Neonatal metabolome of cesarean section and risk of childhood asthma

BackgroundBirth by cesarean section (CS) is linked to an increased risk of developing asthma, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear.ObjectiveTo elucidate the link between birth by CS and asthma using newborn metabolomic profiles and integrating early life gut microbiome data and cord blood immunology.MethodsWe investigated the influence of CS on liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomic profiles of dried blood spots from newborns of the two independent Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood cohorts, i.e. COPSAC2010 (n=677) and COPSAC2000 (n=387). We assessed the associations between the CS metabolic profile, age one-week gut microbiome data and frequency of cord blood Tregs.ResultsIn COPSAC2010, a partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model showed that children born by CS versus natural delivery had different metabolic profiles (AUC=0.77, p=2.2e-16), which was replicated in COPSAC2000 (AUC=0.66, p=1.2e-5). The metabolic profile of CS was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma at school-age in both COPSAC2010 (p=0.03) and COPSAC2000 (p=0.005). CS was associated with lower abundance of tryptophan, bile acid and phenylalanine metabolites, indicative of a perturbed gut microbiota. Further, gut bacteria dominating after natural delivery, i.e. Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides were correlated with CS-discriminative microbial metabolites, suggesting maternal microbial transmission during birth regulating the newborn's metabolism. Finally, the CS metabolic profile was associated with frequency of cord blood Tregs.ConclusionsThese findings propose that CS is programming the risk of childhood asthma through perturbed immune responses and gut microbial colonization patterns reflected in the blood metabolome at birth.

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Relationship Between Amniotic Fluid Metabolic Profile With Fetal Gender, Maternal Age, and Gestational Age

10.21203/rs.3.rs-439300/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yahong Li ◽

Yun Sun ◽

Xiaojuan Zhang ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Peiying Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Metabolic Profiles ◽

Discrimination Analysis ◽

Fetal Gender

Abstract Background Amniotic fluid (AF) provides vital information on fetal development, which is also valuable in identifying fetal abnormalities during pregnancy. However, the relationship between the metabolic profile of AF in the second trimester of a normal pregnancy with several maternal-fetal parameters remains poorly understood, which therefore limits its application in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the metabolic profile of AF with fetal gender, maternal age, and gestational age using an untargeted metabolomics method. Methods A total of 114 AF samples of normal pregnancy were selected. Clinical data on fetal gender, maternal age, and gestational week of these samples were collected. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS). Principal component analysis(PCA), orthogonal partial least square discrimination analysis༈OPLS-DA༉or partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) were conducted to compare metabolic profiles, and differential metabolites were obtained by univariate analysis. Results Both PCA and OPLS-DA demonstrated no significant separation trend between the metabolic profiles of male and female fetuses, and there were only 7 differential metabolites. When the association between the maternal age on AF metabolic profile was explored, both PCA and PLS-DA revealed that the maternal age in the range of 21 to 40 years had no significant effect on the metabolic profile of AF, and only four different metabolites were found. There was no significant difference in the metabolic profiles of AF from fetuses of 17–22 weeks, and 23 differential metabolites were found. Conclusions In the scope of our study, there was no significant correlation between the AF metabolic profile and the fetal gender, maternal age and gestational age of a small range. Nevertheless, few metabolites appeared differentially expressed.

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The Dynamic Computer Workstation—A Pilot Study of Clinical and Biochemical Investigation during Work at Static Respectively Mobile Keyboards

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041493 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1493

Author(s):

Bijar Ghafouri ◽

Karin Wåhlén ◽

Ulrika Wentzel-Olausson ◽

Staffan Smeds

Keyword(s):

Univariate Analysis ◽

Pressure Pain Threshold ◽

Trapezius Muscle ◽

Work Force ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Shoulder Muscles ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Before And After ◽

