Empowering and Directive Leadership: The Cost of Changing Styles

2021 ◽  
pp. 227853372110083
Author(s):  
Smita Mukherjee ◽  
Zubin R. Mulla
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Team Outcomes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Satisfaction With The Leader ◽  
The Cost ◽  
First Time

We examine the cost of leaders changing between empowering and directive leadership styles on team outcomes. In a laboratory experiment, we collected data from 240 participants in 80 teams. Confederates enacted different leadership styles and led teams of participants in performing a series of tasks. When leaders changed their style from directive to empowering, teams took time to respond in terms of higher satisfaction with leader and affective commitment. However, when leaders changed their style from empowering to directive, the deterioration of satisfaction with leader and reduction in affective commitment were immediate. Moreover, teams of leaders who had been consistently directive showed higher affective commitment as compared to teams of leaders who had a history of being empowering but later shifted to being directive. First time managers can get inputs on how they should enact their leadership style and be aware that switching between styles may impose long-term costs on the team’s affective commitment and satisfaction with the leader.

scholarly journals Recommendations on developing leadership style for the contingent of leaders and managers of military schools following Ho Chi Minh leadership style

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Thanh Phung
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Military Schools ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Position ◽  
And Training

Nowadays, the contingent of leaders and managers in military schools has an especially important position, directly contributing to the successful implementation of the task of educating and training high-quality human resources for the sake of building Vietnam People’s Army to become revolutionary, regular, elite, and gradually modernized. Building a proper leadership style for leaders and managers in military schools is the foundational, long-term task and an urgent issue. The article summarizes the history of research and presents the fundamental contents of Ho Chi Minh’s leadership style as well as the application in building leadership styles for leaders and managers at military schools.

An Evaluation of Provincial Macroeconomic Performance in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Hoi Le Quoc ◽  
Nam Pham Xuan ◽  
Tuan Nguyen Anh
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Economic Development Strategy ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
First Time

The study was targeted at developing a methodology for constructing a macroeconomic performance index at a provincial level for the first time in Vietnam based on 4 groups of measurements: (i) Economic indicators; (ii) oriented economic indicators; (iii) socio-economic indicators; and (iv) economic - social – institutional indicators. Applying the methodology to the 2011 - 2015 empirical data of all provinces in Vietnam, the research shows that the socio-economic development strategy implemented by those provinces did not provide balanced outcomes between growth and social objectives, sustainability and inclusiveness. Many provinces focused on economic growth at the cost of structural change, equality and institutional transformation. In contrast, many provinces were successful in improving equality but not growth. Those facts threaten the long-term development objectives of the provinces.

scholarly journals KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, KEPUASAN KERJA, DAN KOMITMEN AFEKTIF PADA KARYAWAN PERUSAHAAN BIDANG KONSTRUKSI MILIK PEMERINTAH DI MEDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Bachruddin Saleh Luturlean ◽  
Arif Partono Prasetio ◽  
Anisa Firli ◽  
Gilang Ananda Mikola ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Transformational Leadership Style

Affective commitment is a commitment that comes from within and it needs quite some time to develop. Organizations need to ensure that their employees have strong affective commitment. Transformational leadership style can help employees to feel valued and develop strong commitment. On the other hand the positive atmosphere inside the organization will also enrich the positive experience of employees which in the end will increase the affective commitment. This study analyses the effect of transformational leadership and job satisfaction on employee’s affective commitment. We study one of the state companies in Medan using 72 participants. The explanatory method and path analysis are used to explain relationships and influences between variables. The results of the study prove that transformational leadership style and job satisfaction simultaneous and partial have effects in improving the quality of employee affective commitment. Business organizations need to apply transformational leadership styles and develop human resources program that can enhance job satisfaction. By carefully focus on these two elements, the organization is expected to be able to increase employee affective commitment. Keywords—Transformational Leadership, Job satisfaction, Affective Commitment Abstrak Komitmen afektif adalah komitmen yang muncul dari dalam diri sendiri dan dibangun seiring berjalannya waktu. Organisasi perlu memastikan bahwa karyawan mereka memiliki komitmen afektif yang kuat. Unsur kepemimpinan khususnya yang bersifat transformasional diyakini dapat membuat karyawan merasa dihargai dan pada akhirnya memiliki komitmen yang kuat. Di samping itu, suasana dalam organisasi yang menyenangkan akan memperkaya pengalaman positif karyawan yang juga berdampak pada peningkatan komitmen afektif. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan kepuasan kerja terhadap terbentuknya komitmen afektif karyawan di salah satu perusahaan negara di Medan. 72 Responden yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Metode eksplanatori dan analisis jalur digunakan untuk menjelaskan hubungan dan pengaruh antar variabel. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan kepuasan kerja memiliki pengaruh simultan dan parsial terhadap peningkatan kualitas komitmen afektif karyawan. Organisasi bisnis perlu mengaplikasikan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional serta mengembangkan program sumberdaya manusia yang bisa meningkatkan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Dengan mengoptimalkan kedua unsur ini, organisasi diharapkan mampu meningkatkan komitmen afektif karyawan. Kata kunci—Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Kepuasan Kerja, Komitmen Afektif

