Delayed Adulthood, Delayed Desistance? A Brief Report on Changing Age Schedules of Risky Behaviors

2020 ◽  
pp. 216769682095647
Author(s):  
Jake J. Hays ◽  
Sarah R. Hayford ◽  
Frank F. Furstenberg
Keyword(s):  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Justice Statistics ◽  
Monitoring The Future ◽  
Adult Roles

Desistance from the risky behaviors associated with adolescence is linked to entry into adult roles like marriage and employment. Increases in the age of these transitions may delay desistance from risky behaviors. Using population data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the National Center for Health Statistics, and tabulated data from Monitoring the Future, we chart trends in six problem behaviors—arrests, marijuana use, binge drinking, suicides, homicides, and motor vehicle deaths—between 1975 and 2017. We find delays in desistance from some behaviors. For instance, binge drinking peaked at ages 19–22 in earlier birth cohorts but at ages 23–26 in later birth cohorts. However, other behaviors showed no change in the timing of desistance. Women’s rates approached men’s in binge drinking and suicide, but gender gaps persist across behaviors. Delayed transitions to adult roles have not produced a singular pattern of delayed desistance from problem behaviors.

scholarly journals Relationships between Problematic Cannabis Use and Risky Behaviors in Spanish Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3029
Author(s):  
Raquel Alarcó-Rosales ◽  
Miriam Sánchez-SanSegundo ◽  
Rosario Ferrer-Cascales ◽  
Natalia Albaladejo-Blázquez ◽  
Nicolás Ruiz-Robledillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Cannabis Abuse ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Increased Risk

This study examined the relations between problematic cannabis use, physical assault, and getting involved in a motor vehicle accident under the influence of cannabis in a sample of adolescents randomly selected from 25 public and semiprivate high schools in Alicante (Spain). Participants (n = 648) completed The Spanish National Standardized Survey about drug use in high school adolescents (ESTUDES, 2017), which includes the cannabis abuse screening test (CAST). Prevalence of cannabis use across the life-span and within the past 30 days was 37.5% and 17.4%, respectively. CAST scores were associated with an increased risk of driving under the effects of cannabis, riding shotgun, and physical assault, but not with an increased risk of having a motor vehicle accident. There were no differences between boys and girls in the association of problematic cannabis use with risky behaviors. This result highlights the importance of comprehensive prevention and education strategies for adolescents at high risk of cannabis use.

scholarly journals Relations among Externalizing Behaviors, Alcohol Expectancies and Alcohol Use Problems in a Multi-Ethnic Sample of Middle and High School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117822182092842
Author(s):  
Timothy Regan ◽  
Jonathan G. Tubman ◽  
Seth J. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Alcohol Expectancies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Minority Adolescents ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Externalizing Problem Behaviors ◽  
Externalizing Problem

Background: Alcohol expectancies and externalizing behaviors, that is, aggression and rule-breaking behaviors, are associated with underage alcohol use. The interactive influence of these risk factors on problem alcohol use among minority adolescents is investigated in the present study. Objectives: This study examined the unique and interactive influences of alcohol expectancies and externalizing problems on specific measures of adolescents’ (a) past three-month binge drinking episodes and (b) negative consequences of alcohol use. Methods: Cross-sectional self-report data were collected in 2014 via tablet-based computerized assessments from a predominantly minority sample of 762 (404 females, Mage = 13.73 years, SDage =1.59) 6th, 8th, and 10th grade students recruited from public middle and high schools in Miami-Dade County, FL and Prince George’s County, MD. Students completed surveys on tablets in school settings regarding alcohol expectancies, expectancy valuations, externalizing problem behaviors, past 3-month binge drinking episodes, and experiences of alcohol-related negative consequences. Results: Zero-inflated negative binomial regressions indicated: (1) older adolescents were more likely to report binge drinking; and (2) a significant main effect for externalizing problem behaviors on binge use. Logistic regressions indicated (1) older adolescents were more likely to endorse an alcohol-related negative consequence and (2) the interaction between positive alcohol expectancies and externalizing behaviors was associated with endorsing an alcohol-related negative consequence. Conclusions: Engaging adolescents who exhibit serious externalizing behaviors and report positive alcohol expectancies via developmentally appropriate, tailored interventions is one feasible strategy to address escalation of binge alcohol use and related negative consequences among minority youth.

scholarly journals Driving After Drinking Alcohol Associated with Insufficient Sleep and Insomnia among Student Athletes and Non-Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celyne Bastien ◽  
Jason Ellis ◽  
Amy Athey ◽  
Subhajit Chakravorty ◽  
Rebecca Robbins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
University College ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Difficulties

Introduction: The proportion of university/college students (UCS) consuming alcohol is similar to the number of those reporting poor sleep, at approximately 30%, the proportion being greater in student athletes (SA). What remains to be understood is if poor sleep potentiates risky behaviors. Objective: Our aim was to examine the association among sleep difficulties, insomnia symptoms, and insufficient sleep on the risk of driving under the influence of alcohol in a sample of UCS and whether these associations were more pertinent in SA. Methods: Data from the National University/College Health Assessment was used from the years 2011–2014. Questions on number of drinks consumed and behaviors such as driving after drinking alcohol were related to answers to questions pertaining to sleep difficulties, insufficient sleep, and insomnia symptoms. Results: Mean alcohol intake was of about 3 drinks; SA consumed significantly more than student non-athletes (SNA). Binge-drinking episodes were significantly higher among SA than SNA. Difficulty sleeping was associated with an increased likelihood of driving after any drinks and after 5 or more drinks in both groups, effects being stronger among SA. Insomnia was associated with an increased likelihood of driving after any drinks and after 5 or more drinks in SA and after 5 or more drinks in SNA. These effects were stronger among athletes. Conclusion: The present study found that self-reported difficulties sleeping, insomnia symptoms, and insufficient sleep are associated with driving after drinking alcohol. This relationship applied to driving after drinking any alcohol or binge drinking and was again stronger among SA than SNA.

