Salivary Fructosamine as a Noninvasive Glycemic Biomarker: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 238008442095435
Author(s):  
Z.H. Khoury ◽  
P. Illesca ◽  
A.S. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background: Standard diagnostic and monitoring methods for glycemic status involve invasive sample collection through venous puncture or fingerstick. Recent attention has been focused on exploring noninvasive methods through oral biofluids. Specifically, serum fructosamine has been established as a short-term (2- to 3-wk) marker of disease status in patients with diabetes. Fructosamine measured through noninvasive means such as saliva has shown promise, but its clinical applicability is unknown. Objective: Evaluate the available evidence on using salivary fructosamine as a reliable noninvasive marker to screen and diagnose patients with diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting. A comparative analysis of the correlative accuracy of salivary fructosamine measurements with established blood glycemic biomarkers such as serum fructosamine, blood glucose, and HbA1c will be conducted. Methods: Six electronic databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library) were searched for original research papers (clinical and animal studies) that were relevant to the objective of this systematic review. The search was initiated on May 28, 2020. The systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Bias risk assessment, overall quality, and level of evidence were based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies, and Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies tool. Heterogeneity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for cross-sectional studies. Results: A total of 174 records were identified. Full-text articles screened for eligibility (n = 21) identified only 6 original research articles relevant to the research question and were thus included in the systematic review. The types of studies identified were cross-sectional and in vivo studies. Three studies (3/6) showed positive correlation of salivary fructosamine with blood glucose levels, while 1 study (1/6) demonstrated a positive correlation with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Limitations related to sample size and selection were identified along with a fair level of interstudy heterogeneity. Conclusion: Based on the evidence evaluated, the utility of salivary fructosamine as a noninvasive marker to screen and diagnose patients with diabetes is doubtful. The overall level of evidence was low (IIIB) and the risk of bias was determined to be high. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Further evidence in the form of large-scale well-controlled studies is needed prior to recommending salivary fructosamine as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for glycemic status in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Additional appointments and discomfort associated with compliance-free fixed Class II corrector treatment: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Phuong ◽  
Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes ◽  
Sahar Abtahi ◽  
Mary Roduta Roberts ◽  
Paul W Major ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Weak Recommendation ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Summary Objective A critical analysis of the literature to determine the prevalence and type of emergency/additional appointments, and discomfort levels associated with fixed Class II correctors. Methods Studies examining patient’s sources of discomfort or emergency appointments associated with compliance-free Class II correctors were included. Comprehensive searches up to July 2018 were conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE (OvidSP), PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. A partial grey literature search was taken using Google Scholar and OpenGrey. Two reviewers independently performed the selection process and risk of bias assessment. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies were used. A summary of the overall strength of evidence was presented using ‘Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation’ (GRADE) tool. Included studies were evaluated according to their design, study quality, consistency, and directness. Results The selected studies were published between 2001 and 2018, and the number of patients per studied group ranged from 8 to 182. One thousand five hundred forty-two patients were evaluated in total. The patients’ mean age at start of treatment ranged from 10 to 16.9 years and the fixed Class II corrector treatment duration ranged from 4 to 12 months. The included studies in this systematic review were too clinically heterogeneous (different appliances, different data recollection processes) to justify a meta-analysis. Limitations This review was not previously registered. A low level of evidence was observed among the two randomized trials, the 10 cohorts and three cross-sectional studies identified. Conclusions The main source of discomfort from Forsus-type appliances appears to be soreness in the cheeks (low level of evidence with a weak recommendation strength). Most evaluated patients treated with a Herbst appliance, regardless of design, will experience complications (fractures and/or dislodging) requiring emergency appointments (low level of evidence with a weak recommendation strength). Registration The review protocol was not registered.

scholarly journals Benefits of the addition of continuous or flash glucose monitoring versus standard practice using self-monitored blood glucose and haemoglobin A1c in the primary care of diabetes mellitus: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e050027
Author(s):  
Alexander Kieu ◽  
Romona Devi Govender ◽  
Linda Östlundh ◽  
Jeffrey King
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Physician Satisfaction ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

