scholarly journals Erythrocyte Volume, Plasma Volume, and Lean Body Mass in Adult Men and Women

Blood ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN A. RETZLAFF ◽  
W. NEWLON TAUXE ◽  
JOSEPH M. KIELY ◽  
CHARLES F. STROEBEL
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Surface Area Ratio ◽  
Erythrocyte Volume ◽  
Normal Males

Abstract Erythrocyte volume, plasma volume, hematocrit, lean body mass (from total body water), skinfold thickness (at three sites), arm circumference, height, and weight were measured in 40 normal males, 38 normal females, and 12 obese females. From these data on the normal subjects, equations for estimating erythrocyte and plasma volumes were derived. Equations utilizing combined height-weight, surface area, height-weight-skinfold thickness, or lean body mass were found to be the most accurate for predicting erythrocyte and plasma volumes in normal and in obese subjects. The body:venous hematocrit ratio (BH:VH) and the variability of this ratio in our subjects were determined and discussed. Errors in indirect estimates of blood volumes based on this ratio are presented. Erythrocyte and plasma volume standards based on height-weight regression equations or surface area ratio equation are suggested for use in clinical laboratories. Tables and a nomogram based on these equations have been prepared and are available on request.

Lean Body Mass Is Better Than Body Surface Area in Correcting GFR

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. e210-e215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Si ◽  
Zhili Lei ◽  
Sijin Li ◽  
Jianzhong Liu ◽  
Jianhua Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Better Than

scholarly journals Lean body mass is the strongest anthropometric predictor of left ventricular mass in the obese paediatric population

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-481
Author(s):  
James R. Shea ◽  
Melissa H. Henshaw ◽  
Janet Carter ◽  
Shahryar M. Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Ventricular Mass

AbstractBackground:Indexing left ventricular mass to body surface area or height2.7 leads to inaccuracies in diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy in obese children. Lean body mass predictive equations provide the opportunity to determine the utility of lean body mass in indexing left ventricular mass. Our objectives were to compare the diagnostic accuracy of predicted lean body mass, body surface area, and height in detecting abnormal left ventricle mass in obese children.Methods:Obese non-hypertensive patients aged 4–21 years were recruited prospectively. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure lean body mass. Height, weight, sex, race, and body mass index z-score were used to calculate predicted lean body mass.Results:We enrolled 328 patients. Average age was 12.6 ± 3.8 years. Measured lean body mass had the strongest relationship with left ventricular mass (R2 = 0.84, p < 0.01) compared to predicted lean body mass (R2 = 0.82, p < 0.01), body surface area (R2 = 0.80, p < 0.01), and height2.7 (R2 = 0.65, p < 0.01). Of the clinically derived variables, predicted lean body mass was the only measure to have an independent association with left ventricular mass (β = 0.90, p < 0.01). Predicted lean body mass was the most accurate scaling variable in detecting left ventricular hypertrophy (positive predictive value = 88%, negative predictive value = 99%).Conclusions:Lean body mass is the strongest predictor of left ventricular mass in obese children. Predicted lean body mass is the most accurate anthropometric scaling variable for left ventricular mass in left ventricular hypertrophy detection. Predicted lean body mass should be considered for clinical use as the body size correcting variable for left ventricular mass in obese children.

Is body surface area still the best way to determine pump flow rate during cardiopulmonary bypass?