scholarly journals Affective Drinking Motives, Delinquency and Binge Drinking: A Comparison of Male and Female High School Seniors

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-577
Author(s):  
Glenn D Walters
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
High School Seniors ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Monitoring The Future ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aim The purpose of this study was to determine whether the association between affective drinking motives, delinquency and binge drinking varied as a function of sex and if so, whether delinquency moderated the relationship between affective drinking motives and binge drinking in late adolescent males and females. Methods Participants were 623 (257 males, 366 females) high school seniors from the 2018 Monitoring the Future study. A principal components analysis was initially performed to create component scores for the first factor of a 15-item drinking motives scale subsequently labeled affective drinking motives. These scores, along with sex and a measure of delinquency, were then entered into a three-way interaction. The interaction was found to correlate significantly with binge drinking. Because of the significant three-way interaction, analyses were performed on male and female participants separately. Results Analyses conducted on male participants revealed a moderate correlation between affective drinking motives and binge drinking but no evidence of an interaction between affective drinking motives and delinquency. Analyses performed on female participants, on the other hand, identified a significant main effect for affective drinking motives and a negative interaction between affective drinking motives and delinquency, indicating that the relationship between affective drinking motives and binge drinking was strongest when delinquency was low. Conclusions These results suggest that while delinquency had no apparent impact on the affective drinking motive–binge drinking correlation in boys, low delinquency clearly amplified the counter-binge drinking effects of low affective drinking motives in girls.

scholarly journals Health statistics aren't born in a cabbage patch: Jesuits, political arithmetic, stigmergy and oligopticons

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Yuri Carvajal ◽  
Tuillang Yuing
Keyword(s):  
Population Data ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
Birth Death

By analyzing the content and network of production of a map from 1751, created by the circular mission of the Jesuits in Chiloé (an archipelago located off the southern coast of Chile), that contains birth, death and population data, this article discusses the role that health statistics play historically, philosophically, technically and sociologically. In doing so, the article seeks to comprehend the genesis of a process of production of data and references in order to debate what health statistics are composed of, what ends they are used for, what their connection is to the formation of collectives and the differential conditions of possibility that exist for producing statistics. We attempt to develop hypotheses that demonstrate statistics as a hybrid articulation between diverse elements, epistemological, biopolitical, historical and philosophical in nature, with facets at once religious and demographic, ontological and ethnic, scientific and governmental.

scholarly journals Teenage Driving, Mortality, and Risky Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-539
Author(s):  
Jason Huh ◽  
Julian Reif
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Drug Overdoses ◽  
Poisoning Deaths

We investigate the effect of teenage driving on mortality and risky behaviors in the United States using a regression discontinuity design. We estimate that total mortality rises by 5.84 deaths per 100,000 (15 percent) at the minimum legal driving age cutoff, driven by an increase in motor vehicle fatalities of 4.92 deaths per 100,000 (44 percent). We also find that poisoning deaths, which are caused primarily by drug overdoses, rise by 0.31 deaths per 100,000 (29 percent) at the cutoff and that this effect is concentrated among females. Our findings show that teenage driving contributes to sex differences in risky drug use behaviors. (JEL I12, J13, J16, R41)

The timing of entry into adult roles and changes in trajectories of problem behaviors during the transition to adulthood.

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2473-2484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica J. Martin ◽  
Shelley A. Blozis ◽  
Daria K. Boeninger ◽  
April S. Masarik ◽  
Rand D. Conger
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Timing Of Entry ◽  
Adult Roles

How does binge drinking affect risky behaviors on the road?

2015 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. e64
Author(s):  
Graciela Pasa ◽  
Tanara R. Sousa ◽  
Jeffrey Lunnen ◽  
Flavio P. Pechansky
Keyword(s):  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

scholarly journals Self-Reported Alcohol Use and Sexual Behaviors of Adolescents

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Dunn ◽  
R. Todd Bartee ◽  
Michael A. Perko
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Date Rape ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
High Risk Sexual Behavior ◽  
Activity Variables

Research has demonstrated a relation between alcohol use and engaging in high-risk sexual behaviors. Alcohol use, especially binge drinking, has been linked to a host of problems including high-risk sexual behavior, date rape, and academic problems. As such, the purpose of this study was to provide a descriptive profile of alcohol consumption among adolescents and to examine the relations of alcohol use (lifetime, current, binge) with sexual activity variables (sexual initiation, multiple sex partners, condom use, and pregnancy) among adolescents completing the 1993–1999 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Analysis showed alcohol use was associated with high-risk sexual activity. Binge drinking had stronger relations with sexual activity variables than lifetime use and current use of alcohol. This result is of particular concern, in that binge drinking has been implicated in many problem behaviors. As such, it is of great importance to intervene in the high-risk practices of adolescents before problems occur.

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