scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma decreases fibroblastic activity and woven bone formation with no significant immunohistochemical effect on long-bone healing: An experimental animal study with radiological outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949901880249 ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Deniz Canbeyli ◽  
Rahmi Can Akgun ◽  
Orcun Sahin ◽  
Aysen Terzi ◽  
İsmail Cengiz Tuncay
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Fibroblast Proliferation ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Woven Bone ◽  
Group B ◽  
Mature Bone

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the immunohistochemical effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on healing of long-bone fractures in terms of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the Ki-67 proliferation index, and radiological and histological analyses. Methods: Sixteen adult rabbits, whose right femoral diaphysis was fractured and fixed with Kirschner wires, were randomly divided into two groups, control and PRP (groups A and B, respectively). PRP was given to group B at 1 week postoperatively, and all animals were euthanized after 12 weeks. Radiographic evaluations were performed periodically. Cortical callus formation, chondroid and woven bone area percentages, osteoblastic and fibroblastic activities, and mature bone formation were examined. The depths of BMP-2 and VEGF staining were measured. The Ki-67 proliferation index was also calculated. Results: The mean radiological union score of group B was significantly higher than that of group A. There were also statistically significant differences between groups A and B in terms of cortical callus formation, woven bone area percentage, fibroblast proliferation, and mature bone formation. Group B had significantly more cortical callus and mature bone formation with less woven bone and fibroblast proliferation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of BMP-2 and VEGF staining and the Ki-67 index. Conclusions: PRP had no effect on BMP-2 or VEGF levels with no increase in the Ki-67 proliferation index, although its application had a positive effect on bone healing by increasing callus and mature bone formation with decreased woven bone and fibroblast proliferation.

scholarly journals Effects of platelet-rich plasma on mesenchymal stem cells isolated from rat uterus

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10415
Author(s):  
Polina Vishnyakova ◽  
Daria Artemova ◽  
Andrey Elchaninov ◽  
Zulfiia Efendieva ◽  
Inna Apolikhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Complete Growth Medium ◽  
Apoptosis Markers

Background Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which represents a valuable source of growth factors, is increasingly being applied in regenerative medicine. Recent findings suggest the feasibility of using PRP in the treatment of infertility secondary to refractory thin endometrium. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) of the endometrium are an essential cellular component responsible for extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, cell-to-cell communication, and postmenstrual tissue repair. Using a rat model, we examine the effects of autologous PRP on MSCs isolated from the uterus and compare them with the effects of autologous ordinary plasma (OP) and complete growth medium. Methods MSCs were isolated from uterine tissues via enzymatic disaggregation. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of the primary cell cultures was complemented by immunocytochemistry for Ki-67 and vimentin. The ability of MSCs to differentiate in osteo-, chondro-, and adipogenic directions was assessed using differentiation-inducing media. The levels of autophagy and apoptosis markers, as well as the levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and estrogen receptor α, were assessed by western blotting. Results After 24 h incubation, the proliferation index of the PRP-treated MSC cultures was significantly higher than that of the MSC cultures treated with complete growth medium. PRP treatment elevated production of LC3B protein, an autophagy marker, while OP treatment upregulated the expression of stress-induced protein p53 and extracellular enzyme MMP9. The results indicate practical relevance and validity for PRP use in the treatment of infertility.

Effects of autologous platelet rich plasma gel and calcium phosphate biomaterials on bone healing in an ulnar ostectomy model in dogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-G. Grand ◽  
E. Dalibert ◽  
B. Fellah ◽  
O. Gauthier ◽  
G.W. Niebauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Prp Gel

SummaryThe aim of the study was to evaluate the bone healing properties of an osteopromotive platelet rich plasma (PRP) gel in combination with osteoconductive calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramic granules in a long-bone critical size defect in dogs. A standardised 2 cm long ulnar ostectomy was performed bilaterally in four dogs to compare new-bone formation by CaP matrix with and without association with PRP. Radiographic and histological evaluations were performed blindly. Radiographic evaluation was performed at three, six, nine, 12 and 16 weeks postoperatively. Quantitative measurements of new-bone formation were compared using statistical analysis. At explantation 16 weeks after surgery, no significant ossification was present, neither with CaP granules alone nor in association with PRP gel, and there was no difference of radiodensity between the groups. Qualitative histological evaluation demonstrated for both types of implants the presence of non-mineralised fibrous connective tissue around the CaP granules. New-bone formation was only present to a very small extent within the macropores of the CaP granules at the distal boneimplant interface. In our model which exhibited very limited osteoconduction, neither the CaP granules alone nor in association with PRP were sufficient to stimulate bone healing. In this canine model employing a critical size ulnar gap, the combination of CaP granules and PRP did not effectively promote bone regeneration.

