4 low-income countries: A cross-sectional study

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 248 ◽

pp. 91-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ai Koyanagi ◽

Brendon Stubbs ◽

Hans Oh ◽

Nicola Veronese ◽

Lee Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Insecurity ◽

Low Income ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Income ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income

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Inpatients’ experience and the associated factors: A cross-sectional study at Lung hospital, Son La, in 2020

Journal of Health and Development Studies ◽

10.38148/jhds.0504skpt21-007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

pp. 110-116

Author(s):

Huu Thang Nguyen ◽

◽

Thi Nguyet Minh Doan ◽

Thanh Huong Tran ◽

Hai Thanh Pham

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Income Group ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

Medical Facilities ◽

Middle Income Group

Objectives: Medical facilities with an autonomous tendency always try to serve positive and pleasant experiences to improve the brand name, increase patient satisfaction and loyalty. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 245 inpatients at Lung Hospital in Son La province in 2020. To describe the current situation of the inpatient's experience at Lung Hospital in Son La province by 2020 and its related factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 245 inpatients at Son La Lung Hospital Results: The study showed that the total score of inpatients’ experience ranged from 22 points to 57 points and the mean of it was 39.7 (6.13) points. Subject's experience scores were divided into 2 groups, the satisfied group accounted for 32.7% and the percentage of the unsatisfied group was 67.3%. As compared to men, a higher total score of women was (OR: 1.134; 95% CI: 0.284-0.997). The urban area group’s score was 1,190 times higher than that of those who live in rural and mountainous areas (95% CI: 1,010 - 1,400). The middle-income group had more positive experience than the low-income group (OR: 1.180; 95% CI: 1.010 - 1.370). Conclusions: Our research showed that gender, living area and economic condition affected the total score of inpatients’ experience at the Lung hospital. Keywords: Patient experiences, inpatient treatment, hospital, associated factors

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Personal and domiciliary hygiene practices and its association with incidence of infectious diseases among children aged 6-59 months

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213519 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 4204

Author(s):

Md Hasanuzzaman ◽

Md Hafizur Rahman ◽

Md Shafiqul Islam Khan ◽

Musammet Rasheda Begum ◽

Farjana Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Low Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Prepared Food

Background: Over 200 million under-five-children born in low-income countries are at risk of not reaching their development potential and infectious diseases are the leading cause of development deficits in these regions.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate personal and household hygiene practices among 154 mothers and their association with the incidence of infectious diseases among 167 children aged 6 months to 59 months in Patuakhali district, Bangladesh.Results: Only 13.6% of the mothers had proper hand washing knowledge. Besides, 14% and 53.9% of the mothers washed their hands with soap and only with water respectively before feeding their child. About 68.2% of mothers prepared food on the ground and half (49.5%) of the toilet did not have a hand washing location beside it. The risk of childhood infectious disease was significantly associated with hand washing of mothers before feeding a child (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.5-4.1, p<0.05) and hand washing of child before eating (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.8-5.7, p<0.05).Conclusions: Hand washing agents were inadequate and compliance to hand washing was poor. Therefore, the continuous focus is needed on the mother's awareness construction to increase the compliance to hand washing practice among mothers as well as their child with soap, especially during child feeding.

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Wealth and cardiovascular health: a cross-sectional study of wealth-related inequalities in the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in high-, middle- and low-income countries

International Journal for Equity in Health ◽

10.1186/s12939-016-0478-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Benjamin Palafox ◽

Martin McKee ◽

Dina Balabanova ◽

Khalid F. AlHabib ◽

Alvaro Jr Avezum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Control

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The ISN 0by25 Global Snapshot Study

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000446202 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (Suppl. 2) ◽

pp. 29-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

John Feehally

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Complete Recovery ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Clinical Indication ◽

