Development and pyrosequencing analysis of an in-vitro oral biofilm model

We announce here a draft genome sequence ofVeillonella parvulastrain SHI-1, obtained from healthy human saliva, discovered to be active at low pH using metatranscriptomics within anin vitrooral biofilm model. The genome is composed of 7 contigs, for a total of 2,200,064 bp.

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Investigating Biases Associated with Dietary Starch Incorporation and Retention with an Oral Biofilm Model

10.1101/2021.10.27.466104 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bjørn Peare Bartholdy ◽

Amanda G Henry

Keyword(s):

Dietary Habits ◽

Growth Period ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Starch Granules ◽

Dental Calculus ◽

Oral Biofilm ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

Wide Range

Dental calculus has proven to contain a wealth of information on the dietary habits of past populations. These insights have, to a large extent, been obtained by the extraction and identification of starch granules contained within the mineralised dental plaque from a wide range of regions and time periods. The scope of previous studies have been limited to microfossil extraction and identification to reconstruct dietary preferences from the archaeological record, and few studies have attempted to address the biases of starch retention in dental calculus. Those that have considered this problem have been limited to in vivo studies on modern humans and non-human primates. Here, we present a multispecies oral biofilm model, which allows experimental research on starch incorporation and retention to be conducted on in vitro dental calculus in a controlled laboratory setting. The biofilms were exposed to treatment solutions with known quantities of dietary starches (wheat and potato) during the 25-day growth period. After this, the starch granules were extracted from the mature biofilm (by dissolution in EDTA), and counted. We show that the granule counts extracted from the model dental calculus represented a low proportion (ranging from 0.06% to 0.16%) of the total number of granules exposed to the biofilms throughout the experiment. Additionally, we found that the ratios of granule sizes from the extracted starch granules differed from the original treatment solutions, with large granules (>20 μm) consistently being under-represented. We also found a correlation between the absolute granule counts and dry-weight of the biofilm (r = 0.66, 90%CI[0.46,0.79]), as well as between the concentration (count per mg) of granules and dry-weight (r = 0.30, 90%CI[0.06,0.51]). Our results reinforce previous in vivo studies suggesting that dental calculus presents a very small, and partly biased picture of the original dietary intake of starches, with an over-representation of plants producing granules smaller than 20 μm in size. The experimental model presented here is well-suited to address the need for further validation of methods and biases associated with dietary research on dental calculus.

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An in vitro Oral Biofilm Model for Comparing the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Mouthrinses

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000057866 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 93-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

S. Shapiro ◽

E. Giertsen ◽

B. Guggenheim

Keyword(s):

Oral Biofilm ◽

Biofilm Model

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02 / Antimicrobial effects of pulsed electromagnetic field: in-vitro polymicrobial periodontal subgingival biofilm model

10.26226/morressier.5ac3832d2afeeb00097a3f13 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jamil A. Shibli

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field ◽

Antimicrobial Effects ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

Pulsed Electromagnetic

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In Vitro Anti-Biofilm and Antibacterial Properties of Streptococcus downii sp. nov.

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9020450 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 450

Author(s):

Maigualida Cuenca ◽

María Carmen Sánchez ◽

Pedro Diz ◽

Lucía Martínez-Lamas ◽

Maximiliano Álvarez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Oral Bacteria ◽

Periodontal Pathogens ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

Biofilm Development

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of Streptococcus downii sp. nov. To test anti-biofilm properties, Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella parvula, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were grown in a biofilm model in the presence or not of S. downii sp. nov. for up to 120 h. For the potential antibacterial activity, 24 h-biofilms were exposed to S. downii sp. nov for 24 and 48 h. Biofilms structures and bacterial viability were studied by microscopy, and the effect in bacterial load by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A generalized linear model was constructed, and results were considered as statistically significant at p < 0.05. The presence of S. downii sp. nov. during biofilm development did not affect the structure of the community, but an anti-biofilm effect against S. mutans was observed (p < 0.001, after 96 and 120 h). For antibacterial activity, after 24 h of exposure to S. downii sp. nov., counts of S. mutans (p = 0.019) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.020) were significantly reduced in well-structured biofilms. Although moderate, anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of S. downii sp. nov. against oral bacteria, including some periodontal pathogens, were demonstrated in an in vitro biofilm model.

