scholarly journals Characteristics and Complications of Operative Acromioclavicular Joint Separations in an Active Population (222)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0033
Author(s):  
Donald Colantonio ◽  
Nicholas Panarello ◽  
Colin Harrington ◽  
Tahler Bandarra ◽  
Kelly Kilcoyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Bone Tunnel ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Revision Reconstruction ◽  
Bone Tunnels

Objectives: Coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction (CCR) is a commonly performed procedure for surgical management of high-grade acromioclavicular separations however there is a dearth of literature describing complications of this procedure. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence and characteristics of major complications following CCR in a large cohort of active patients. Methods: The Military Data Repository was queried for patients with Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes for CCR. Medical records and radiographs were evaluated for major postoperative complications including return to the operating room for surgical site infection (SSI), failure requiring revision, and fracture of the clavicle or coracoid. Results: 953 CCR were performed between October 2013 and March 2020. There were 44 failures requiring revision,18 post-operative fractures, and 18 SSI. Of the patients who developed SSI, 13 required removal of the graft and/or hardware, and 4 required revision reconstruction. There were 11 coracoid (61.1%) and 7 clavicle (38.9%) fractures. Seven coracoid fractures (63.6%) involved a bone tunnel in the coracoid whereas 4 coracoid fractures (36.4%) did not. Fracture incidence was 3.122 fractures per 1,000 person-years. Eleven of the fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, 4 with revision CCR, and 3 were treated non-operatively. Most patients who had a fracture regained full range of motion. Conclusions: This review of a large population who underwent CCR demonstrated an incidence of 1.35 complications per 100 person-years. Clavicle and coracoid fractures after CCR occur in 1.9 out of 100 cases. Fractures occurred after various methods of fixation and most were treated surgically. Coracoid fractures were nearly twice as prevalent as clavicle fractures and occured with and without bone tunnels in the coracoid. This study demonstrates that CCR is a relatively safe procedure in a physically active population. Complications are rare yet typically require surgical management.

scholarly journals Validity and responsiveness of the Daily- and Clinical visit-PROactive Physical Activity in COPD (D-PPAC and C-PPAC) instruments

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-238
Author(s):  
Judith Garcia-Aymerich ◽  
Milo A Puhan ◽  
Solange Corriol-Rohou ◽  
Corina de Jong ◽  
Heleen Demeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Minimal Important Difference ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Visit

BackgroundThe Daily-PROactive and Clinical visit-PROactive Physical Activity (D-PPAC and C-PPAC) instruments in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combines questionnaire with activity monitor data to measure patients’ experience of physical activity. Their amount, difficulty and total scores range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) but require further psychometric evaluation.ObjectiveTo test reliability, validity and responsiveness, and to define minimal important difference (MID), of the D-PPAC and C-PPAC instruments, in a large population of patients with stable COPD from diverse severities, settings and countries.MethodsWe used data from seven randomised controlled trials to evaluate D-PPAC and C-PPAC internal consistency and construct validity by sex, age groups, COPD severity, country and language as well as responsiveness to interventions, ability to detect change and MID.ResultsWe included 1324 patients (mean (SD) age 66 (8) years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s 55 (17)% predicted). Scores covered almost the full range from 0 to 100, showed strong internal consistency after stratification and correlated as a priori hypothesised with dyspnoea, health-related quality of life and exercise capacity. Difficulty scores improved after pharmacological treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation, while amount scores improved after behavioural physical activity interventions. All scores were responsive to changes in self-reported physical activity experience (both worsening and improvement) and to the occurrence of COPD exacerbations during follow-up. The MID was estimated to 6 for amount and difficulty scores and 4 for total score.ConclusionsThe D-PPAC and C-PPAC instruments are reliable and valid across diverse COPD populations and responsive to pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions and changes in clinically relevant variables.

scholarly journals Cognitive Abilities in the Wild: Population-scale game-based cognitive assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Kock Pedersen ◽  
Carlos Mauricio Castaño Díaz ◽  
Mario Alejandro Alba-Marrugo ◽  
Ali Amidi ◽  
Rajiv Vaid Basaiwmoit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
The Social ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Large Population Sample ◽  
Key Questions ◽  
Unique Dataset

Psychology and the social sciences are undergoing a revolution: It has become increasingly clear that traditional lab-based experiments fail to capture the full range of differences in cognitive abilities and behaviours across the general population. Some progress has been made toward devising measures that can be applied at scale across individuals and populations. What has been missing is a broad battery of validated tasks that can be easily deployed, used across different age ranges and social backgrounds, and employed in practical, clinical, and research contexts. Here, we present Skill Lab, a game-based approach allowing the efficient assessment of a suite of cognitive abilities. Skill Lab has been validated outside the lab in a crowdsourced population-size sample recruited in collaboration with the Danish Broadcast Company (Danmarks Radio, DR). Our game-based measures are five times faster to complete than the equivalent traditional measures and replicate previous findings on the decline of cognitive abilities with age in a large population sample. Furthermore, by combining the game data with an in-game survey, we demonstrate that this unique dataset has implication for key questions in social science, challenging the Jack-of-all-Trades theory of entrepreneurship and provide evidence for risk preference being independent of executive functioning.

