scholarly journals The effects of modified alternate-day fasting diet on weight loss and CAD risk factors in overweight and obese women

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Eshghinia ◽  
Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Alternate Day Fasting ◽  
Cad Risk

scholarly journals Prevalence of and risk factors for binge eating behaviour in 6930 adults starting a weight loss or maintenance programme

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Bertoli ◽  
Alessandro Leone ◽  
Veronica Ponissi ◽  
Giorgio Bedogni ◽  
Valentina Beggio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Maintenance Programme

AbstractObjectiveConflicting data are available on the prevalence of binge eating behaviour (BE) in individuals seeking to lose or maintain weight. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and the risk factors for BE in a large sample of men and women starting a weight loss or maintenance programme.DesignCross-sectional study. BE was defined as a Binge Eating Scale (BES) score ≥18. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Italian Depression Questionnaire were used to assess anxiety and depression. Besides sex, age and BMI, marital status, educational level, smoking and physical activity were evaluated as potential risk factors for BE. Uni- and multivariable Poisson working regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and marginal probabilities.SettingNutritional research centre.SubjectsAdults (n 6930; 72 % women) with a median age of 46 years (range 18–81 years) were consecutively studied.ResultsBE prevalence in the pooled sample was 17 %. At multivariable analysis, being a woman (PR=2·70), smoking (PR=1·15) and increasing BMI (PR=1·05 for 1 kg/m2 increase) were risk factors for BE. On the contrary, being older (PR=0·99 for 1-year increase), performing physical activity (PR=0·89) and being married (PR=0·88) were protective factors for BE. Anxiety and depression were more common in subjects with BE.ConclusionsBE is common in individuals seeking to lose or maintain weight. The prevalence of BE is higher in young obese women. However, BE is present also in men, elders and normal-weight subjects.

scholarly journals Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet and Exercise: Effect of a 10-Week Intervention on Body Composition and CVD Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Women—A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Thorhildur Ditta Valsdottir ◽  
Bente Øvrebø ◽  
Thea Martine Falck ◽  
Sigbjørn Litleskare ◽  
Egil Ivar Johansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

We assessed the effect of weight-loss induced with a low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet with and without exercise, on body-composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 57 overweight and obese women (age 40 ± 3.5 years, body mass index 31.1 ± 2.6 kg∙m−2) completed a 10-week intervention using a low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet, with or without interval exercise. An equal deficit of 700 kcal∙day−1 was prescribed, restricting diet only, or moderately restricting diet and adding exercise, producing four groups; normal diet (NORM); low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet (LCHF); normal diet and exercise (NORM-EX); and low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet and exercise (LCHF-EX). Linear Mixed Models were used to assess between-group differences. The intervention resulted in an average 6.7 ± 2.5% weight-loss (p < 0.001). Post-intervention % fat was lower in NORM-EX than NORM (40.0 ± 4.2 vs. 43.5 ± 3.5%, p = 0.024). NORM-EX reached lower values in total cholesterol than NORM (3.9 ± 0.6 vs. 4.7 ± 0.7 mmol/L, p = 0.003), and LCHF-EX (3.9 ± 0.6 vs. 4.9 ± 1.1 mmol/L, p = 0.004). Post intervention triglycerides levels were lower in NORM-EX than NORM (0.87 ± 0.21 vs. 1.11 ± 0.34 mmol/L, p = 0.030). The low-carbohydrate-high-fat diet had no superior effect on body composition, V˙O2peak or cardiovascular risk factors compared to a normal diet, with or without exercise. In conclusion, the intervention decreased fat mass, but exercise improved body composition and caused the most favorable changes in total cholesterol and triglycerides in the NORM-EX. Exercise increased cardiorespiratory fitness, regardless of diet.

scholarly journals Effect of a High Protein Weight Loss Diet on Weight, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, and Cardiovascular Risk among Overweight and Obese Women: A Parallel Clinical Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Vajihe Izadi ◽  
Pamela J. Surkan ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Hs Crp

Studies regarding the effects of high protein (HP) diets on cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors have reported contradictory results. We aimed to determine the effects of an HP diet on CVD risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) among overweight and obese women. In this randomized controlled trial, we recruited 60 overweight and obese women, aged 20–65, into an HP or energy-restricted control diet for three months (protein, carbohydrate, and fat: 25%, 45%, and 30% versus 15%, 55%, and 30%, resp.). Total protein was divided between animal and plant sources in a 1 : 1 ratio, and animal sources were distributed equally between meats and dairy products. Fasting blood samples, hs-CRP, lipid profile, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements were assessed using standard guidelines. Percent change was significantly different between the two diet groups for weight (standard protein (SP): −3.90 ± 0.26 versus HP: −6.10 ± 0.34%; , resp.) and waist circumference (SP: −3.03 ± 0.21 versus HP: −5.06 ± 0.28%; , resp.). Percent change of fasting blood glucose (FBG) substantially decreased in the control group compared to the HP group (−9.13 ± 0.67 versus −4.93 ± 1.4%;P= 0.01, resp.). Total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased both in the HP and in the control diet groups (P= 0.06,P= 0.07, andP= 0.09, resp.); however, the results were marginally significant. Serum levels of hs-CRP were reduced both in the control (−0.08 ± 0.11%,P= 0.06) and in the high protein groups (−0.04 ± 0.09%,P= 0.06). The energy-restricted HP diet resulted in more beneficial effects on weight loss and reduction of waist circumference. CVD risk factors may improve with HP diets among overweight and obese women. When using isoenergetic weight loss diets, total cholesterol, hs-CRP, and SBP were marginally significantly reduced, independent of dietary protein content. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.govNCT01763528.

scholarly journals Effect of the protein:carbohydrate ratio in hypoenergetic diets on metabolic syndrome risk factors in exercising overweight and obese women

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
pp. 1658-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn D. Campbell ◽  
Kelly A. Meckling
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Overweight and obesity are growing problems both in Canada and around the world. Obesity is associated with a number of chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes and CVD, which puts a tremendous burden on the health care systems in place. The present study sought to investigate whether there were differences in the effectiveness of three low-fat, hypo- and isoenergetic diets differing in protein:carbohydrate ratio, low protein (LP, 1 g protein:4 g carbohydrate), normal protein (NP, 1 g protein:2 g carbohydrate) or high protein (HP, 1 g protein:1 g carbohydrate), on weight loss and markers of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in overweight women. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive one of three intervention diets, all of which included a 60 min exercise programme three times/week for 12 weeks. Of the total subjects, fifty-four overweight and obese local women with MetS risk factors completed the study. All groups had similar improvements in body weight, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, blood pressure and fitness. Subjects reported that the NP diet was easier to comply with and achieved better improvements in body fat, waist circumference and waist:hip ratio, and preservation of lean mass compared with the other two diets. In conclusion, energy restriction and exercise both facilitate weight loss in overweight and obese subjects and reduce symptoms of the MetS. A diet with a 1:2 protein:carbohydrate ratio promoted better improvements than either the LP or HP diets, and may be superior in reducing long-term chronic disease risk in this population.

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