Different extraction methods of biologically active components from propolis: a preliminary study

The chemical composition of volatile compounds from pericarp oils of Indian sandalwood, Santalum album L., isolated by hydrodistillation and solvent extraction, were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The pericarps yielded 2.6 and 5.0% volatile oil by hydrodistillation and n-hexane extraction, and they were colorless and yellow in color, respectively. A total of 66 volatile components were detected. The most prominent compounds were palmitic and oleic acids, representing about 40-70% of the total oil. Many fragrant constituents and biologically active components, such as α- and β-santalol, cedrol, esters, aldehydes, phytosterols, and squalene were present in the pericarp oils. This is the first report of the volatile composition of the pericarps of any Santalum species.

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Comparative Analysis of Far East Sikhotinsky Rhododendron (Rh. sichotense) and East Siberian Rhododendron (Rh. adamsii) Using Supercritical CO2-Extraction and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS Spectrometry

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25173774 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (17) ◽

pp. 3774

Author(s):

Mayya Razgonova ◽

Alexander Zakharenko ◽

Sezai Ercisli ◽

Vasily Grudev ◽

Kirill Golokhvast

Keyword(s):

Far East ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Supercritical Co2 Extraction ◽

Active Components ◽

Esi Ms ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Target Analytes ◽

Co2 Flow

Rhododendron sichotense Pojark. and Rhododendron adamsii Rheder have been actively used in ethnomedicine in Mongolia, China and Buryatia (Russia) for centuries, as an antioxidant, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, vitality-restoring agent. These plants contain various phenolic compounds and fatty acids with valuable biological activity. Among green and selective extraction methods, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction has been shown to be the method of choice for the recovery of these naturally occurring compounds. Operative parameters and working conditions have been optimized by experimenting with different pressures (300–400 bar), temperatures (50–60 °C) and CO2 flow rates (50 mL/min) with 1% ethanol as co-solvent. The extraction time varied from 60 to 70 min. A HPLC-UV-VIS-ESI-MS/MS technique was applied to detect target analytes. A total of 48 different biologically active components have been identified in the Rh. adamsii SC-CO2 extracts. A total of 31 different biologically active components have been identified in the Rh. sichotense SC-CO2 extracts.

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FRESHWATER SAPROPEL: BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPONENTS AND METHODS OF EXTRACTION

Proceedings of CBU in Natural Sciences and ICT ◽

10.12955/pns.v1.119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 37-46

Author(s):

Aneka Klavina ◽

Agris Auce ◽

Ilona Pavlovska ◽

Ivars Vanadzins

Keyword(s):

Quality Criteria ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Active Components ◽

Solid Liquid

Previously, sapropel has been commonly used in agriculture, cosmetology and medicine in its raw form and there has been no generally accepted method or standard for realizing sapropel extract. However, for sapropel usage in medicine, balneology and pharmacy, it is essential to develop quality criteria for raw sapropel and its extracts. This review aims at discussing and summing up different techniques for extracting bioactive compounds from sapropel as well as the possibilities of creating quality criteria. This paper covers existing analytical techniques and methodologies; currently, there are few extraction methods using several extractants for obtaining bioactive components from raw sapropel. Different freshwater sapropel types have been described and characterized. Bioactive components in sapropel have been identified and explained. Humic acids and fulvic acids have been identified as the main substances and their extraction methods have been listed. Solid-liquid, ultrasound assisted and supercritical fluid extraction methods have been pointed out as the most suitable. Additionally, analysis and storage conditions of the extracts have been discussed. There have been found to be no commonly accepted standard methods for sapropel extraction, or for the analysis and characterization of the sapropel extracts. For pharmacological applications, a common approach for the extraction process of active substances from sapropel and the analysis procedures of the extracts need to be established. This review will help equip other researchers with the latest information on this topic.