scholarly journals BMSC seeding in different scaffold incorporation with hyperbaric oxygen treats seawater-immersed bony defect

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan Zhang ◽  
Xiaosong Chen ◽  
Xunsheng Cheng ◽  
Wuxiu Ma ◽  
Congcong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Woven Bone ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Introduction The experiment was undertaken to estimate the effect of BMSC seeding in different scaffold incorporation with HBO on the repair of a seawater-immersed bone defect. And future compared n-HA/PLGA with β-TCP/PLGA as a scaffold in treatment effect of the seawater-immersed bone defect. Methods Sixty New Zealand White rabbits with standard seawater defect in radius were randomly divided into group A (implant with nothing), group B (implanted with autogenous bone), group C (implanted with n-HA/PLGA/BMSCs), and group D (implanted with β-TCP/PLGA/BMSCs). After the implant, each rabbit receives HBO treatment at 2.4 ATA 100% oxygen for 120 min/day for 2 weeks. Radiograph, histological, and biomechanical examinations were used to analyze osteogenesis. Result X-ray analysis shows that n-HA/PLGA/BMSCs and β-TCP/PLGA/BMSCs could accelerate the new bone formation, and the new bone formation in group C was larger than that in group D or group A and close to group B (P < 0.05). After 12 weeks, in group A, the defect without scaffold shows a loose connect tissue filled in the areas. The medullary canal in group B was recanalized. Defects in groups C and D show a larger number of woven bone formation. The new woven bone formation in defect areas in group C was larger than that in group D. The mechanical examination revealed ultimate strength at 12 weeks was group D > group C > group B > group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion Scaffolds of n-HA/PLGA and β-TCP/PLGA incorporation with HBO and BMSCs were effective to treat seawater-immersed bone defect, and n-HA/PLGA was more excellent than β-TCP/PLGA.

scholarly journals The Effects of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma on the Bone Fracture Healing in Rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Histological Finding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Group B ◽  
Autologous Platelet

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an autologous platelet rich-plasma on femoral fracture healing in experimentally induced rabbits’ model. In this study, 34 local breed rabbits, around 2-2.5 kg body weight, were divided into two equal groups randomly; Group A: platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and Groups B: Control group. Rabbits in both groups underwent a complete mid-shaft transverse osteotomy of the femur by a fine electrical saw. After fracture induction, the rabbits in group A (PRP group) were treated by application of 0.5 ml of autologous PRP at the site of the fractured bone, while in group B (control), rabbits were injected with distilled water. Samples from the fractured femur were collected at 10th, 20th, 30th days post operation for radiological evaluation and at 10th, 14th, 20th, and 30th days for histopathological evaluation. In radiological study, it was found that the rate of callus formation in rabbits treated with PRP (Group A) were faster than the control group (Group B) at different periods. Similarly, in histological finding it found that the stages of healing were faster in Group A when compared with Group B. It was concluded that using autologous PRP has beneficial effect to enhance the process of bone healing in the rabbit’s model.