IntroductionStudies demonstrate that optimal glycaemic control reduces morbidity from diabetes mellitus but remains elusive in a significant portion of patients. Although research shows that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) improves glycaemic control in selected subsets of patients with diabetes in specialty practices, we found no systematic reviews evaluating the use of CGM/FGM in primary care, where the majority of patients with diabetes are cared for.This systematic review aims to answer the questions: ‘compared with usual care of self-monitoring blood glucose and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), does the addition of CGM/FGM use in the primary care of patients with diabetes improve glycaemic control, decrease rates of hypoglycaemia, and improve patient and physician satisfaction?’ and if so, ‘what subgroups of primary care patients with diabetes are most likely to benefit?’.Methods and analysisAligning with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines, a search will be conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science. We will include studies investigating CGM/FGM use and reporting the primary outcome measure of HbA1c and secondary outcome measures of hypoglycaemia, time in range, time below range, time above range and patient/staff satisfaction. We will examine which patient populations appear to benefit from CGM/FGM. Three independent researchers will use the Covidence systematic review software for blinded screening and study selection. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute quality assessment tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to assess the risk of bias and quality of evidence.Ethics and disseminationThe systematic review methodology does not require ethics approval due to the nature of the study design. Study findings will be publicly available to a wide readership across disciplines and will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021229416.

scholarly journals Relationship between Blood Glucose, Cholesterol and Blood Pressure in Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Diabetic Ulcers

Academia Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Khosnaini ◽  
Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Ulcers ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
The Relationship

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by heredity or environment. According to Riskesdas, 2018 states that based on a doctor's diagnosis, the number of diabetes mellitus cases in Indonesia has increased to 2% compared to the results of Rikesdas in 2013 which was only 1.5%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between blood glucose, cholesterol and blood pressure in diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic ulcers. The research design used was cross sectional. The research sample was 30 patients with diabetes mellitus with diabetic ulcers at Wonoayu Luka House. This research was conducted from February to March 2021. The results showed that there was no relationship between blood glucose and cholesterol with blood pressure (r=0.043, r=-0.199) after the Pearson correlation test was performed.

scholarly journals Blood Glucose Level And Candida spp. Growth In Elderly Diabetes Melitus Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rifqoh Rifqoh ◽  
Syaidatul Aslamiah ◽  
Jujuk Anton Cahyono ◽  
Erpan Roebiakto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Medium Level

Diabetes mellitus is a presdisposing factor against infection, especially in orofacial area. Infectious diseases are more frequent serious in patients with diabetes mellitus, which potentially increases their morbimortality. The more frequent oral mucosa infection of DM patients is candidiasis which caused by Candida spp. This research is aimed to obtain the correlation between fasting blood glucose level and Candida spp. growth in elderly diabetes mellitus patients. This analytical survey research used cross-sectional design through GOD-PAP methode for fasting blood glucose level test and macroscopic method for total colony of Candida spp. growth. The result of fasting blood glucose level test average 186,06 mg/dl the highest level is 492,90 mg/dl and the lowest one is 72,08 mg/dl. Meanwhile, the result of Candida spp. is 131 at the average and the highest growth is 350 and the lowest one is 12 colonies. The result of the research indicates that there is a rising of Candida spp. to level of fasting blood glucose in elderly diabetes mellitus patients. Based on correlational test of spearman, it gains significant value 0,001 < α = 0,005 of that shows there is a correlation between fasting blood glucose level and Candida spp. growth in diabetes mellitus elderly patients with the strenght relation (r) = 0,572 which means in medium level. Further researches about the influence to the other presdisposing factors of Candida spp. growth are recommended