Shoulder Strength

A large and increasing number of the work force in the population spend their work hours at the keyboard. There is evidence that repetitive high levels of static work, or extreme working postures involving the neck–shoulder muscles are an increased risk for chronic neck–shoulder pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dynamic computer working (DCW), using a mobile application to the desk surface, on pain characteristics and biomarkers in office workers. We included 10 female subjects. All subjects answered questionnaires about general health, pain intensity and characteristics. The pressure pain threshold (PPT), neck range and motion, neck and shoulder strength were measured. Microdialysis was conducted in trapezius muscle. Measurements were performed before and 4 weeks after DCW. Multivariate analysis, orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) and univariate analysis paired test, Wilcoxon, was performed. There was significant improvement in reported neck pain, quality of life, and psychological distress after 4 weeks DCW. The PPT and strength in neck and shoulder were significantly increased after DCW. A significant OPLS-DA model showed clear separation between the samples collected before and after 4 weeks DCW. In conclusion, these results show that keyboard work at a movable desk application might decrease the risk of repetitive strain injuries in the neck and shoulder muscles.

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Changes in the Salivary Metabolic Profile of Generalized Periodontitis Patients after Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy. A Metabolomic Analysis Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

10.20944/preprints202010.0640.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Filippo Citterio ◽

Federica Romano ◽

Gaia Meoni ◽

Giovanni Iaderosa ◽

Silvia Grossi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Metabolomic Profile ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

Pattern analysis of salivary metabolic profile has been proven accurate to discriminate generalized periodontitis (GP) patients from healthy individuals (HI) as disease modifies the salivary concentrations of specific metabolites. Due to the scarcity of data in the literature, the aim of this study was to determine whether non-surgical periodontal therapy (NST) could change salivary metabolomic profile in GP to one more similar to HI. Unstimulated whole saliva of 11 HI and 12 GP patients were obtained prior to and 3 months after NST. Metabolic profiling was performed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, followed by supervised multivariate statistical approach on entire saliva spectra and partial least square (PLS) discriminant analysis. In GP group, periodontal treatment improved all clinical parameters, but not all the diseased sites were eradicated. PLS revealed an accuracy of 100% in discriminating the metabolomic profile of each GP patient before and after NST. OPLS was able to discriminate the 3 groups of subjects with an accuracy of 85.6%. However the post-NST metabolic profile of GP patients could not be completely assimilated to that of HS. Although NST may produce significant changes in the metabolic profile, GP patients maintained a distinctive fingerprint compared to HI.

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Cord Metabolic Profiles in Obese Pregnant Women: Insights Into Offspring Growth and Body Composition

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2017-00876 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 346-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Nashita Patel ◽

Christian Hellmuth ◽

Olaf Uhl ◽

Keith Godfrey ◽

Annette Briley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

In Utero ◽

Obese Women ◽

Blood Concentrations ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Context Offspring exposed in utero to maternal obesity have an increased risk of later obesity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Objective To assess the effect of an antenatal lifestyle intervention in obese women on the offspring’s cord blood metabolic profile and to examine associations of the cord blood metabolic profile with maternal clinical characteristics and offspring anthropometry at birth and age 6 months. Design Randomized controlled trial and cohort study. Setting The UK Pregnancies Better Eating and Activity Trial. Participants Three hundred forty-four mother-offspring pairs. Intervention Antenatal behavioral lifestyle (diet and physical activity) intervention. Main Outcome Measures Targeted cord blood metabolic profile, including candidate hormone and metabolomic analyses. Results The lifestyle intervention was not associated with change in the cord blood metabolic profile. Higher maternal glycemia, specifically fasting glucose at 28 weeks gestation, had a linear association with higher cord blood concentrations of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) 16.1 (β = 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.03 to 0.10) and 18.1 (0.52; 0.02 to 0.80), independent of the lifestyle intervention. A principal component of cord blood phosphatidylcholines and LPCs was associated with infant z scores of birth weight (0.04; 0.02 to 0.07) and weight at age 6 months (0.05; 0.00 to 0.10). Cord blood insulin growth factor (IGF)-1 and adiponectin concentrations were positively associated with infant weight z score at birth and at 6 months. Conclusions Concentrations of LPCs and IGF-1 in cord blood are related to infant weight. These findings support the hypothesis that susceptibility to childhood obesity may be programmed in utero, but further investigation is required to establish whether these associations are causally related.