Bone formation in a long bone defect model using a platelet-rich plasma-loaded collagen scaffold

Biomaterials ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1817-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Sarkar ◽  
Peter Augat ◽  
Sandra J. Shefelbine ◽  
Sandra Schorlemmer ◽  
Markus Huber-Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Collagen Scaffold ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Long Bone Defect

scholarly journals Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Decellularized Bone Matrix Seeded with Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerated Bone Regeneration

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1825
Author(s):  
Keng-Fan Liu ◽  
Rong-Fu Chen ◽  
Yun-Ting Li ◽  
Yun-Nan Lin ◽  
Dar-Jen Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Ki 67

Large bone fractures with segmental defects are a vital phase to accelerate bone integration. The present study examined the role of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) decellularized bone matrix (scDBM) seeded with allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) as bio-scaffold for bone regeneration. Bio-scaffold produced by seeding ADSC to scDBM was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Rat segmental femoral defect model was used as a non-union model to investigate the callus formation in vivo. Histological analysis and osteotomy gap closure in the defect area were analyzed at 12 and 24 weeks post-surgery. Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, BMP-2 and osteocalcin was evaluated to assess the ability of new bone formation scDBM. ADSC was found to attach firmly to scDBM bioscaffold as evidenced from SEM images in a dose-dependent manner. Callus formation was observed using X-ray bone imaging in the group with scDBM seeded with 2 × 106 and 5 × 106 ASCs group at the same time-periods. H&E staining revealed ASCs accelerated bone formation. IHC staining depicted the expression of Ki-67, BMP-2, and osteocalcin was elevated in scDBM seeded with 5 × 106 ASCs group at 12 weeks after surgery, relative to other experimental groups. To conclude, scDBM is an excellent scaffold that enhanced the attachment and recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells. scDBM seeded with ASCs accelerated new bone formation.

Expression of β-Catenin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Norina Basa ◽  
Daniela Lazar ◽  
Remus Cornea ◽  
Sorina Taban ◽  
Melania Ardelean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Tumor Cell Proliferation ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Development And Evolution

Alteration of β-catenin expression is involved in the development and evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); β-catenin is able to influence tumor cell proliferation. We analyzed the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of β-catenin on a group of 32 patients diagnosed with HCC using the anti-β-catenin monoclonal antibody (clone E247). We correlated the expression of β-catenin with the proliferation index of Ki-67 (PI Ki-67), the mitotic index (MI) and other clinical and pathological features. We observed an altered β-catenin expression in 58.38% of all HCC cases. This expression was insignificantly correlated with tumor size (]5 cm) (p = 0.683), histological grade G1-G2 (p = 0.307), vascular invasion (p = 0.299) and advanced pT stage (p = 0.453); we obtained a significantly higher MI in HCC with altered β-catenin expression (p = 0.018), as compared to HCC without overexpression (1.66 � 1.37) (p = 0.038) and a PI Ki-67 of 22.49 � 20.1 and 28.24 � 18.2, respectively in tumors with altered β-catenin expression with insignificant differences compared to HCC without overexpression (25.95 � 15.2) (p = 0.682 and p = 0.731, respectively). According to the results we obtained, aberrant β-catenin expression in HCC was correlated with a high mitotic index, therefore playing an important role in tumor progression by stimulating tumor cell proliferation; non-nuclear β-catenin overexpression can have a pathological significance in HCC, especially in cases of HCC associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Strategic Aspects of NPY-Based Monoclonal Antibodies for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1097-1102
Author(s):  
Drashti Desai ◽  
Pravin Shende
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Active Immunotherapy ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Protein Fusion ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Cost Efficient

: Immunotherapy emerges as a treatment strategy for breast cancer marker, diagnosis and treatment. In this review, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)-based passive and peptide vaccines as active immunotherapy approaches like activation of B-cells and T-cells are studied. Passive immunotherapy is mAbs-based therapy effective against tumor cells, which acts by targeting HER2, IGF 1R, VEGF, BCSC and immune checkpoints. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and GPCR are the areas of interest to target BC metastases for on-targeting therapeutic action. Neuropeptide S (NPS) or NPS receptor 1, acts as a biomarker for Neuroendocrine tumors (NET), mostly characterized by synaptophysin and chromogranin-A expression or Ki-67 proliferation index. The protein fusion technologies arise as a promising avenue in plant expression systems for increased recombinant Ab accumulation and cost-efficient purification. Recently, mAbs-based immunotherapy effectiveness is appreciated as a novel therapeutic combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy to reduce the side effects and improve therapeutic responsiveness. Synthetic drug resistance will be overcome by mAbs-based therapy through several clinical trials and detection methods need to be optimized for accuracy and precision. Pharmacokinetic attributes need to be accessed for preferred receptor-agonist activity without ligand accumulation.

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