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PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF CHAGA BIRCH MUSHROOM COMPONENTS (INONOTUS OBLIQUUS)

Archiv Euromedica ◽

10.35630/2199-885x/2021/11/2/9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

Pavel Khoroshutin ◽

Galina Reva ◽

Tatsuo Yamamoto ◽

Ivan Reva

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽

Active Components ◽

Inonotus Obliquus ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Oncological Pathology

The study presents an analysis of the available scientific literature and outcomes of clinical trials on biologically active components of the birch Chaga mushroom Inonotus obliquus (I. obliquus). Our experimental and clinical studies were aimed at testing a novel plant-based substance for patients with cancer or tumors of various locations. The paper investigates pathogenetic mechanisms and effectiveness of chaga mushroom extracts depending on the topography of the tumor, the stage of the disease and the age of patients, as well as the questions of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the components of I. obliquus. As a result of the analysis of the obtained data, the pathogenetically justified clinical application of extracts of the birch chaga mushroom I. obliquus in patients with oncological pathology was conceptually presented. The study allowed us to reveal possible mechanisms of pathogenetic effects of the birch chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) extracts obtained by different extraction methods. Analysis of the available data enabled us to deepen our understanding of the effectiveness and mechanisms of the effect of the I. obliquus extracts on tumors of various localization. Finally we present recommendations on predicting the possibility of using the I. obliquus to improve outcomes in patients with cancer of various etiology and locations.

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EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPONENTS FROM FRESHWATER SAPROPEL

Environment Technology Resources Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference ◽

10.17770/etr2019vol3.4135 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aneka Klavina ◽

Agris Auce ◽

Ivars Vanadzins ◽

Alise Silova ◽

Linda Dobkevica

Keyword(s):

Quality Criteria ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Main Question ◽

Active Components ◽

Minimum Requirements

Sapropel has been used for different purposes - in agriculture as fertilizer, in construction as building material, in cosmetic products, in balneology also in medicine and pharmaceuticals as bioactive component. Previously sapropel has been commonly used in raw form and there is no general accepted method or standard method for obtaining sapropel extract. However, most extraction methods follow the same path. Currently, there are few extraction methods using several extractants for obtaining bioactive components from raw sapropel. The most commonly used extractant is alkaline solution. When sapropel is subjected to alkaline environment, the humic and fulvic acids, together with some lipids, vitamins and sugar, present in the raw sapropel become soluble, however other organic and mineral content present in the sapropel remain solid. Alkaline extraction is followed by filtration and water present in the aqueous mixture is evaporated off. Latvian freshwater sapropel can be used as raw material for obtaining sapropel extract and use it as remedy. But the main question for sapropel usage in medicine, balneology and pharmacy is to develop quality criteria for raw sapropel and its extracts. The quality criteria should include minimum requirements for biologically active substance concentration, pH values, antioxidants as well as physical characteristics. In future studies the differences in extract characteristics of the various deposit sites, as well as the stability of the extracts under different storage conditions should be defined; also, there is need for a common approach to develop method of extraction process for active substances from sapropel and analysis procedures of its extract.

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PRODUCTION OF BLENDED JUICE FROM PUMPKIN, QUINCE, PERSIMMON

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2018/2/59-62 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 59-62

Author(s):

I. A. Kyazimova ◽

А. А. Kasumova ◽

А. А. Nabiev

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Organic Acids ◽

New Technology ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Active Components ◽

Aliphatic Acids ◽

Free Glucose ◽

Dietary Value ◽

Quantitative Indicators

Production of plant products, including juices around the world increases continuously. In the fruit and vegetable juices contain a significant amount of monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), organic acids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, mineral substances and other biologically active components that determine the nutritional and dietary value. For the prevention of various diseases associated with impaired metabolic processes, we developed a new technology of preparation of food by blending juice of pumpkin, quince and persimmon. Thus prepared organic blended juice contains a substantial amount of free glucose and fructose, different phenolic compounds, a sufficient amount of organic acids, mineral elements, including iodine and other components that determine its nutritional and biological value. In prepared juices were evaluated the quantitative indicators of β-carotene, vitamin C, glucose and fructose, sucrose, starch, pectin substances. Also in the atomic absorbtion spectrometer Analyst 400 (PerkinElmer, USA) was analyzed content of the organic acids and phenolic compounds. Prepared juices were tested in accordance with 10 point scoring scale. It is established that all juices contain a sufficient amount of the minerals. In pumpkin and quince juices not contain iodine while it presents in sufficient amount in persimmon juice that’s why in the blended juice mineral in addition to mineral elements iodine are contained. In pumpkin and persimmon aliphatic acids are contained in small amount. For this reason during the blending process was used quince juice which is rich in aliphatic acids. The blended juice is light straw color, with delicious flavor, a slight astringent property and a balanced taste.