Partial Recovery ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

New Information

The International Society of Nephrology's (ISN) 0by25 initiative aims to prevent avoidable deaths from acute kidney injury (AKI) by 2025, most of which occur in low and lower middle-income countries (LLMICs). To increase evidence about the epidemiology of AKI, especially in LLMICs, ISN conducted a ‘Global Snapshot', a multinational, cross-sectional study in which 322 physicians from 72 countries in 6 continents identified 3,664 adults and 354 children with AKI who were under their care of which 45% were from LLMICs, nevertheless low-income countries were under-represented. In LLMICs, patients with AKI were younger, and community acquired AKI was more common. Hypotension (40%) and dehydration (39%) were the most common causes of AKI. Dehydration was a more common cause in LLMIC, as were sepsis, pregnancy-related AKI and animal envenomation. Acute dialysis was performed in 23% of patients. Eight percent had a clinical indication for this but were not dialyzed. In LLMICs, lack of resources (16%) and inability to afford therapy (30%) accounted for almost half of these cases. Overall mortality at 7 days was 11% and was higher in LLMICs. Complete recovery from AKI occurred in 30% of patients and partial recovery 37%, and was more often complete in LLMICs. The 0by25 Global Snapshot provides new information about the worldwide epidemiology of AKI, helping to identify elements that would be amenable in intervention to reduce preventable deaths.

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Evidence for Transmission of Taenia solium Taeniasis/Cysticercosis in a Rural Area of Northern Rwanda

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.645076 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Lucrecia Acosta Soto ◽

Lucy Anne Parker ◽

María José Irisarri-Gutiérrez ◽

Javier Arturo Bustos ◽

Yesenia Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Low Income ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Measures

Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the metacestode larval stage (cysticercus) of Taenia solium. In humans, cysticercosis may infect the central nervous system and cause neurocysticercosis, which is responsible for over 50,000 deaths per year worldwide and is the major cause of preventable epilepsy cases, especially in low-income countries. Cysticercosis infection is endemic in many less developed countries where poor hygiene conditions and free-range pig management favor their transmission. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 680 children from a rural primary school in Gakenke district (Northern province of Rwanda). Stool samples were collected from participants and analyzed using the Kato-Katz method (KK), formol-ether concentration (FEC), and/or copro-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CoAg-ELISA) to detect taeniasis. Blood samples were collected and analyzed using enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) and antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) to detect human cysticercosis. The overall proportion of taeniasis positivity was 0.3% (2/680), and both cases were also confirmed by CoAg-ELISA. A total of 13.3% (76/572) of the children studied were positive to cysticercosis (T. solium-specific serum antibodies detected by EITB), of whom 38.0% (27/71) had viable cysticercus (T. solium antigens by Ag-ELISA). This study provides evidence of the highest cysticercosis prevalence reported in Rwanda in children to date. Systematic investigations into porcine and human cysticercosis as well as health education and hygiene measures for T. solium control are needed in Gakenke district.

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Prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia 2018: A cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.13141/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sisay Shine ◽

Sindew Muhamud ◽

Solomon Adnew ◽

Alebachew Demelash ◽

Makda Abate

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Debre Berhan

Abstract Background: Diarrhea is responsible for 525,000 children under-five deaths and 1.7 billion cases globally and is the second leading cause of death among children under-five every year. It is a major public health problem in low income countries like Ethiopia. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrhea and associated risk factors among children under-five in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 420 parent or caretaker/children pairs in Debre Berhan town between 13–18 April 2018. A multi-stage sampling strategy was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaires. Data were entered in Epi-info computer software version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS Window Version-16 for analysis. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the level of significance. Results: The two week prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five was 16.4% (69/351). Children aged 7-11 months (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 - 15.3), being the second-born child (AOR: 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8 - 8.5), not vaccinated against rotavirus (AOR: 10.3, 95%CI: 3.2 - 91.3) and feeding children by hand (AOR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.1 - 6.1) were significant predictors of diarrhea. Conclusions: This study revealed that the two weeks period prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five years was 16.4%. Education programs on the importance of vaccination against rotavirus, increasing breast feeding frequency with complementary food after six months and the critical points of hand washing are recommended.

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