scholarly journals Technological- and Non-Technological Innovation During the Growth Phase of Industry Life Cycle: An Evidence From Vietnamese Manufacturing Enterprises

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110321
Author(s):  
Huy-Cuong Vo-Thai ◽  
Trinh-Hoang Hong-Hue ◽  
My-Linh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Industry Life Cycle ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
World Bank Enterprise Survey ◽  
Enterprise Survey

In the context of Industrial 4.0, Vietnam has emerged to play a critical role in the global supply chain while facing intense competition and fast changes. However, what drives manufacturing enterprises in Vietnam to innovate themselves and how well they perform in coping with business obstacle remains one of the central questions in the extent of studies. Therefore, this research primarily attempts to establish how innovation investment and obstacles affect technological and non-technological innovations, especially in the growth phase of the industry life cycle (ILC), with an analysis of available data obtained from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam and World Bank Enterprise Survey data with the use of descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The outcome of this article highlights that researchers and practitioners should consider the importance of the industry life cycle in the choice of technological or non-technological innovation through third significant contributions. First, the innovation investment is driven by R&D, and formal training enables both technological- and non-technological innovation. Second, the innovation obstacle related to finance, policy, competition, and regulation directly impacts the choice of innovation activities. Third, this study demonstrates that the firm’s engagement in technological- and non-technological innovation in line with innovation investment can help maintain successful post-innovation performance.

A Decision Support System for the Initiation of Technological Innovation in Small Manufacturing Enterprises

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Azadivar ◽  
Yan Xue ◽  
Sharon Ordoobadi
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
New Products ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Activities

Most large enterprises have departments that are themselves solely responsible for research and development targeted at technological innovations in new products and processes. Smaller manufacturers, however, often do not have a formal process established. Management of technological innovation in these companies is either non-existent or is undertaken by a single authority, often the owner. To assist in this process, through interviews, focus group discussions and site visits with small manufacturing firms, a large set of cases on technological innovation activities that were or were not successful was collected and organized in a knowledge base. It was realized that factors involved in even attempting an innovation were so complicated that success depended mostly on the intuition and experience of the decision maker. The tool described in this paper is a Similarity Based Reasoning (SBR) methodology that attempts to transfer this intuition from those who have it to those who do not.

A freeze-fracture-etched study of the physarum polycephalum plasma membrane during early formation of the macroplasmodial stage

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
Randolph W. Taylor ◽  
Henrie Treadwell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Physarum Polycephalum ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Wire Screen ◽  
Wide Mouth ◽  
Sterile Filter

The plasma membrane of the Slime Mold, Physarum polycephalum, process unique morphological distinctions at different stages of the life cycle. Investigations of the plasma membrane of P. polycephalum, particularly, the arrangements of the intramembranous particles has provided useful information concerning possible changes occurring in higher organisms. In this report Freeze-fracture-etched techniques were used to investigate 3 hours post-fusion of the macroplasmodia stage of the P. polycephalum plasma membrane.Microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum (M3C), axenically maintained, were collected in mid-expotential growth phase by centrifugation. Aliquots of microplasmodia were spread in 3 cm circles with a wide mouth pipette onto sterile filter paper which was supported on a wire screen contained in a petri dish. The cells were starved for 2 hrs at 24°C. After starvation, the cells were feed semidefined medium supplemented with hemin and incubated at 24°C. Three hours after incubation, samples were collected randomly from the petri plates, placed in plancettes and frozen with a propane-nitrogen jet freezer.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in the Study of Peroxiredoxin in the Harmful Algal Bloom Species Chattonella marina

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Yohei Shimasaki ◽  
Koki Mukai ◽  
Yuki Takai ◽  
Xuchun Qiu ◽  
Yuji Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Irradiance ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Chattonella Marina ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Expression Strain

Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is a relatively recently discovered antioxidant enzyme family that scavenges peroxides and is known to be present in organisms from biological taxa ranging from bacteria to multicellular eukaryotes, including photosynthetic organisms. Although there have been many studies of the Prx family in higher plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, few studies have concerned raphidophytes and dinoflagellates, which are among the eukaryotic algae that cause harmful algal blooms (HABs). In our proteomic study using 2-D electrophoresis, we found a highly expressed 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (2-CysPrx) in the raphidophyte Chattonella marina var. antiqua, a species that induces mass mortality of aquacultured fish. The abundance of the C. marina 2-CysPrx enzyme was highest in the exponential growth phase, during which photosynthetic activity was high, and it then decreased by about a factor of two during the late stationary growth phase. This pattern suggested that 2-CysPrx is a key enzyme involved in the maintenance of high photosynthesis activity. In addition, the fact that the depression of photosynthesis by excessively high irradiance was more severe in the 2-CysPrx low-expression strain (wild type) than in the normal-expression strain (wild type) of C. marina suggested that 2-CysPrx played a critical role in protecting the cell from oxidative stress caused by exposure to excessively high irradiance. In the field of HAB research, estimates of growth potential have been desired to predict the population dynamics of HABs for mitigating damage to fisheries. Therefore, omics approaches have recently begun to be applied to elucidate the physiology of the growth of HAB species. In this review, we describe the progress we have made using a molecular physiological approach to identify the roles of 2-CysPrx and other antioxidant enzymes in mitigating environmental stress associated with strong light and high temperatures and resultant oxidative stress. We also describe results of a survey of expressed Prx genes and their growth-phase-dependent behavior in C. marina using RNA-seq analysis. Finally, we speculate about the function of these genes and the ecological significance of 2-CysPrx, such as its involvement in circadian rhythms and the toxicity of C. marina to fish.

