scholarly journals Propensity score matching in estimating the effect of managerial education on academic planning behavior. Study design: a cross-sectional study

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huy V Nguyen ◽  
An TM Dao ◽  
Dzung V Do
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Planning ◽  
Behavior Study

scholarly journals Association between dementia parental family history and mid-life modifiable risk factors for dementia: a cross-sectional study using propensity score matching within the Lifelines cohort

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e049918
Author(s):  
Joyce Vrijsen ◽  
Ameen Abu-Hanna ◽  
Sophia E de Rooij ◽  
Nynke Smidt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Parental Family

ObjectiveIndividuals with a parental family history (PFH) of dementia have an increased risk to develop dementia, regardless of genetic risks. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between a PFH of dementia and currently known modifiable risk factors for dementia among middle-aged individuals using propensity score matching (PSM).DesignA cross-sectional study.Setting and participantsA subsample of Lifelines (35–65 years), a prospective population-based cohort study in the Netherlands was used.Outcome measuresFourteen modifiable risk factors for dementia and the overall Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) score, indicating someone’s potential for dementia risk reduction (DRR).ResultsThe study population included 89 869 participants of which 10 940 (12.2%) had a PFH of dementia (mean (SD) age=52.95 (7.2)) and 36 389 (40.5%) without a PFH of dementia (mean (SD) age=43.19 (5.5)). Of 42 540 participants (47.3%), PFH of dementia was imputed. After PSM, potential confounding variables were balanced between individuals with and without PFH of dementia. Individuals with a PFH of dementia had more often hypertension (OR=1.19; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.24), high cholesterol (OR=1.24; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.30), diabetes (OR=1.26; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.42), cardiovascular diseases (OR=1.49; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.88), depression (OR=1.23; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.41), obesity (OR=1.14; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.20) and overweight (OR=1.10; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.17), and were more often current smokers (OR=1.20; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.27) and ex-smokers (OR=1.21; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.27). However, they were less often low/moderate alcohol consumers (OR=0.87; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.91), excessive alcohol consumers (OR=0.93; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.98), socially inactive (OR=0.84; 95% CI 0.78 to 0.90) and physically inactive (OR=0.93; 95% CI 0.91 to 0.97). Having a PFH of dementia resulted in a higher LIBRA score (RC=0.15; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.19).ConclusionWe found that having a PFH of dementia was associated with several modifiable risk factors. This suggests that middle-aged individuals with a PFH of dementia are a group at risk and could benefit from DRR. Further research should explore their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards DRR, and whether they are willing to assess their risk and change their lifestyle to reduce dementia risk.

The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

scholarly journals Associations between exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and body fat evaluated by DXA and MRI in 109 adolescent boys

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Lolk Thomsen ◽  
Louise Scheutz Henriksen ◽  
Jeanette Tinggaard ◽  
Flemming Nielsen ◽  
Tina Kold Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Substances ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Background Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been associated with changes in body mass index and adiposity, but evidence is inconsistent as study design, population age, follow-up periods and exposure levels vary between studies. We investigated associations between PFAS exposure and body fat in a cross-sectional study of healthy boys. Methods In 109 boys (10–14 years old), magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were performed to evaluate abdominal, visceral fat, total body, android, gynoid, android/gynoid ratio, and total fat percentage standard deviation score. Serum was analysed for perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorodecanoic acid using liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Data were analysed by multivariate linear regression. Results Serum concentrations of PFASs were low. Generally, no clear associations between PFAS exposure and body fat measures were found; however, PFOS was negatively associated with abdominal fat (β = -0.18, P = 0.046), android fat (β = -0.34, P = 0.022), android/gynoid ratio (β = -0.21, P = 0.004), as well as total body fat (β = -0.21, P = 0.079) when adjusting for Tanner stage. Conclusions Overall, we found no consistent associations between PFAS exposure and body fat. This could be due to our cross-sectional study design. Furthermore, we assessed PFAS exposure in adolescence and not in utero, which is considered a more vulnerable time window of exposure.

The Relationship between Dental Findings and Tongue Pressure: A Survey of 745 Community-Dwelling Adults and Elderly Persons in Japan

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kensuke Tashiro ◽  
Sakiko Soutome ◽  
Madoka Funahara ◽  
Yumiko Kawashita ◽  
Masayasu Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Tongue Pressure ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Reduced tongue pressure is one of the causes of dysphagia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental findings and tongue pressure, and whether prosthetic treatment prevents reduced tongue pressure. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were 745 community-dwelling adults and elderly persons in the Goto Islands in Nagasaki, who underwent a health checkup for residents in 2015 and 2016. Data were collected on gender; age; grip strength; hemoglobin; Creatinine (Cr); glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); history of stroke; smoking, drinking, exercise, and walking habits; number of teeth; wearing of removable dentures; functional units of natural teeth (n-FTUs), fixed prostheses (nif-FTUs), and removable dentures (t-FTUs); and tongue pressure. The associations between each variable and tongue pressure were examined using multiple regression analysis. Next, those with 3 or fewer n-FTUs were selected, and differences in tongue pressure were compared between those with 3 or fewer nif-FTUs and those with 4 or more nif-FTUs, using a propensity score matching method. Results: Male gender, weak grip strength, low HbA1c, no drinking, and a low number of teeth were independent factors significantly associated with lower tongue pressure. Among participants with 3 or fewer n-FTUs, the 43 with 4 or more nif-FTUs showed significantly higher tongue pressure than the 43 with 3 or fewer nif-FTUs after propensity score matching, although the number of t-FTUs was not associated with tongue pressure. Discussion/Conclusion: Tooth loss was significantly associated with lower tongue pressure. It was suggested that fixed prosthesis treatment might prevent the reduction of tongue pressure, but removable dentures did not have such an effect.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Suppl-4) ◽  
pp. S828-32
Author(s):  
Sajid Khan ◽  
Abdul Hameed Siddiqui ◽  
Ariz Samin ◽  
Syed Hassan Mustafa ◽  
Akhtar Gul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Control And Prevention

Objective: To determine the frequency of acute kidney injury among patients undergoing coronary angiography. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from Jan 2018 to Jul 2018. Methodology: This study was conducted in the in the Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar from 22nd Jan 2018 to 22nd Jul 2018. Through a descriptive cross-sectional study design, a total of 116 patients scheduled for coronary angiography were included in the study in a consecutive manner and baseline / follow up serum creatinine was recorded to detect acute kidney injury. Results: In this study 116 patients were included, 61.2% males and 38.8% females. Mean age of the patients was 55.6 years with a standard deviation of 6.6 years. Mean baseline serum creatinine level was 0.9 ± 0.11mg/dl which was 1.5 ± 0.11 48 hours after coronary angiography (p 0.000). AKI was recorded in 19.8% of patients. Conclusion: Acute kidney injury after coronary angiography is not uncommon in our population. More studies are recommended on its risk factors and complications to draw future directions for its control and prevention.

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