Clinoptilolite from zeolitized tuffs of Azerbaidzhan

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (313) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-A. Kashkai ◽  
I. A. Babaev
Keyword(s):  
Previous Literature ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Optical Electron ◽  
Lesser Caucasus

SummaryA study has been made of a large clinoptilolite deposit in the Lesser Caucasus (Azerbaidzhan SSR). The geological conditions have been examined and a number of samples investigated by optical, electron-microscopic, chemical, X-ray, thermal, and infra-red methods. Based on these investigations and on comparison with previous literature, mineralogical, chemical, and geochemical conclusions are drawn and conditions for clinoptilolite genesis are considered.

scholarly journals PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN PERALATAN LABORATORIUM FISIKA MATERIAL DAN RISET BAGI GURU-GURU FISIKA SMA SE KOTA MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donny R Wenas
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Microscopic Energy

Kemampuan melaksanakan kegiatan praktikum/demonstrasi dan mengembangkan materi pembelajaran berbasis laboratorium adalah salah satu kompetensi guru fisika. Peningkatan kemampuan tersebut akan meningkatkan daya saing lulusan siswa. Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah: 1) memperkenalkan pengetahuan tentang laboratorium Fisika material dan Riset bagi guru Fisika SMA se kota Manado; 2) memberikan pelatihan keterampilan penggunaan peralatan laboratorium Fisika material dan riset bagi guru Fisika SMA se kota Manado; 3) menjelaskan manfaat karakterisasi peralatan laboratorium Fisika Material dan Riset bagi guru Fisika SMA se kota Manado; dan 4) menjalin kerja sama antara dunia kerja yaitu Sekolah dengan Perguruan Tinggi (UNIMA) agar tercipta keserasian tentang kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia dilapangan dan kurikulum yang diterapkan khususnya pada Program Studi Fisika FMIPA UNIMA. Metode yang dilakukan adalah ceramah, demonstrasi, peragaan, diskusi dan evaluasi. Kegiatan ini akan menghasilkan produk berupa buku panduan bagaimana dan apa yang harus dilakukan dalam mengoperasikan peralatan laboratorium fisika material dan riset. Buku panduan akan dirancang semenarik mungkin disertai gambar dan keterangan serta langkah-langkah dalam mengoperasikan alat laboratorium. Disamping buku panduan, akan dibuat juga buku ajar tentang konsep dan teori terkait dengan peralatan laboratorium fisika material dan riset serta artikel ilmiah. Berdasarkan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan, maka diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: 1) para peserta (Guru fisika SMA) mengenal pengetahuan tentang spektroskopi UV-Vis (Ultra Violet Visible); 2) memahami pengetahuan tentang spektroskopi FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra red); 3) mengenal pengetahuan tentang SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopic-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometric); dan 4) mampu mengoperasikan alat spektrometer UV-Vis, FTIR, dan SEM-EDX.

A dickite with an elongated crystal habit and its dehydroxylation

1959 ◽  
Vol 32 (247) ◽  
pp. 314-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Schmidt ◽  
R. O. Heckroodt
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Particle Size Effect ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Data ◽  
Endothermal Effect ◽  
Optical Electron

SummaryDickite from a new occurrence at Barkly East, Cape Province, is described and compared with a previously unreported dickite from Postmasburg and a dickite from Ouray, Colorado. The Barkly East dickite crystals are elongated in the direction of the a-axis; the ratio of length to width of crystals varies from 3:1 to 16:1. Optical, electron microscopic, X-ray, and thermal data and a chemical analysis are given. The thermogram of the fraction smaller than 2 µ e.s.d.1 is characterized by a single peak at 600°C., while that of fractions larger than 2 µ e.s.d. shows a double endothermal effect. This two-stage dehydroxylation of dickite on heating is attributed to a particle size effect.

Electron Microscopy of Human Gallstones

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
C. Wolpers ◽  
R. Blaschke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Crystal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Main Components

Scanning microscopy was used to study the surface of human gallstones and the surface of fractures. The specimens were obtained by operation, washed with water, dried at room temperature and shadowcasted with carbon and aluminum. Most of the specimens belong to patients from a series of X-ray follow-up study, examined during the last twenty years. So it was possible to evaluate approximately the age of these gallstones and to get information on the intensity of growing and solving.Cholesterol, a group of bile pigment substances and different salts of calcium, are the main components of human gallstones. By X-ray diffraction technique, infra-red spectroscopy and by chemical analysis it was demonstrated that all three components can be found in any gallstone. In the presence of water cholesterol crystallizes in pane-like plates of the triclinic crystal system.

Direct visualization of phase-separated domains in lipid membranes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-291
Author(s):  
S. W. Hui ◽  
T. P. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Direct Visualization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chains

Direct electron microscopic study of biological molecules has been hampered by such factors as radiation damage, lack of contrast and vacuum drying. In certain cases, however, the difficulties may be overcome by using redundent structural information from repeating units and by various specimen preservation methods. With bilayers of phospholipids in which both the solid and fluid phases co-exist, the ordering of the hydrocarbon chains may be utilized to form diffraction contrast images. Domains of different molecular packings may be recgnizable by placing properly chosen filters in the diffraction plane. These domains would correspond to those observed by freeze fracture, if certain distinctive undulating patterns are associated with certain molecular packing, as suggested by X-ray diffraction studies. By using an environmental stage, we were able to directly observe these domains in bilayers of mixed phospholipids at various temperatures at which their phases change from misible to inmissible states.