scholarly journals Is There Any Association Between Chronic Periodontitis and Anxiety in Adults? A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walessa Alana Bragança Aragão ◽  
de Deiweson Souza-Monteiro ◽  
Deborah Ribeiro Frazão ◽  
Yago Gecy de Sousa Né ◽  
Railson de Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychosocial Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease triggered by dysbiotic biofilms, involving the host's immune response, systemic and behavioral factors, including psychosocial conditions. This systematic review aimed to investigate the possible association between periodontitis and anxiety in adults. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane, and OpenGrey databases, without language restrictions, considering studies in adults (P-Participants), with (E-Exposure) and without periodontitis (C- Comparison) in an outcome of association with anxiety (O-outcome). Methodological quality assessment was carried out using the Newcastle-Ottawa protocol for case-control and cross-sectional studies, followed by an analysis of the level of evidence using the GRADE tool. Metanalysis was not performed due to several differences in methods applied by authors in primary studies. Eleven observational studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria from the total of 6,380 studies retrieved from databases. Eight studies demonstrated higher anxiety levels in subjects with periodontitis, among which only one study presented a high risk of bias. The GRADE tool revealed a low level of evidence for the anxiety outcome measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), both for case-control and cross-sectional studies. However, since anxiety may affect the quality of life of many subjects, it reinforces the need for further studies that evaluate this association for more extended periods.Clinical Trial Registration:PROSPERO-CRD42020190445.

Assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare personnel regarding biomedical waste management: a systematic review of available tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Mannocci ◽  
Ornella di Bella ◽  
Domenico Barbato ◽  
Fulvio Castellani ◽  
Giuseppe La Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Biomedical waste (BMW) management is an important commitment of hospitals both in terms of the possible infectious risk and from the financial point of view. Monitoring the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of healthcare professionals on this topic represents a source of information on BMW management. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review to identify the reliable and valid tools able to assess the KAP of professionals in healthcare centers to manage BMW. Two databases (PubMed and Scopus) were searched on 10 May 2018 for cross-sectional studies with tools on BWM management, including original research studies from peer-reviewed journals, case studies, and review studies. Information on validation and reliability were collected. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for cross-sectional studies. Fifty-three articles were included, of which 19 presented a questionnaire on BMW for healthcare workers. Nine proposed a validated questionnaire: four reported Cronbach’s alpha, which ranged from 0.62 to 0.86. Results further emphasize the prevalence of Asian studies facing the problem of assessing KAP about BMW management using specific tools. Overall, 14 questionnaires were designed in Asia, two in Africa, one in America, one in Australia, and one questionnaire was elaborated in Europe, in Spain. This systematic review highlighted the need of creation of validated and methodologically high-quality questionnaires. Therefore, there is the need of new cross-sectional studies to investigate these problems, improving generalization, and facilitating international comparison of research findings.

scholarly journals Self-care among patients enrolled in a self-monitoring blood glucose program

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Saraiva Veras ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
Flavia Fernanda Luchetti Rodrigues ◽  
Clarissa Cordeiro Alves Arrelias ◽  
Tatiane Aparecida Martins Pedersoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

