Efficiency of BERNESE single baseline rapid static positioning solutions with search strategy

This review summarizes studies discussing vitamin D status in adults and reveals that vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is highly prevalent in adults and that current fortification and supplementation policies are inadequate. Background and aims: Studies suggest a crucial role for adequate vitamin D status in various health conditions including bone metabolism, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and allergies. However, relatively little is known about poor vitamin D status and unmet needs in adults. This report aims to highlight the contribution of epidemiologic studies (through the identification of health effects and societal burden) to the development of vitamin D fortification and supplementation policies and reveal unmet global challenges in adults. Methods: In order to assess worldwide vitamin D status in adults, the search strategy combined the medical literature database MEDLINE (using PubMed) for the time period between January 1, 1980 and February 28, 2011, using the key words vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, and included articles in which access to full text was possible and in which healthy adults were assessed according to one of four commonly used vitamin D threshold classifications. Results: This report reveals that vitamin D deficiency occurs in 4.10 % [95 % CI (confidence interval), 3.93 %, 4.27 %] to 55.05 % (54.07 %, 56.03 %) of adults, while insufficiency occurs in 26.07 % (24.82 %, 27.33 %) to 78.50 % (77.85 %, 79.16 %), depending on the classification used. However, lack of overlap in CIs and high value of I2 statistics indicate considerable heterogeneity between studies. Further, certain populations (i. e. dark-skinned individuals, immigrants, and pregnant women) may be at higher risk for poor vitamin D status. Conclusion: Current policies for vitamin D supplementation and fortification are inadequate and new guidelines are required to improve vitamin D status in adults.

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Artificial bee colony algorithm with modified search strategy

Journal of Computer Applications ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1087.2012.03326 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 3326-3330

Author(s):

Yin-xue ZHANG ◽

Xue-min TIAN ◽

Yu-ping CAO

Keyword(s):

Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm ◽

Artificial Bee Colony ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Bee Colony

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Neuroimaging Outcomes in Studies of Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205017666200624202425 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 472-486

Author(s):

Lucy Beishon ◽

Kannakorn Intharakham ◽

David Swienton ◽

Ronney B. Panerai ◽

Thompson G. Robinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Early Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

The Cochrane Library

Background: Cognitive Training (CT) has demonstrated some benefits to cognitive and psychosocial function in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and early dementia, but the certainty related to those findings remains unclear. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which CT improves cognitive functioning may help to understand the relationships between CT and cognitive function. The purpose of this review was to identify the evidence for neuroimaging outcomes in studies of CT in MCI and early Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Methods: Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were searched with a predefined search strategy, which yielded 1778 articles. Studies were suitable for inclusion where a CT program was used in patients with MCI or AD, with a structural or functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) outcome. Studies were assessed for quality using the Downs and Black criteria. Results: Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were searched with a predefined search strategy, which yielded 1778 articles. Studies were suitable for inclusion where a CT program was used in patients with MCI or AD, with a structural or functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) outcome. Studies were assessed for quality using the Downs and Black criteria. Conclusions: CT resulted in variable functional and structural changes in dementia, and conclusions are limited by heterogeneity and study quality. Larger, more robust studies are required to correlate these findings with clinical benefits from CT.

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The Scoping Review of Smart Healthcare Applications in Medical Health (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.18681 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Cheng Hang Wu ◽

Ching Ju Chiu ◽

Yen Ju Liou ◽

Chun Ying Lee ◽

Susan C. Hu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Related Research ◽

Geographic Access ◽

Smart Healthcare ◽

Research Findings ◽

Healthcare Interventions

BACKGROUND There is still no consensus on research terms for smart healthcare worldwide. The study conducted by Lewis 10 years ago showed extending geographic access was the major health purpose of health-related information communication technology (ICT), but today's situation may be different because of the rapid development of smart healthcare. Objective: The main aim of this study is to classify recent smart healthcare interventions. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted as a feasible tool for exploring this domain and summarizing related research findings. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study is to classify recent smart healthcare interventions. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted as a feasible tool for exploring this domain and summarizing related research findings. METHODS The scoping review relies on the analysis of previous reviews of smart healthcare interventions assessed for their effectiveness in the framework of a systematic review and/or meta-analysis. The search strategy was based on the identification of smart healthcare interventions reported as the proposed keywords. In the analysis, the reviews published from January 2015 to December 2019 were included. RESULTS The number of publications for smart healthcare's systematic reviews has continued to grow in the past five years. The search strategy yielded 210 systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses addressed to target groups of interest. 68.5% of these publications used mobile health as a keyword. According to the classification by Lewis, 37.62% of the literature was applied to extend geographic access. According to the classification by the Joint Commission of Taiwan (JCT), 48.84% of smart healthcare was applied in clinical areas, and 60% of it was applied in outpatient medical services. CONCLUSIONS Smart healthcare interventions are being widely used in clinical settings and for disease management. The research of mobile health has received the most attention among smart healthcare interventions. The main purpose of mobile health was used to extend geographic access to increase medical accessibility in clinical areas. CLINICALTRIAL none

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Optimization Algorithms for Detection of Social Interactions

Algorithms ◽

10.3390/a13060139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vincenzo Cutello ◽

Georgia Fargetta ◽

Mario Pavone ◽

Rocco A. Scollo

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Local Search ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Community Detection ◽

Experimental Analysis ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Random Search ◽

Optimization Methods ◽

Research Areas ◽

Greedy Optimization

Community detection is one of the most challenging and interesting problems in many research areas. Being able to detect highly linked communities in a network can lead to many benefits, such as understanding relationships between entities or interactions between biological genes, for instance. Two different immunological algorithms have been designed for this problem, called Opt-IA and Hybrid-IA, respectively. The main difference between the two algorithms is the search strategy and related immunological operators developed: the first carries out a random search together with purely stochastic operators; the last one is instead based on a deterministic Local Search that tries to refine and improve the current solutions discovered. The robustness of Opt-IA and Hybrid-IA has been assessed on several real social networks. These same networks have also been considered for comparing both algorithms with other seven different metaheuristics and the well-known greedy optimization Louvain algorithm. The experimental analysis conducted proves that Opt-IA and Hybrid-IA are reliable optimization methods for community detection, outperforming all compared algorithms.