The Effect of Graft Pretensioning on Bone Tunnel Diameter and Bone Formation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Rat Model: Evaluation With Micro–Computed Tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1349-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Chun Zong ◽  
Richard Ma ◽  
Hongsheng Wang ◽  
Guang-Ting Cong ◽  
Amir Lebaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Bone Tunnel ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Tunnel Diameter ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Bone Tunnels

Background: Moderate graft pretensioning in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is paramount to restore knee stability and normalize knee kinematics. However, little is known about the effect of graft pretensioning on graft-to-bone healing after ACL reconstruction. Hypothesis: Moderate graft pretensioning will improve bone formation within the bone tunnel after ACL reconstruction, resulting in superior load to failure. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: 67 male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral ACL reconstruction with a flexor digitorum longus tendon autograft. The graft was subjected to pretensioning forces of 0 N, 5 N, or 10 N. Custom-made external fixators were used for knee immobilization postoperatively. Rats were euthanized for biomechanical load-to-failure testing (n = 45) and micro–computed tomography (μCT) examination (n = 22) at 3 and 6 weeks after surgery. Three regions of each femoral and tibial bone tunnel (aperture, middle, and tunnel exit) were chosen for measurement of tunnel diameter and new bone formation. Results: Biomechanical tests revealed significantly higher load-to-failure in the 5-N graft pretensioned group compared with the 0- and 10-N groups at 3 weeks (8.58 ± 2.67 N vs 3.96 ± 1.83 N and 4.46 ± 2.62 N, respectively) and 6 weeks (16.56 ± 3.50 N vs 10.82 ± 1.97 N and 7.35 ± 2.85 N, respectively) after surgery ( P < .05). The mean bone tunnel diameters at each of the 3 regions were significantly smaller in the 5-N group, at both the femoral and tibial tunnel sites, than in the 0- and 10-N groups ( P < .05). At 3 and 6 weeks postoperatively, the bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, and connectivity density around the aperture and middle regions of the tibial bone tunnels were all significantly higher in the 5-N group compared with the 0- and 10-N groups ( P < .05). In the aperture and middle regions of the femoral bone tunnels, pretensioning at either 5 or 10 N resulted in increased bone formation compared with the nonpretensioned group at 3 weeks postoperatively. No differences were found in bone formation between any of the 3 femoral tunnel regions at 6 weeks. Conclusion: Graft pretensioning can stimulate new bone formation and improve tendon-to-bone tunnel healing after ACL reconstruction. Clinical Relevance: Optimal graft pretensioning force in ACL reconstruction can improve bone tunnel healing. Further study is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying the effect of graft pretensioning on healing at the bone-tunnel interface.

scholarly journals Immunological Outcomes of Bovine Colostrum Supplementation in Trained and Physically Active People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1023
Author(s):  
Natalia Główka ◽  
Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski ◽  
Małgorzata Woźniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bovine Colostrum ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Active Adults

Bovine colostrum (BC) is a promising natural product applied to improve immunological functions. However, there is very little evidence on the true benefits of BC treatment on the immune function of trained and physically active people; moreover, there is no consensus on the supplementation strategy. For this reason, the aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effects of BC supplementation on immunological outcomes in physically active people. Data from 10 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of BC supplementation in athletes and physically active adults were analysed, involving 239 participants. The results show that BC supplementation has no or a fairly low impact on improving the concentration of serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG), lymphocytes and neutrophils, and saliva immunoglobulin (IgA) in athletes and physically active participants. Previous research has shown BC to reduce upper respiratory tract infections; nevertheless, there is a gap of scientific knowledge on the mechanisms underlying these effects. Future RCTs are needed to focus on finding these mechanisms, as well as on preparing a clear consensus on a BC supplementation strategy in trained athletes and the physically active population.

