scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors of Women Related to Pregnancy, and Early Childhood Caries Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110133
Author(s):  
Neel Shimpi ◽  
Ingrid Glurich ◽  
Catherine Maybury ◽  
Min Qi Wang ◽  
Kazumasa Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Behaviors

Objective Health education interventions during pregnancy can influence maternal oral health (OH), maternal OH-behaviors and children’s OH. Interventions that can be delivered at anytime and anywhere, for example mobile-health (mHealth) provides an opportunity to address challenges of health education and support activation of women in underserved and rural communities to modify their health behavior. This pilot study was undertaken as a part of a mHealth initiative to determine knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to pregnancy and ECC prevention among women attending obstetrics/gynecology (OB/GYN) practices at a large rurally-based clinic. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was voluntarily engaged by women (n = 191) aged 18 to 59 years attending OB/GYN visits, over a 3-week period from 12/2019 to 1/2020. Survey results were analyzed applying descriptive statistics, X2 and Fisher’s Exact tests. The significance level was set at P < .0001 for all analyses. Results Approximately half of respondents were between 18 and 29 years (53%), had a college degree (55%), and 100% reported cell phone use. Whereas 53% and 31%, respectively, indicated that they were “somewhat” or “very” sure of how to prevent ECC in their children, only 9% recognized evidence of early decay and 30% did not know the purpose of fluoride. Overall, only 27% of participants correctly answered the knowledge-based questions. Further, only 57% reported their provider explained things in a way that was easy to understand. Only 24% reported seeing a dentist during their current pregnancy. Conclusions Study results suggested potential gaps in knowledge and behaviors related to ECC prevention and provided baseline data to inform future interventions to improve ECC prevention practices. Notably, majority of participants used their cell phones for making medical/dental appointments and reported using their phones to look up health-related information. This demographic represents a potentially receptive target for mHealth approaches to improve understanding of oral health maintenance during pregnancy and ECC prevention.

Determinants of Food Thermometer Use and Poultry Washing among Canadian Consumers

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 1900-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN YOUNG ◽  
FATIH SEKERCIOGLU ◽  
RICHARD MELDRUM
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Theoretical Domains Framework ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Safety Education ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Education And Outreach

ABSTRACT Previous surveys have found that few Canadians report using a food thermometer to check cooking doneness, and many report rinsing or washing poultry prior to cooking. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted to investigate the sociodemographic and psychosocial determinants of the reported use of these behaviors among Canadians. A questionnaire was developed, guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework, and pretested through 10 cognitive interviews. The questionnaire was administered in English and French on 18 November 2019, to an online panel of 524 Canadian consumers. Logistic and ordinal regression models were constructed to evaluate determinants of consumers' reported thermometer ownership (yes or no) and thermometer use and poultry washing frequencies (each measured on a 5-point Likert scale). Nearly two-thirds of respondents (64%; n = 333) reported owning a food thermometer. Thermometer ownership was more common among males (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02, 2.15) and those with higher income categories. Nearly 45% of these respondents (n = 147) reported often or always using their thermometer to check cooking doneness. The frequency of engaging in this behavior was best determined by four psychosocial constructs: behavioral intentions, beliefs about consequences, self-efficacy, and habits. Nearly two-thirds of respondents (64%; n = 333) reported often or always washing their poultry before cooking it. This behavior was more frequently reported by males (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.002, 2.28). It was also predicted by six psychosocial constructs: behavioral intentions, beliefs about consequences, self-efficacy, social influences, social responsibility, and habits. Habits had the largest influence on both behaviors. The study results can inform the development of more targeted food safety education and outreach initiatives to improve these behaviors among Canadians. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals Curtailing of Myths and Misconceptions Regarding Oral Health among Indian Adult Population through Health Education and Promotion -Cross Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Apoorva Basavaraj Badiger ◽  
Triveni Mavinakote Gowda ◽  
Usha Govindaroy Venkatesh ◽  
Rucha Shah ◽  
Gayathri Gunjiganuru Vemanaradhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Summary Background/Aim: Myths related to oral diseases and oral health-related practices are very common among the population. Inadequate knowledge along with the persisting myths regarding the etiology, course and outcome of oral diseases makes it difficult to initiate health behavioural changes. Present study scrutinizes various myths and misconceptions regarding oral health among the outpatients. The aim of this study was to assess myths and misconceptions about oral health and imparting education regarding the same. Material and Methods: The calculated sample size was 200. A pre –tested closed ended questionnaire was prepared in both English and local language (Kannada). It comprised of four sections with 24 questions. The Content validity index value of 0.9 suggested a good validity. A Chi square test was applied and significance level was fixed at p< 0.05. Results: We had 100% response rate. In our study half of the participants visited dental hospital for the very first time (57.5%). About 45.2% of subjects believed 3rd molar eruption is the sign of intelligence, while 64.8% had a notion that all dental procedures are painful. Conclusions: Myths and misconceptions related to oral health are still prevalent among the population. However, small steps like compulsory education about oral health in the school curriculum, available and affordable oral care also effective use of mass media could be the steps to reduce oral health burden to the society.