Study on Geometric Tolerances Information in Integrated Manufacturing Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 1292-1295
Author(s):  
Yan Chao ◽  
Hai Feng Zhang ◽  
Li Qun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Geometric Tolerance ◽  
Geometric Tolerances

Tolerance information plays a critical role in many steps of the product life cycle. It is especially important due to the advances in Internet technologies and increasing integration requirements from industry. In this paper, geometric tolerances information in manufacturing process (IMP) is studied, and the layered conformance level of geometric tolerances is established according to ASME Y14.5-1994, STEP and DMIS. An EXPRESS-G data model of geometric tolerance information in IMP is established. The XML language is used to represent and program the geometric tolerances information in IMP.

Software Testing Strategy

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Fatma Molu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Banking System ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Project Life

Complex financial conversion projects with large budgets have many different challenges. For companies that want to survive in conditions of tough competition, legacy (old) systems must continue to provide the required service throughout the project life cycle and in some circumstances even after project completion partly. In this case, the term coexistence comes into prominence. During this period, testing phase takes more critical role while integration systems' complexity and risk amount increase. Determining testing approach to use is essential to make sure both transformed and legacy systems provide service synchronously. In this paper, testing practices applied in the long conversion processes are discussed. Primarily, the basic features of the critical financial systems are addressed and then the main adoption methods in the literature are summarized. Then a variety of testing methodologies are presented depending on those adoption methods. These samples based on real-life experiences of transformation project. The most extensive example of real-time online financial systems is core banking systems. This paper covers the testing life cycle process of the large scale project of core banking system transformation project of a bank in Turkey.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of the Informal Economy on Businesses in South East Europe: Some Lessons from the 2009 World Bank Enterprise Survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hudson ◽  
Colin Williams ◽  
Marta Orviska ◽  
Sara Nadin
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
East Europe ◽  
South East Europe ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
World Bank Enterprise Survey ◽  
Enterprise Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Targeted Approach

Evaluating the Impact of the Informal Economy on Businesses in South East Europe: Some Lessons from the 2009 World Bank Enterprise SurveyThe aim of this paper is to evaluate the variable impacts of the informal economy on businesses and employment relations in South East Europe. Evidence is reported from the 2009 World Bank Enterprise Survey which interviewed 4,720 businesses located in South East Europe. The finding is not only that a large informal sector reduces wage levels but also that there are significant spatial variations in the adverse impacts of the informal economy across this European region. Small, rural and domestic businesses producing for the home market and the transport, construction, garment and wholesale sectors are most likely to be adversely affected by the informal economy. The paper concludes by calling for similar research in other global regions and for a more targeted approach towards tackling the informal economy.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial fusion mediated by mitofusin 1 regulates macrophage mycobactericidal activity by enhancing autophagy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuping Ning ◽  
Yi Cai ◽  
Youchao Dai ◽  
Fuxiang Li ◽  
Siwei Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Fusion ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Metabolism Pathway ◽  
Mitofusin 1

Mitochondria as a highly dynamic organelle continuously changes morphology and position during its life cycle. Mitochondrial dynamics including fission and fusion play a critical role in maintaining functional mitochondria for ATP production, which is directly linked to host defense against Mtb infection. However, how macrophages regulate mitochondrial dynamics during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection remains elusive. In this study, we found that Mtb infection induced mitochondrial fusion through enhancing the expression of mitofusin 1 ( MFN1 ), which resulted in increased ATP production. Silencing MFN1 inhibited mitochondrial fusion and subsequently reduced ATP production, which, in turn, severely impaired macrophages mycobactericidal activity by inhibiting autophagy. Impairment of mycobactericidal activity and autophagy was replicated using oligomycin, an inhibitor of ATP synthase. In summary, our study revealed MFN1-mediated mitochondrial fusion is essential for macrophages mycobactericidal activity through the regulation of ATP dependent autophagy. MFN1-mediated metabolism pathway might be targets for development of host direct therapy (HDT) strategy against TB.

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