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Hepatoprotective Effect of Mixture of Dipropyl Polysulfides in Concanavalin A-Induced Hepatitis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13031022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1022

Author(s):

Dragana Arsenijevic ◽

Bojana Stojanovic ◽

Jelena Milovanovic ◽

Aleksandar Arsenijevic ◽

Milos Simic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Concanavalin A ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

T Regulatory Cells ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Organosulfur Compounds ◽

Liver Inflammation ◽

Regulatory Cells ◽

Active Components

The main biologically active components of plants belonging to the genus Allium, responsible for their biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory, are organosulfur compounds. The aim of this study was to synthetize the mixture of dipropyl polysulfides (DPPS) and to test their biological activity in acute hepatitis. C57BL/6 mice were administered orally with DPPS 6 h before intravenous injection of Concanavalin A (ConA). Liver inflammation, necrosis and hepatocytes apoptosis were determined by histological analyses. Cytokines in liver tissue were determined by ELISA, expression of adhesive molecules and enzymes by RT PCR, while liver mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. DPPS pretreatment significantly attenuated liver inflammation and injury, as evidenced by biochemical and histopathological observations. In DPPS-pretreated mice, messenger RNA levels of adhesion molecules and NADPH oxidase complex were significantly reduced, while the expression of SOD enzymes was enhanced. DPPS pretreatment decreased protein level of inflammatory cytokines and increased percentage of T regulatory cells in the livers of ConA mice. DPPS showed hepatoprotective effects in ConA-induced hepatitis, characterized by attenuation of inflammation and affection of Th17/Treg balance in favor of T regulatory cells and implicating potential therapeutic usage of DPPS mixture in inflammatory liver diseases.

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Biologically active components from mycobacterial cell walls

Cellular Immunology ◽

10.1016/0008-8749(75)90181-1 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 11-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Thomas J. Meyer ◽

Edgar Ribi ◽

Ichiro Azuma

Keyword(s):

Cell Walls ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Active Components ◽

Mycobacterial Cell

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Purification and characterization of tuberculin-active components from BCG

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m75-290 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 21 (12) ◽

pp. 2019-2027

Author(s):

M. Laguerre ◽

R. Turcotte

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Polyacrylamide Gels ◽

Active Components ◽

Purification And Characterization ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Antigenic Activity

The tuberculin activity of protoplasmic extracts isolated from living BCG was purified successively by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and G-75, and by electrophoresis on 7.5% and on gradient (6–18%) polyacrylamide gels. The tuberculin-active fractions, as determined in BCG-sensitized guinea pigs, were used as the starting material for each of the following fractionation steps.The physicochemical properties and the antigenic activity of the biologically active fractions have shown that a single component, or only a few ones with similar properties, possessed high tuberculin activity. These active components were proteins having relatively high molecular weights (about 72 000) and could behave as antigens.

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EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERGLYCAEMIC EFFECT OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA LEAF EXTRACT ON ADRENALIN INDUCED AND HIGH GLUCOSE FEED ANIMAL MODEL

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.21501 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 301

Author(s):

Biswaranjan Ray ◽

Santosh Kumar Mahapatra ◽

Pradipta Kumar Behera ◽

Ashok K Panigrahi

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

High Glucose ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Active Components ◽

Butea Monosperma

Objective: As per the ethnopharmacological information has Butea monosperma been used to treat diabetes mellitus by the tribal people of tropical and subtropical areas. However, there is no much more scientific report available about the antidiabetic property of the leaves of the plant. Hence, the study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of B. monosperma on blood levels of adrenaline-induced and glucose feed diabetic rabbits.Methods: The three different doses of the extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were administered orally to an experimental animal. The animals were induced diabetics by adrenaline and high glucose diet. Blood glucose level was measured accordingly. For antidiabetic activity, photocolorimeter was used to monitoring the blood glucose level with crest kit box (GOP-POD method).Results: The extracts showed considerable dose-dependent activity. However, the dose 400 mg/kg showed considerable lower of blood glucose level. p<0.01 indicates the significance result. 8 hrs reading 182.5±3.83 for 400 mg does is most effective for reducing blood sugar.Conclusion: The study indicates that the ethanolic extract of B. monosperma leaves possesses antidiabetic properties which suggest the presence of biologically active components.

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