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Relationship between amniotic fluid metabolic profile with fetal gender, maternal age, and gestational week

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-04116-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yahong Li ◽

Yun Sun ◽

Xiaojuan Zhang ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Peiying Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Metabolic Profiles ◽

Discrimination Analysis ◽

Fetal Gender ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gestational Week

Abstract Background Amniotic fluid (AF) provides vital information on fetal development, which is also valuable in identifying fetal abnormalities during pregnancy. However, the relationship between the metabolic profile of AF in the second trimester of a normal pregnancy with several maternal–fetal parameters remains poorly understood, which therefore limits its application in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the metabolic profile of AF with fetal gender, maternal age, and gestational week using an untargeted metabolomics method. Methods A total of 114 AF samples were analyzed in this study. Clinical data on fetal gender, maternal age, and gestational week of these samples were collected. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS). Principal component analysis(PCA), orthogonal partial least square discrimination analysis(OPLS-DA) or partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) were conducted to compare metabolic profiles, and differential metabolites were obtained by univariate analysis. Results Both PCA and OPLS-DA demonstrated no significant separation trend between the metabolic profiles of male and female fetuses, and there were only 7 differential metabolites. When the association between the maternal age on AF metabolic profile was explored, both PCA and PLS-DA revealed that the maternal age in the range of 21 to 40 years had no significant effect on the metabolic profile of AF, and only four different metabolites were found. There was no significant difference in the metabolic profiles of AF from fetuses of 17–22 weeks, and 23 differential metabolites were found. Conclusions In the scope of our study, there was no significant correlation between the AF metabolic profile and the fetal gender, maternal age and gestational week of a small range. Nevertheless, few metabolites appeared differentially expressed.

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Changes in the Salivary Metabolic Profile of Generalized Periodontitis Patients after Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Metabolomic Analysis Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9123977 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 3977

Author(s):

Filippo Citterio ◽

Federica Romano ◽

Gaia Meoni ◽

Giovanni Iaderosa ◽

Silvia Grossi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Metabolic Profiles ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

Pattern analysis of the salivary metabolic profile has been proven accurate in discriminating between generalized periodontitis (GP) patients and healthy individuals (HI), as this disease modifies the salivary concentrations of specific metabolites. Due to the scarcity of data from previous studies, this study aimed to evaluate if non-surgical periodontal therapy (NST) could affect the metabolomic profile in GP patients’ saliva and if it compares to that of HI. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected from 11 HI and 12 GP patients before and 3 months after NST. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, followed by a supervised multivariate statistical approach on entire saliva spectra and partial least square (PLS) discriminant analysis, were performed to obtain metabolic profiles. In the GP group, periodontal treatment improved all clinical parameters, but not all the diseased sites were eradicated. PLS revealed an accuracy of 100% in distinguishing between metabolic profiles of GP patients before and after NST. Orthogonal projection to latent structure was able to discriminate between the three groups of subjects with an accuracy of 85.6%. However, the post-NST metabolic profile of GP patients could not be completely assimilated to that of HI. Although NST may produce significant changes in the metabolic profile, GP patients maintained a distinctive fingerprint compared to HI.

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Prenatal exposure to acid suppressant medications and risk of allergen sensitization

10.22541/au.163698493.36510586/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lacey B. Robinson ◽

Anna Arroyo ◽

Ruth J. Geller ◽

Ashley F. Sullivan ◽

Carlos Camargo Jr

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Prenatal Exposure ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Allergen Sensitization ◽

Environmental Allergen ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

In conclusion, in a cohort of children with a history of severe bronchiolitis those exposed to ASM prenatally are not at increased risk of developing food or environmental allergen sensitization by early childhood. The mechanism by which ASM exposure increases risk of childhood asthma remains unclear, but alterations in the gut microbiome merit consideration.