This cross-sectional study checks specific self-care activities of patients with diabetes mellitus enrolled in a self-monitoring blood glucose program from August to December 2012 in two Primary Health Care units in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample was composed of 74 female and male individuals, aged 18 years old or older. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire was used. It contains six dimensions: general diet, specific diet, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, medication usage, plus three items about smoking. Eight out of the 15 self-care activities were within desirable levels, namely: healthy diet, not eating sweets, blood glucose testing and as frequently as recommended, drying between toes after washing feet, and taking medications (three items). The results enabled the identification of gaps in specific self-care activities among patients with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Alhumaid ◽  
Abbas Al Mutair ◽  
Zainab Al Alawi ◽  
Ali A. Rabaan ◽  
Mohammed A. Alomari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Background One possible reason for increased mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with diabetes is from the complication of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Objectives To re-evaluate the association of SARS-CoV-2 and development of DKA and analyse the demographic and biochemical parameters and the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with DKA. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed. Methods Electronic databases (Proquest, Medline, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Scopus and Nature) were searched from 1 December 2019 to 30 June 2021 in the English language using the following keywords alone or in combination: COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 AND diabetic ketoacidosis OR DKA OR ketosis OR ketonemia OR hyperglycaemic emergency OR hyperglycaemic crisis. We included studies in adults and children of all ages in all healthcare settings. Binary logistic regression model was used to explore the effect of various demographic and biochemical parameters variables on patient’s final treatment outcome (survival or death). Results Of the 484 papers that were identified, 68 articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (54 case report, 10 case series, and 4 cohort studies). Studies involving 639 DKA patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 [46 (7.2%) were children and 334 (52.3%) were adults] were analyzed. The median or mean patient age ranged from < 1 years to 66 years across studies. Most of the patients (n = 309, 48.3%) had pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The majority of the patients were male (n = 373, 58.4%) and belonged to Hispanic (n = 156, 24.4%) and black (n = 98, 15.3%) ethnicity. The median random blood glucose level, HbA1c, pH, bicarbonate, and anion gap in all included patients at presentation were 507 mg/dl [IQR 399–638 mg/dl], 11.4% [IQR 9.9–13.5%], 7.16 [IQR 7.00–7.22], 10 mmol/l [IQR 6.9–13 mmol/l], and 24.5 mEq/l [18–29.2 mEq/l]; respectively. Mortality rate was [63/243, 25.9%], with a majority of death in patients of Hispanic ethnicity (n = 17, 27%; p = 0.001). The odd ratios of death were significantly high in patients with pre-existing diabetes mellitus type 2 [OR 5.24, 95% CI 2.07–15.19; p = 0.001], old age (≥ 60 years) [OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.38–7.91; p = 0.007], and male gender [OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.37–5.17; p = 0.004] compared to those who survived. Conclusion DKA is not uncommon in SARS-CoV-2 patients with diabetes mellitus and results in a mortality rate of 25.9%. Mortality key determinants in DKA patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are individuals with pre-existing diabetes mellitus type 2, older age [≥ 60 years old], male gender, BMI ≥ 30, blood glucose level > 1000 mg/dl, and anion gap ≥ 30 mEq/l.

scholarly journals Pengkajian Stres pada Penyandang Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ria Afnenda Naibaho ◽  
Niken Safitri Dyan Kusumaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Stres dapat dialami oleh penyandang Diabetes Mellitus atau DM karena harus menjalankan perubahan pola hidup seperti pengaturan pola makan, kontrol gula darah, mengkonsumsi obat-obatan, dan memperbanyak aktivitas yang bertujuan agar tidak terjadi peningkatan gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat stres yang dialami oleh penyandang DM. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner Depression Anxiety Stres Scale (DASS). Pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan selama bulan Mei 2018 menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling pada pasien di Rowosari, Semarang. Sebanyak 112 responden telah berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat yang memaparkan frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden yang berpartisipasi adalah perempuan (77,7%) dan mengalami komplikasi (82,1%). Temuan lainnya menunjukkan bahwa lebih banyak penyandang DM yang mengalami stres sedang (32,1%) daripada stres normal, ringan, berat atau sangat berat. Penyandang DM yang memiliki tingkat stres sedang memiliki ciri-ciri mudah marah, mudah sensitif, sulit beristirahat, merasa lelah karena cemas, tidak sabar, gelisah, dan tidak dapat memaklumi hal yang dapat menganggu. Secara umum, kebanyakan penyandang DM sering kali menghabiskan banyak energi untuk merasa cemas dan juga sulit untuk beristirahat. Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus, glukosa darah, kadar glukosa darah, stres ASSESSMENT OF STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ABSTRACTStress can be experienced by patients with Diabetes Mellitus or DM because they have to run lifestyle changes such as diet, blood sugar control, drugs consumption, and reproduce activities aimed at not increasing blood sugar. The study aimed to determine level of stress in diabetes patients in patients with DM. This research was a quantitative research with cross sectional approach and using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire. Consecutive sampling technique was used to gather the data from respondents in Rowosari Semarang in May 2018. One hundred and twelve patients full-filed the questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out univariately which explained the frequency and percentage. The majority of respondents were women (77.7%) and had complication of DM (82.1%). Findings also revealed that more of diabetes patients have experienced moderate stress (32.1%) than normal, mild, severe, or very severe. Patients with diabetes who have moderate levels of stress have characteristics of easy irritated, sensitive, difficult to rest, displeasure, anxious, and cannot understand things easily. Generally speaking, more diabetes patients consume more energy for worry something easily irritated and difficult to rest.  Keywords: diabetes mellitus, blood glucose, blood glucose level, stress

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