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The Use of Interpreters in Medical Education: A Narrative Literature Review

Societies ◽

10.3390/soc11030070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Costas S. Constantinou ◽

Andrew Timothy Ng ◽

Chase Beverley Becker ◽

Parmida Enayati Zadeh ◽

Alexia Papageorgiou

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Literature Review ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Critical Assessment ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Interpretive Approach ◽

Assessment Skills ◽

Narrative Literature ◽

Research Questions ◽

Narrative Literature Review

This paper presents the results of a narrative literature review on the use of interpreters in medical education. A careful search strategy was based on keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria, and used the databases PubMed, Medline Ovid, Google Scholar, Scopus, CINAHL, and EBSCO. The search strategy resulted in 20 articles, which reflected the research aim and were reviewed on the basis of an interpretive approach. They were then critically appraised in accordance with the “critical assessment skills programme” guidelines. Results showed that the use of interpreters in medical education as part of the curriculum is scarce, but students have been trained in how to work with interpreters when interviewing patients to fully develop their skills. The study highlights the importance of integrating the use of interpreters in medical curricula, proposes a framework for achieving this, and suggests pertinent research questions for enriching cultural competence.

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Providing trial results to participants in phase III pragmatic effectiveness RCTs: a scoping review

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05300-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hanne Bruhn ◽

Elle-Jay Cowan ◽

Marion K. Campbell ◽

Lynda Constable ◽

Seonaidh Cotton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Future Research ◽

To Receive ◽

Emotional Effects ◽

Trial Participants ◽

Narrative Description ◽

Do So

Abstract Background There is an ethical imperative to offer the results of trials to those who participated. Existing research highlights that less than a third of trials do so, despite the desire of participants to receive the results of the trials they participated in. This scoping review aimed to identify, collate, and describe the available evidence relating to any aspect of disseminating trial results to participants. Methods A scoping review was conducted employing a search of key databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from January 2008 to August 2019) to identify studies that had explored any aspect of disseminating results to trial participants. The search strategy was based on that of a linked existing review. The evidence identified describes the characteristics of included studies using narrative description informed by analysis of relevant data using descriptive statistics. Results Thirty-three eligible studies, including 12,700 participants (which included patients, health care professionals, trial teams), were identified and included. Reporting of participant characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity) across the studies was poor. The majority of studies investigated dissemination of aggregate trial results. The most frequently reported mode of disseminating of results was postal. Overall, the results report that participants evaluated receipt of trial results positively, with reported benefits including improved communication, demonstration of appreciation, improved retention, and engagement in future research. However, there were also some concerns about how well the dissemination was resourced and done, worries about emotional effects on participants especially when reporting unfavourable results, and frustration about the delay between the end of the trial and receipt of results. Conclusions This scoping review has highlighted that few high-quality evaluative studies have been conducted that can provide evidence on the best ways to deliver results to trial participants. There have been relatively few qualitative studies that explore perspectives from diverse populations, and those that have been conducted are limited to a handful of clinical areas. The learning from these studies can be used as a platform for further research and to consider some core guiding principles of the opportunities and challenges when disseminating trial results to those who participated.

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A Local Search-Based Generalized Normal Distribution Algorithm for Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11114837 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 4837

Author(s):

Mohamed Abdel-Basset ◽

Reda Mohamed ◽

Mohamed Abouhawwash ◽

Victor Chang ◽

S. S. Askar

Keyword(s):

Local Search ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Flow Shop ◽

Flow Shop Scheduling ◽

Discrete Problem ◽

Mutation Operator ◽

Shop Scheduling ◽

Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling ◽

Local Search Strategy ◽

Generalized Normal Distribution

This paper studies the generalized normal distribution algorithm (GNDO) performance for tackling the permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSSP). Because PFSSP is a discrete problem and GNDO generates continuous values, the largest ranked value rule is used to convert those continuous values into discrete ones to make GNDO applicable for solving this discrete problem. Additionally, the discrete GNDO is effectively integrated with a local search strategy to improve the quality of the best-so-far solution in an abbreviated version of HGNDO. More than that, a new improvement using the swap mutation operator applied on the best-so-far solution to avoid being stuck into local optima by accelerating the convergence speed is effectively applied to HGNDO to propose a new version, namely a hybrid-improved GNDO (HIGNDO). Last but not least, the local search strategy is improved using the scramble mutation operator to utilize each trial as ideally as possible for reaching better outcomes. This improved local search strategy is integrated with IGNDO to produce a new strong algorithm abbreviated as IHGNDO. Those proposed algorithms are extensively compared with a number of well-established optimization algorithms using various statistical analyses to estimate the optimal makespan for 41 well-known instances in a reasonable time. The findings show the benefits and speedup of both IHGNDO and HIGNDO over all the compared algorithms, in addition to HGNDO.

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