scholarly journals Graduate Students’ Identification With Science: Differences by Demographics, Experiences, and Discipline

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110608
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Scheitle ◽  
Ellory Dabbs ◽  
Riley Darragh
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Publishing Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Disciplinary Identity ◽  
Five Disciplines

Research examining high school and undergraduate students has demonstrated the importance of identity formation for students’ confidence, retention, and aspirations in science. While we know some of the key predictors of science identity formation among these populations, relatively little work has looked at these issues among graduate students. The study presented here utilizes data from a survey of over 1,300 graduate students in the United States in five disciplines: biology, chemistry, physics, psychology, and sociology. A structural equation model is estimated to assess the demographic, experiential, and disciplinary correlates of graduate student identification with science and, separately, identification with their discipline. The analysis finds that, relative to men, women have weaker identification with science but do not differ in the strength of their identification with their discipline. Experiences, such as the quality of students’ relationship with their advisor and publishing research, are positively associated with the strength of their science and disciplinary identity. Students in psychology and sociology have weaker identification with science relative to biology students, while sociology students also have weaker identification with their discipline.

An Explanatory Model of Problematic Internet Use of Southern Spanish University Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 089443932199865
Author(s):  
José-María Romero-Rodríguez ◽  
José-Antonio Marín-Marín ◽  
Francisco-Javier Hinojo-Lucena ◽  
Gerardo Gómez-García
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Problematic Internet Use ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Cross Sectional

The problematic Internet use (PIU) has become a topic of special relevance since it is a problem that affects the whole world. It has been detected that the population at greatest risk is university students along with adolescents. At the same time, Spain is one of the countries with the highest PIU rate. The purposes of this article were to analyze the presence and degree of Internet addiction among university students and to check the sociodemographic factors that influence the PIU. To this end, 13 hypotheses were put forward and contrasted using a structural equation model. The study adopted a cross-sectional approach by applying the Internet addiction test to a sample of undergraduate students in southern Spain ( n = 1,013). The results indicated a prevalence of PIU among students of almost 12.5% and with a moderate degree of addiction. In turn, the following hypotheses that had a significant effect on the PIU were supported: gender; field of knowledge; living in the parents’ home; Internet daily use for leisure; Internet daily use for academic purposes; number of social networks; sexual orientation; marital status. Finally, the main findings of the study were reviewed, and the main recommendations and implications for mitigating the negative effects of technology and enhancing the positive ones were established.

Whose History?: The Americas and Music Curricula in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
M. Leslie Santana
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Curriculum Reform ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
The United States ◽  
Concert Music ◽  
Music Department ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Western European ◽  
Teaching Music

One moment from the much-discussed 2017 curriculum reform in the Music Department at Harvard University has stuck with me and transformed the way I approach teaching music in higher education. In one of the meetings leading up to the revision, graduate students in the department led an activity in which attendees—who included undergraduate students, graduate students, and faculty alike—got into small groups and discussed the relative merits of three hypothetical models for the new undergraduate curriculum. Each of the models involved decentering to some extent the existing curriculum's emphasis on the history of Western European music and dominant music theoretical approaches to it. After a short while, we all gathered back together and one person from each group shared a bit about what had transpired. From the circle of desks nearest the door, an undergraduate student rose to speak and expressed enthusiasm for a broadening of curricular coverages. But, they said, their group also had some reservations about jettisoning the overall focus on Western European concert music altogether. “We still need to learn about our history,” they said, while a faculty member nodded behind them.

Stepfamily Closeness and Depression Among American Indian Emerging Adults: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin P. Ward ◽  
Gordon E. Limb ◽  
Sarah Higbee ◽  
Helena Haueter
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Biological Parent ◽  
Parent Child

Stepfamilies are one of the fastest growing family structures among all racial groups in the United States. Stepfamily research among many racial groups, specifically American Indians, is virtually nonexistent. This is unfortunate, as American Indians are more likely to divorce and remarry compared with other populations. From a family systems perspective, this study examined whether retrospectively perceived closeness in three stepfamily relationships, namely child–residential biological parent, child–residential stepparent, and child–stepsibling, were negatively associated with depression scores in 226 American Indian emerging adults. A structural equation model showed that increased child–residential biological parent and child–stepsibling closeness predicted decreased depression scores, whereas child–residential stepparent closeness did not. We also found that depression scores significantly predicted retrospective perceptions of child–residential biological parent, child–residential stepparent, and child–stepsibling closeness. Findings encourage interventions that strengthen American Indian child–residential biological parent and child–stepsibling relationships, and underscore the need for further research that explores American Indian stepfamily relationships.