Addressing ecology and sustainability in mega-sporting events: The 2006 football World Cup in Germany

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Dolles ◽  
Sten Söderman
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Sporting Event ◽  
History Of ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Water Waste

AbstractFor the first time in the history of FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association), the football (soccer) World Cup held in Germany 2006 specifically addressed environmental concerns. By doing so, the German Organizing Committee did not have the objective of creating a short-term vision, but rather of making a long-term and lasting contribution to the improvement of environmental protection in hosting a mega-sporting event. By taking the football world cup in Germany as a case study, we will provide insights into the so-called ‘Green Goal’ programme and its four main areas: water, waste, energy, and transportation. From a global point of view, climate protection was added by the Organizing Committee as the fifth area of action and was recognised as a cross-sectorial task. Finally, questions are addressed on how to apply those measurements in the planning and organisation of other mega (-sporting) events.

scholarly journals An Introduction to Nicos Hadjinicolaou's “Art Centers and Peripheral Art” (1982)

ARTMargins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Terry Smith
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Political Art ◽  
Book Art ◽  
Hard Edge ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Change in the history of art has many causes, but one often overlooked by art historical institutions is the complex, unequal set of relationships that subsist between art centers and peripheries. These take many forms, from powerful penetration of peripheral art by the subjects, styles and modes of the relevant center, through accommodation to this penetration to various degrees and kinds of resistance to it. Mapping these relationships should be a major task for art historians, especially those committed to tracing the reception of works of art and the dissemination of ideas about art. This lecture, delivered by Nicos Hadjinicolaou in 1982, outlines a “political art geography” approach to these challenges, and demonstrates it by exploring four settings: the commissioning of paintings commemorating key battles during the Greek War of Independence; the changes in Diego Rivera's style on his return to Mexico from Paris in the 1920s; the impact on certain Mexican artists in the 1960s of “hard edge” painting from the United States; and the differences between Socialist Realism in Moscow and in the Soviet Republics of Asia during the mid-twentieth century. The lecture is here translated into English for the first time and is introduced by Terry Smith, who relates it to its author's long-term art historical quest, as previously pursued in his book Art History and Class Struggle (1973).

Leadership style and the process of organizational change

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Louise Holten ◽  
Sten Olof Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Transactional Leadership ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Transformational And Transactional Leadership ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Reactions To Change

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify processes which may contribute to followers’ positive reactions to change. By focusing on the relationship between change antecedents and explicit reactions, the authors investigate the direct and indirect relationships between leadership styles (transformational and transactional) and followers’ appraisal of change through manager engagement. Design/methodology/approach – Using data from a longitudinal survey among 351 followers in two Danish organizations, the study tracked the planned implementation of team organization at two different times. Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling. Findings – Transformational and transactional leadership styles were positively related to the engagement of managers. Managers’ engagement was associated with followers’ appraisal of change. The two leadership styles also had a direct, long-term effect on followers’ change appraisal; positive for transformational leadership and negative for transactional leadership. Practical implications – The results have potential implications for change management, as followers’ change appraisal may be improved by developing managers’ leadership style and engagement. Originality/value – This is the first study to provide longitudinal evidence of the direct and indirect effects of leadership styles on followers’ change appraisal.

Graves’ Hyperthyroidism-Induced Psychosis Treated With Aripiprazole—A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia R. Macedo ◽  
Jehan Marino ◽  
Brady Bradshaw ◽  
Joseph Henry
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽  
First Time