Polarity Determination in Sphalerite and Wurtzite Structures

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Stuart McKernan ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Polarity ◽  
Single Domain ◽  
Polar Material ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Dynamical Interaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polarity Determination ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

The determination of the absolute polarity of a polar material is often crucial to the understanding of the defects which occur in such materials. Several methods exist by which this determination may be performed. In bulk, single-domain specimens, macroscopic techniques may be used, such as the different etching behavior, using the appropriate etchant, of surfaces with opposite polarity. X-ray measurements under conditions where Friedel’s law (which means that the intensity of reflections from planes of opposite polarity are indistinguishable) breaks down can also be used to determine the absolute polarity of bulk, single-domain specimens. On the microscopic scale, and particularly where antiphase boundaries (APBs), which separate regions of opposite polarity exist, electron microscopic techniques must be employed. Two techniques are commonly practised; the first [1], involves the dynamical interaction of hoLz lines which interfere constructively or destructively with the zero order reflection, depending on the crystal polarity. The crystal polarity can therefore be directly deduced from the relative intensity of these interactions.

X-Ray Microanalysis of Nickel and Cobalt Intensified Peroxidase- Antiperoxidase For Verification of Reaction Sites

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 468-469
Author(s):  
A. Angel ◽  
K. Miller ◽  
V. Seybold ◽  
R. Kriebel
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Insoluble Polymer ◽  
Cytochemical Reaction

Localization of specific substances at the ultrastructural level is dependent on the introduction of chemicals which will complex and impart an electron density at specific reaction sites. Peroxidase-antiperoxidase(PAP) methods have been successfully applied at the electron microscopic level. The PAP complex is localized by addition of its substrate, hydrogen peroxide and an electron donor, usually diaminobenzidine(DAB). On oxidation, DAB forms an insoluble polymer which is able to chelate with osmium tetroxide becoming electron dense. Since verification of reactivity is visual, discrimination of reaction product from osmiophillic structures may be difficult. Recently, x-ray microanalysis has been applied to examine cytochemical reaction precipitates, their distribution in tissues, and to study cytochemical reaction mechanisms. For example, immunoreactive sites labelled with gold have been ascertained by means of x-ray microanalysis.

Factors in Photographic Emulsions for Low Dose Electron Crystallography

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 230-231
Author(s):  
T.W. Jeng ◽  
W. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Signal Contrast ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Photographic Emulsions

With the advances in preparing biological materials in a thin and highly ordered form, and in maintaining them hydrated under vacuum, electron crystallography has become an important tool for biological structure investigation at high resolution (1,2). However, the electron radiation damage would limit the capability of recording reflections with low intensities in an electron diffraction pattern. It has been demonstrated that the use of a low temperature stage can reduce the radiation damage effect and that one can expose the specimen with a higher dose in order to increase the signal contrast (3). A further improvement can be made by selecting a proper photographic emulsion. The primary factors in evaluating the suitability of photographic emulsion for recording low dose diffraction patterns are speed, fog level, electron response at low electron exposure, linearity, and usable range of exposure. We have compared these factors with three photographic emulsions including Kodak electron microscopic plate (EMP), Industrex AA x-ray film (AA x-ray) and Kodak nuclear track film (NTB3).

PENGGUNAAN TiO2 PARTIKEL NANO HASIL SINTESIS BERBASIS AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODA SOL-GEL PADA BAHAN KAPAS SEBAGAI APLIKASI UNTUK TEKSTIL ANTI UV

Arena Tekstil ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Bambang Sunendar
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron

Partikel nano TiO2 berbasis air dengan pH basa telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dan diimobilisasi pada kain kapas dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai zat pengikat silang. Sintesis dilakukan  dengan prekursor TiCl4 pada konsentrasi 0,3 M, 0,5 M dan 1 M, dan menggunakan templat kanji dengan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 500˚C selama 2 jam. Partikel nano TiO2 diaplikasikan ke kain kapas dengan metoda pad-dry-cure dan menggunakan kitosan sebagai crosslinking agent. Berdasarkan hasil Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),diketahui bahwa morfologi partikel TiO2 berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran nano (kurang dari 100 nm). Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya tiga tipe struktur kristal utama, yaitu (100), (101) dan (102) dengan fasa kristal yang terbentuk adalah anatase dan rutile. Pada karakterisasi menggunakan SEM terhadap serbuk dari TiO2 yang telah diaplikasikan ke permukaan kain kapas, terlihat adanya imobilisasi partikel nano TiO2 melalui ikatan hidrogen silang dengan kitosan pada kain kapas. Hasil analisa tersebut kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) yang hasilnya memperlihatkan puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3495 cm-1, 2546 cm-1, dan 511 cm-1,  yang masing-masing diasumsikan sebagai adanya vibrasi gugus fungsi O-H, N-H dan Ti-O-Ti. Hasil SEM menunjukkan pula bahwa kristal nano yang terbentuk diantaranya adalah fasa rutile , yang berdasarkan literatur terbukti dapatberfungsi sebagai anti UV.

Infra-Red Reflectance Microscopy (IRRM) for Daisy Chain Flip Chip Device Failure Analysis

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Grilletto ◽  
Steve Hsiung ◽  
Andrew Komrowski ◽  
John Soopikian ◽  
Daniel J.D. Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Simple Metal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Reflectance Microscopy ◽  
Ir Emission

Abstract This paper describes a method to "non-destructively" inspect the bump side of an assembled flip-chip test die. The method is used in conjunction with a simple metal-connecting "modified daisy chain" die and makes use of the fact that polished silicon is transparent to infra-red (IR) light. The paper describes the technique, scope of detection and examples of failure mechanisms successfully identified. It includes an example of a shorting anomaly that was not detectable with the state of the art X-ray equipment, but was detected by an IR emission microscope. The anomalies, in many cases, have shown to be the cause of failure. Once this has been accomplished, then a reasonable deprocessing plan can be instituted to proceed with the failure analysis.

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