Perfusion ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Peter Alston ◽  
Anna Anderson ◽  
Keith Sanger
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Pump Flow ◽  
Pump Flow Rate ◽  
Mixed Venous

For over four decades, pump flow rate during cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) has been estimated using body surface area (BSA). As patients presenting for heart surgery are increasingly obese, this approach may no longer be appropriate and other estimates of systemic metabolism should be used, such as body mass index and lean body mass. Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) is a robust and independent estimate of the global efficacy of CPB. The aim of this study was to determine which factors, including body surface area, body mass index and lean body mass, best predict SvO2 during CPB. Forty-eight patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery requiring CPB were studied. Patients’ height, weight and skinfold thickness at four sites (biceps, triceps, subscapularis and suprailiac) were measured. Body surface area, lean body mass and body mass index were then calculated. Pump flow rate was maintained at 2.4 L/min/m2 during CPB as per standard unit protocol. Arterial and mixed venous blood samples were taken during the cooling, stable hypothermia and rewarming phases of CPB. Nasopharyngeal temperatures and flow rates were recorded contemporaneously. The blood samples were analysed for oxygen saturation, haemoglobin concentration and partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The values of the three time points were meaned. All potential predictor variables were then univariately correlated with mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2). Those correlating significantly ( p < 0.1) were entered into a multivariate linear regression model. Nasopharyngeal temperature (β=0.615, p < 0.001) and lean body mass (β=0.256, p < 0.028) were the only significant predictors of SvO2 ( r2= 0.433, p < 0.001). Pump flow rates maintained at 2.4 L/min/m2 throughout CPB results in relative over-perfusion during hypothermia. Lean body mass may be a more sensitive estimate of systemic metabolism and, therefore, may provide a more accurate means of determining pump flow rate than body surface area in patients undergoing heart surgery.

Effect of short-term fasting on lipolytic responsiveness in normal and obese human subjects

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (2) ◽  
pp. E189-E196 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Wolfe ◽  
E. J. Peters ◽  
S. Klein ◽  
O. B. Holland ◽  
J. Rosenblatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Epinephrine Infusion ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Obese Human

In this study the rate of lipolysis (fatty acid and glycerol release into blood) has been quantified in both normal weight and obese volunteers after both 15 and 87 h of fasting. In each study, the basal rate and subsequent response to epinephrine infusion (0.015 microgram X kg-1 X min-1) were determined. The rate of appearance (Ra) of free fatty acids (FFA) and glycerol were quantified by infusion of [1-13C]palmitate and D-5-glycerol, respectively. Substrate flux rates per unit of body fat mass and lean body mass were calculated from total body water measurements using H2(18)O dilution. In normal volunteers, the basal Ra FFA and Ra glycerol rose markedly with 87 h of fasting, whereas the increases were more modest in the obese subjects. However, the rate of mobilization of fat, in relation to the lean body mass, was higher in the obese subjects than in the normal subjects after 15 h of fasting, and the values were similar in both groups after 87 h of fasting. There was an increased lipolytic response to epinephrine after fasting in both groups. This increased sensitivity may have resulted from the enhancement of fatty acid-triglyceride substrate cycling that occurred after fasting.

scholarly journals Energy expenditure of soldiers in a warm humid climate

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
M. F. Haisman
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Uneven Terrain ◽  
Gross Energy

1. Energy expenditure determinations have been made on thirty-two soldiers newly arrived in the warm humid climate of southern Malaya. Ergometer cycling was investigated as well as everyday activities such as lying, sitting, riding in a trunck, abultions, buildings a jungle camp and walking with loads over four different routes.2. The inter-individual variation in the gross energy expenditure (kcal/min and kJ/min) of each activity has been compared with the variation in energy expenditure standardized for body-weight, surface area and lean body mass. Standardization for body size did not consistently or effectively reduce the coefficients of variation of energy expenditure.3. The gross energy expenditure of most activities was significantly correlated with bodyweight, surface area or lean body mass but the correlation coefficients were not of a high order, suggesting that less than 41% of the inter-individual variation in energy expenditure was accounted for by variation in body size.4. The energy expenditure of walking at various speeds over both firm and uneven terrain was related to the square of the walking speed and the total weight of the man and his equipment (correlation coefficients 0.89–0.92, P < 0.001).

Lean body mass, body surface area and epirubicin kinetics

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C Cosolo ◽  
Denis J Morgan ◽  
Ego Seeman ◽  
Allan S Zimet ◽  
Joe J McKendrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface
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