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune syndrome with symptoms such as tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and psychiatric symptoms. Limited evidence exists for the treatment of Graves’ hyperthyroidism-induced psychosis with atypical antipsychotics. A 47-year-old female with a psychiatric history of bipolar disorder presented for the first time to the psychiatric hospital. She was agitated and grossly psychotic with delusions. Electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation and tachycardia. Drug screen urinalysis was negative. Endocrine workup resulted in a diagnosis of Graves’ disease (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]: 0.005 μIU/mL, triiodothyronine [T3]: 537 ng/dL, thyroxine [T4]: 24 mcg/dL, free T4: 4.5 ng/dL, positive antithyroid peroxidase antibody, and antinuclear antibody). Aripiprazole 10 mg daily was initiated and titrated to 15 mg daily on day 4. On day 16, her suspicious behavior, judgment, and insight improved. Other medications given included aspirin 325 mg daily, metoprolol 25 mg twice daily, titrated to 12.5 mg twice daily, and methimazole 30 mg daily, titrated to 20 mg twice daily, and discontinued on day 29. The patient received radioiodine I-131 treatment 1 week later. We report the first known case on the use of aripriprazole to treat Graves’ hyperthyroidism-induced psychosis. Further studies examining the long-term effects and appropriate dose and duration of aripiprazole in this patient population are needed.

scholarly journals Improving Financial Performance Using Capital Budgeting Method Towards Cleaner Eyewear Product: A Case Study of Nasho

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Mia Juliani ◽  
Raden Aswin Rahadi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Financial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cost

The purpose of this study was to know the factor that can be improved in the financial performance of Nasho. Nasho is a brand that focuses on offering products for eyeglass and helmet application that can be water, dew and dust repellent by utilizing the application of nanotechnology in the scope market of Bandung. However, to adapt the technology for Nasho is currently hampered by the limited capital to develop the technology itself. The company needs to manage the capital and minimize the cost to optimize the finance. The company needs to control the cost and expenses to avoid the high number of costs and expenses in terms of the development business stage. The research will use a qualitative approach by conducting interviews to Mr. Reza optics that will cooperate with Nasho to sell the product and use secondary data information from literature review, journal, books and primary data from financial history of Nasho and survey from the consumer of Nasho namely College student, Medical staff and Motorcycle riders and the components that are relevant to the conceptual framework. Survey used to get the consumer product and buying tendency information from Nasho’s consumer to validate the assumption of brand, price and buying intencity. Interview was conducted to get the suitable number of sales that are being used for cash flow forecasting scenario. The findings of this research is Nasho had low financial performance in the first two years of the business. After the evaluation, this can be improved by making a financial planning mix for short term and long term using the capital budgeting method in the form of three optimal scenarios of cash flow, Net Present Value (NPV), IRR and payback period that can be used as an optimal plan to run this business for the next five years.

scholarly journals Acute blue finger syndrome: a rare benign cause of acute digit discolouration

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e223365
Author(s):  
Kiran Dhaliwal ◽  
Colin Thomas Brewster ◽  
Sivarajasingham Pakeerathan
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Volar Aspect ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Digital Ischaemia ◽  
First Time

Acute blue finger syndrome is a rare benign condition that mimics digital ischaemia. We discuss the case of a 32-year-old woman who presented with a 6hour history of blue discolouration of the middle finger of the right hand, associated with pain and swelling. There was no history of trauma and this was the first time that the patient had experienced these symptoms. Examination found blue discolouration of the digit primarily on the volar aspect with associated swelling. All investigations, including blood tests, X-rays and Doppler scanning, were normal. The symptoms resolved spontaneously within 48 hours. There were no recurrent episodes or long-term sequelae. Patients presenting with an acutely blue finger need rapid assessment to exclude digit ischaemia. Knowledge of this rare benign condition may prevent unnecessary distress, invasive investigations and potentially harmful treatment of a healthy patient.

“Every Life Is Interesting…”. On Russian Literature of the First Third of the 20th Century: Selected Articles and Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Yu. Galushkin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Russian Formalism ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Viktor Shklovsky ◽  
Phd Thesis ◽  
First Time

The collection of the most significant scientific papers by Alexander Yu. Galushkin (1960–2014), the last of Viktor Shklovsky’s literary secretaries, the creator of one of the first independent philological journals in Russia “De Visu”, the long-term employee of the IWL RAS, and the head of the Literary Heritage Department, reflects the main areas of his research interests. In addition to articles and publications, the section “From the History of Russian Formalism” includes the extensive work “From Conversations with Viktor Shklovsky”. The section “From the History of Literary Life” contains articles and notes from periodicals that have become inaccessible (the old “Literaturnoe Obozrenie”, the Parisian newspaper “Russkaia Mysl”). The section “From the Documentary Biography of E.I. Zamyatin” presents materials for the book of the same name prepared by A.Yu. Galushkin on the basis of his works on Zamyatin; as an appendix, his PhD thesis “Discussion on B. Pilnyak and E. Zamyatin in the Context of Literary Policy of the Late 1920s — Early 1930s” with author’s corrections and additions is published for the first time. The collection is concluded with the bibliography of A.Yu. Galushkin’s works.

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