scholarly journals Humanitarian Intervention, Health Behavior and Health Outcomes in Conflict Affected North East Nigeria: A Cross Sectional Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Ariyo ◽  
Edwin Wouters ◽  
Dimitri Mortelmans
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Hygiene ◽  
North East ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: The study explores the health behavior and outcomes (bathing, diarrhea, and sickness) of children who benefitted from a WASH package intervention, children who benefitted from a non-WASH sectoral form of intervention and children with no form of humanitarian intervention in conflict-affected communities in Northeastern part of Nigeria. Methods : We analysed data collected through a pretested questionnaire administered to a randomly selected sample of 385 children aged 7 to 18 years living within six conflict-affected communities using descriptive and regression analysis. Results : 39.4% of children from households that benefitted from WASH intervention had good environmental hygiene as compared to children from households with no humanitarian intervention (10.5%) and children who had benefited from the non-WASH related intervention (10.3%). We found that environmental hygiene is positively related to all outcomes measured. Study results also indicate that food security and socioeconomic status are associated with the frequency of sickness of internally displaced children. However, we found no significant difference in health outcomes across the intervention groups. Conclusion : Findings suggest the need for children-oriented WASH programming with an emphasis on environmental hygiene for households and communities. We also confirm existing evidence on the importance of integrated multi-sectoral humanitarian interventions in improving the health of crisis-affected children.

scholarly journals Effect of hypertension duration on relationship between blood pressure and signs and symptoms in hypertensive patients:a cross sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2588
Author(s):  
Syeda Nosheen Zehra ◽  
Adnan Anwar ◽  
Shahid Kamran ◽  
Hafsa Jawaid ◽  
Syeda Maheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Urinary Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Study Results

Background: Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or more, or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more or taking anti-hypertensive medication. The clinical presentation of high blood pressure may depend upon several factors such as age, gender, severity and duration of hypertension. There is a paucity of data exploring the role hypertension duration may play in shaping the relationship between blood pressure and signs and symptoms of hypertension. To evaluate the effect of hypertension duration on relationship between blood pressure and signs and symptoms in hypertensive patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 patients, aged 18 or above, with self-reported history of hypertension and on anti-hypertensive medication. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire whereas the blood pressure level was measured with the help of sphygmomanometer using stethoscope. Inferential analysis was performed by applying chi-square test whereas the significance level was set at 0.05.Results: The study results revealed that among patients with ≥5 years duration of hypertension headache history (P=0.021), edema (P=0.034), increased urinary frequency (P=0.031), sleep apnoea (P=0.016), palpitation (P=0.005) and confusion (p=0.021) were significantly associated with systolic whereas only increased urinary frequency (P=0.009) was significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, among patients with <5 years duration of hypertension vision problems (P=0.03), sleep apnoea (P=0.015) and palpitation (P=0.035) were significantly associated with systolic whereas sleep apnoea (P=0.048) and palpitation (P=0.028) were significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure.Conclusions: The study results showed that patients with higher blood pressure were more likely to have the signs and symptoms of hypertension. Also, patients with longer duration of hypertension had greater number of signs and symptoms associated with systolic hypertension.

scholarly journals FEMALE MEDICAL UNDERGRADUATE;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 566-569
Author(s):  
Kamal-Eldin Ahmed Abou-Elhamd ◽  
Hamed Abdullah Al-Wadaani ◽  
Abdul Rehman Saleh AlMulhim
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Study ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Medical Undergraduate ◽  
Married Female

Objective: Our aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of marriage, pregnancyand child bearing on the academic performance of the female medical students in Saudi Arabia.Study design: A cross sectional survey study. Methods: A batch of 53 female medical studentson the fifth class at college of medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia in May 2013answered a questionnaire about the effect of marriage on medical study. Results: Thirty-ninepercent of married female medical students got a worse grade than before marriage, while30.5% got better grade (39%), and the remaining percent got the same grade. Conclusion:Marriage in itself doesn’t affect the academic performance but it is largely dependent on theindividuals involved Marriage supports them emotionally and socially.

Knowledge and Communication of the National Core Standards Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie Thembisile Maphumulo ◽  
Busisiwe Bhengu
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Nurses

The National Department of Health in South Africa has introduced the National Core Standards (NCS) tool to improve the quality of healthcare delivery in all public healthcare institutions. Knowledge of the NCS tool is essential among healthcare providers. This study investigated the level of knowledge on NCS and how the NCS tool was communicated among professional nurses. This was a cross-sectional survey study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select hospitals that only offered tertiary services in KwaZulu-Natal. Six strata of departments were selected using simple stratified sampling. The population of professional nurses in the selected hospitals was 3 050. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit 543 participants. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 25. The study showed that only 16 (3.7%) respondents had knowledge about NCS, using McDonald’s standard of learning outcome measured criteria regarding the NCS tool. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the communication and knowledge was r = 0.055. The results revealed that although the communication scores for the respondents were high their knowledge scores remained low. This study concluded that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the NCS tool and therefore healthcare institutions need to commit themselves to the training of professional nurses regarding the NCS tool. The findings suggest that healthcare institutions implement the allocation of incentives for nurses that attend the workshops for NCS.

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