What Makes Families Healthy? Examining Correlates of Family Health in a Nationally Representative Sample of Adults in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110428
Author(s):  
Quenla Haehnel ◽  
Caitlin Whitehead ◽  
Eliza Broadbent ◽  
Carl L. Hanson ◽  
AliceAnn Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Health Measure ◽  
Nationally Representative

Conceptually, family health is crucial for individual health across the lifespan, yet previous research has lacked a validated family health measure. The current study examines the relationships between individual physical (physical activity) and mental health (depressive symptoms and executive functioning) and social determinants of health (socioeconomic status) with four domains of family health using a recently validated family health measure. The sample included 1050 US adults (40.30 years; 53.78% female) that completed a survey. The results of the structural equation model revealed that depression was associated with reduced family health across all domains. Executive functioning was associated with better family social and emotional processes and family healthy lifestyle. Physical activity was associated with improved family healthy lifestyle only. Income was positively associated with each domain, but subjective SES was not associated with any domain. The findings indicate the interconnectedness of family health and individual factors, particularly with depression and wealth.

Constructing Structural Equation Model Rule-Based Fuzzy System with Genetic Algorithm

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
EnDer Su ◽  
Thomas W. Knowles ◽  
Yu-Gin Fen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Inference System ◽  
United States Dollar

The present study uses the structural equation model (SEM) to analyze the correlations between various economic indices pertaining to latent variables, such as the New Taiwan Dollar (NTD) value, the United States Dollar (USD) value, and USD index. In addition, a risk factor of volatility of currency returns is considered to develop a risk-controllable fuzzy inference system. The rational and linguistic knowledge-based fuzzy rules are established based on the SEM model and then optimized using the genetic algorithm. The empirical results reveal that the fuzzy logic trading system using the SEM indeed outperforms the buy-and-hold strategy. Moreover, when considering the risk factor of currency volatility, the performance appears significantly better. Remarkably, the trading strategy is apparently affected when the USD value or the volatility of currency returns shifts into either a higher or lower state.

scholarly journals A Mediation and Moderation Model of Social Support, Relationship Quality and Social Commerce Intention

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9889
Author(s):  
Md. Alamgir Hossain ◽  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Minho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Social Commerce ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
The Social

This study examines the antecedents of social commerce intention by conceptualizing a model that includes two exogenous variables; relationship quality and social support, and an endogenous variable; social commerce, along with a mediation effect of relationship quality and moderation effect of cultures. This research model is tested by survey data collected in the United States and Korea, analyzed by a structural equation model. The results reveal that relationship quality generates the social commerce intention through commitment, satisfaction and trust, and becomes a maiden study with its mediating effect on social commerce intention. Social commerce intention is highly representative of social sharing and social shopping on social media. The social support is measured through emotional and informational support, proving to be a stronger predictor of relationship quality and social commerce intention. In addition, social support articulates differences in respect to the cultural differences. The model offers valuable insights to researchers and practitioners that aims to improve social commerce intention.

The Hexaco-60, the Dark Triad and Scholastic Cheating

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412096107
Author(s):  
Yuen Kiu Cheung ◽  
Vincent Egan
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Associate Degree ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Personality Predictors ◽  
Academic Qualification ◽  
One Way Anova

Previous studies have found inconsistent results regarding the personality predictors of scholastic cheating. This study investigated whether personality was a predictor of scholastic cheating using the HEXACO-60 personality inventory and the Dark Triad (DT). A sample of 252 students completed the online questionnaire. Results from a one-way ANOVA showed that scholastic cheating was more common in associate degree/diploma/foundation students and undergraduate students than postgraduate students. Year of study or student status (local or international students) had no effect on scholastic cheating. MANOVA showed that academic qualification, year of study, and student status had no effect on reasons for cheating. A structural equation model (SEM) found that scholastic cheating was positively predicted by unmitigated achievement and psychopathy. Psychopathy emerged as the strongest significant predictor of scholastic cheating. These results supported the view that dark personality is relevant for understanding scholastic cheating.

Consistency Between Consumer Personality and Brand Personality Influences Brand Attachment

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1419-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yao ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Xiaobing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Brand Attachment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

We investigated the impact of consistency between consumer personality and brand personality on emotional brand attachment. Participants were 200 undergraduate students at Tsinghua University and we used leading brands in the product category of mobile phone as the survey's stimuli. The results of a structural equation model suggested that consistency in the personality dimensions of sincere, cool, and young had a significant positive impact on the participants' brand attachment compared with consistency in the dimensions of simple, sensitive, reliable, and competent. The results provide strong support for the hypothesis that people feel emotionally attached to brands that match their personality or reflect who they believe they are. We also discuss important theoretical and practical implications of these findings.

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