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Impact of TCF4 Repeat Number on Resolution of Corneal Edema after Descemet’s Stripping Only in Fuchs Dystrophy: A Pilot Study

Vision ◽

10.3390/vision5040047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Natasha Spiteri ◽

Nino Hirnschall ◽

Katherine van Bysterveldt ◽

Alec Lin Hou ◽

Gregory Moloney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sanger Sequencing ◽

Corneal Edema ◽

Corneal Dystrophy ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

Ctg Repeats ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Transcription Factor 4 ◽

Allele Repeat

Purpose: To investigate whether Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) genotype, specifically transcription factor 4 (TCF4) CTG triplet repeat “load” predicts time to clearance following Descemet’s Stripping Only (DSO). Methods: This prospective, interventional trial was conducted on consecutive FECD patients undergoing DSO. Genetic analysis using patients’ saliva was performed to assess the extent of CTG expansion using short tandem repeat analysis, corroborated gel electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing. Polymerase chain reaction and bidirectional Sanger sequencing was undertaken. Partial least square regression and logistic regression modelling was used to evaluate the predictive power of TCF4 repeats on corneal clearance. Results: Of 11 eyes of 11 patients, 8 showed complete corneal clearance. For these 8 patients, mean TCF4 allele repeat was 24.8 (SD: 23.7, range: 11–63) and 63.4 (SD: 30.3; range: 11–97), respectively. In total, 9/11 (81.8%) had expanded CTG repeats (>40) in one allele. In cases with an allele repeat ≥80, there was a significantly increased risk of corneal non-clearance (odds ratio 18.2, p = 0.009). Conclusion: Whilst it was not possible to predict time to corneal clearance based on CTG repeats, there is a significant correlation between allele repeats and achievement of corneal clearance.

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Delivery mode and gut microbial changes correlate with an increased risk of childhood asthma

Science Translational Medicine ◽

10.1126/scitranslmed.aax9929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (569) ◽

pp. eaax9929 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jakob Stokholm ◽

Jonathan Thorsen ◽

Martin J. Blaser ◽

Morten A. Rasmussen ◽

Mathis Hjelmsø ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Delivery Mode ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Cesarean Section Delivery ◽

Asthma Risk ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

There have been reports of associations between cesarean section delivery and the risk of childhood asthma, potentially mediated through changes in the gut microbiota. We followed 700 children in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood2010 (COPSAC2010) cohort prospectively from birth. We examined the effects of cesarean section delivery on gut microbial composition by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing during the first year of life. We then explored whether gut microbial perturbations due to delivery mode were associated with a risk of developing asthma in the first 6 years of life. Delivery by cesarean section was accompanied by marked changes in gut microbiota composition at one week and one month of age, but by one year of age only minor differences persisted compared to vaginal delivery. Increased asthma risk was found in children born by cesarean section only if their gut microbiota composition at 1 year of age still retained a cesarean section microbial signature, suggesting that appropriate maturation of the gut microbiota could mitigate against the increased asthma risk associated with gut microbial changes due to cesarean section delivery.

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MOTIVASI MEMEDIASI PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. TELKOM WITEL YOGYAKARTA

Kajian Bisnis STIE Widya Wiwaha ◽

10.32477/jkb.v28i1.378 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 71-88

Author(s):

Tyas Tunjung Sari ◽

Pandu Nuansa Luhur

Keyword(s):

Work Environment ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Employee Performance ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Primary Data ◽

Version 2.0 ◽

Analyze Data

This study aims to determine the motivation of work to mediate the effect of training and work environment on employee performance at PT. Telkom Witel Yogyakarta Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze 1) the effect of training on employee performance at PT. Telkom Witel Yogyakarta 2) the effect of training on employee performance through motivation at PT. Telkom Witel Yogyakarta 3) the influence of the work environment on employee performance at PT. Telkom Witel Yogyakarta 4) the influence of the work environment on employee performance through motivation at PT. Telkom Witel Yogyakarta. This study uses primary data through research on 62 respondents. Structural Equation is used to analyze data, using PLS (Partial Least Square) version 2.0. The results of this study indicate that there are 1) positive and significant influence of training on employee performance 2) positive and significant influence of work environment on employee performance 3) positive and significant effect of training on employee performance through motivation 4) positive and significant influence of work environment on employee performance through motivation.

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