Reliability of Clinician Scoring of the Functional Movement Screen to Assess Movement Patterns

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Stobierski ◽  
Shirleeah D. Fayson ◽  
Lindsay M. Minthorn ◽  
Tamara C. Valovich McLeod ◽  
Cailee E. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Functional Movement Screen ◽  
Clinical Scenario ◽  
Clinical Question ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Active Population

Clinical Scenario:Injuries are inevitable in the physically active population. As a part of preventive medicine, health care professionals often seek clinical tools that can be used in real time to identify factors that may predispose individuals to these injuries. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS), a clinical tool consisting of 7 individual tasks, has been reported as useful in identifying individuals in various populations that may be susceptible to musculoskeletal injuries. If factors that may predispose physically active individuals to injury could be identified before participation, clinicians may be able to develop a training plan based on FMS scores, which could potentially decrease the likelihood of injury and overall time missed from physical activities. However, in order for a screening tool to be used clinically, it must demonstrate acceptable reliability.Focused Clinical Question:Are clinicians reliable at scoring the FMS, in real time, to assess movement patterns of physically active individuals?

scholarly journals Effects of Personal and Occupational Stress on Injuries in a Young, Physically Active Population: A Survey of Military Personnel

2014 ◽  
Vol 179 (11) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl Bedno ◽  
Keith Hauret ◽  
Kelly Loringer ◽  
Tzu-Cheg Kao ◽  
Timothy Mallon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Active Population

Comparative Evaluation of Bone Suture Anchor to Bone Tunnel Fixation of Tibialis Anterior Tendon in Cadaveric Cuboid Bone: A Biomechanical Investigation

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin W. Fennell ◽  
John M. Ballard ◽  
Daniel S. Pflaster ◽  
Rodney H. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Suture Anchor ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Bone Tunnel ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Tendon ◽  
Cuboid Bone ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Bone Tunnels

A multiphase biomechanical study was performed using human tibialis anterior tendons and cuboid bones, comparing the fixation of the tendon to the bone using bone anchors and bone tunnels. Twenty-six specimens were tested for ultimate load to failure comparing Mitek Superanchor fixation with no. 1 and no. 5 braided polyethelyne suture to bone tunnel fixation. Mitek Superanchor with no. 5 suture failed at 223 N, compared with Mitek Superanchor with no. 1 suture at 134 N and bone tunnel at 143 N ( P = 0.033). Mitek with no. 1 suture versus bone tunnel was not significantly different. The Mitek with no. 5 suture failed at the tendon/suture interface (75%), the Mitek with no. 1 suture failed at the suture/anchor interface (56%), and bone tunnel fixation failed most commonly by fracture of the tunnel (76%). This study is the first biomechanical analysis of the pullout strengths of bone tunnels or suture anchors in the cuboid bone. We have shown that the suture anchor has a pullout strength comparable or superior to a conventional bone tunnel in an in vitro situation. We believe it is a viable alternative to fixation of the tibialis anterior tendon to the cuboid when there is insufficient tendon length or failure of the bone tunnel.

scholarly journals HR Max Prediction Based on Age, Body Composition, Fitness Level, Testing Modality and Sex in Physically Active Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Lach ◽  
Szczepan Wiecha ◽  
Daniel Śliż ◽  
Szymon Price ◽  
Mateusz Zaborski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

Maximal heart rate (HRmax) is associated mostly with age, but age alone explains the variance in HRmax to a limited degree and may not be adequate to predict HRmax in certain groups. The present study was carried out on 3374 healthy Caucasian, Polish men and women, clients of a sports clinic, mostly sportspeople, with a mean age of 36.57 years, body mass 74.54 kg, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max, ml∗kg–1∗min–1) 50.07. Cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) were carried out on treadmills or cycle ergometers to evaluate HRmax and VO2max. Linear, multiple linear, stepwise, Ridge and LASSO regression modeling were applied to establish the relationship between HRmax, age, fitness level, VO2max, body mass, age, testing modality and body mass index (BMI). Mean HRmax predictions calculated with 5 previously published formulae were evaluated in subgroups created according to all variables. HRmax was univariately explained by a 202.5–0.53∗age formula (R2 = 19.18). The weak relationship may be explained by the similar age with small standard deviation (SD). Multiple linear regression, stepwise and LASSO yielded an R2 of 0.224, while Ridge yielded R2 0.20. Previously published formulae were less precise in the more outlying groups of the studied population, overestimating HRmax in older age groups and underestimating in younger. The 202.5–0.53∗age formula developed in the present study was the best in the studied population, yielding lowest mean errors in most groups, suggesting it could be used in more active individuals. Tanaka’s formula offers the second best overall prediction, while the 220-age formula yields remarkably high mean errors of up to 9 bpm. In conclusion, adding the studied variables in multiple regression models improves the accuracy of prediction only slightly over age alone and is unlikely to be useful in clinical practice.

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