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In VitroEfficacies and Resistance Profiles of Rifampin-Based Combination Regimens for Biofilm-Embedded Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01236-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 57 (11) ◽

pp. 5717-5720 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Hung-Jen Tang ◽

Chi-Chung Chen ◽

Kuo-Chen Cheng ◽

Kuan-Ying Wu ◽

Yi-Chung Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Fusidic Acid ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

Rifampin Resistance ◽

Combination Regimens ◽

Resistant Mutation

ABSTRACTTo compare thein vitroantibacterial efficacies and resistance profiles of rifampin-based combinations against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in a biofilm model, the antibacterial activities of vancomycin, teicoplanin, daptomycin, minocycline, linezolid, fusidic acid, fosfomycin, and tigecycline alone or in combination with rifampin against biofilm-embedded MRSA were measured. The rifampin-resistant mutation frequencies were evaluated. Of the rifampin-based combinations, rifampin enhances the antibacterial activities of and even synergizes with fusidic acid, tigecycline, and, to a lesser extent, linezolid, fosfomycin, and minocycline against biofilm-embedded MRSA. Such combinations with weaker rifampin resistance induction activities may provide a therapeutic advantage in MRSA biofilm-related infections.

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Relevance of Biofilm Models in Periodontal Research: From Static to Dynamic Systems

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9020428 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 428

Author(s):

María Carmen Sánchez ◽

Andrea Alonso-Español ◽

Honorato Ribeiro-Vidal ◽

Bettina Alonso ◽

David Herrera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research Group ◽

Surface Composition ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Biofilm Growth ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

Dental Implant Surface ◽

The Impact

Microbial biofilm modeling has improved in sophistication and scope, although only a limited number of standardized protocols are available. This review presents an example of a biofilm model, along with its evolution and application in studying periodontal and peri-implant diseases. In 2011, the ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) research group at the University Complutense of Madrid developed an in vitro biofilm static model using representative bacteria from the subgingival microbiota, demonstrating a pattern of bacterial colonization and maturation similar to in vivo subgingival biofilms. When the model and its methodology were standardized, the ETEP research group employed the validated in vitro biofilm model for testing in different applications. The evolution of this model is described in this manuscript, from the mere observation of biofilm growth and maturation on static models on hydroxyapatite or titanium discs, to the evaluation of the impact of dental implant surface composition and micro-structure using the dynamic biofilm model. This evolution was based on reproducing the ideal microenvironmental conditions for bacterial growth within a bioreactor and reaching the target surfaces using the fluid dynamics mimicking the salivary flow. The development of this relevant biofilm model has become a powerful tool to study the essential processes that regulate the formation and maturation of these important microbial communities, as well as their behavior when exposed to different antimicrobial compounds.

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MP57-20 EVALUATION OF GRAM POSITIVE AND GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN A NOVEL IN VITRO BIOFILM MODEL OF PENILE PROSTHESIS

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1097/ju.0000000000002087.20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 206 (Supplement 3) ◽

Author(s):

Manish Narasimman ◽

Gregory Plano ◽

Jesse Ory ◽

Sara Schesser Bartra ◽

Ranjith Ramasamy

Keyword(s):

Penile Prosthesis ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Biofilm Model

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Study on the Mechanism of Application of Eucalyptus Volatile oil in Prevention and Treatment of Burn Wound Infections in Vitro

10.21203/rs.3.rs-19542/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lei Yang ◽

Qing Huang ◽

Xingxin Gao ◽

Zhimin Lin ◽

Songlin Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Volatile Oil ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

Control Group ◽

Wound Infections ◽

Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽

Burn Wound ◽

Working Mechanism ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

Prevention And Treatment

Abstract Objective To investigate working mechanism of Eucalyptus volatile oil on the prevention and treatment of burn wound infections. Methods P.a biofilm model was used to investigate the effect of Eucalyptus volatile oil on bacterial biofilm. The expression of LasI mRNA in P.a was detected by RT-PCR. Results MIC test showed that the volatile oil of Eucalyptus Urophylla in a concentration of 20% or more could exert anti-bacterial effect. However, no zone of inhibition could be observed in the neither high nor low concentration of the Eucalyptus volatile oil. Scanning electron microscopy results showed a significant delay in volatile oil groups when compared with the control group. The expression of LasI mRNA in the volatile oil group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Conclusion As Chinese medicine, the volatile oil of Eucalyptus Urophylla can affect the proliferation of P.a and biofilm formation by interfering with the expression of LasI, thus achieving the purpose of preventing and treating infection of burn patients.

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Metabolic Modeling of Clostridium difficile Associated Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr7020097 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 97 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Poonam Phalak ◽

Michael Henson

Keyword(s):

Clostridium Difficile ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

E Coli ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

Commensal Species ◽

Species Abundances ◽

New Treatment ◽

Biofilm Development

Recent in vitro experiments have demonstrated the ability of the pathogen Clostridium difficile and commensal gut bacteria to form biofilms on surfaces, and biofilm development in vivo is likely. Various studies have reported that 3%–15% of healthy adults are asymptomatically colonized with C. difficile, with commensal species providing resistance against C. difficile pathogenic colonization. C. difficile infection (CDI) is observed at a higher rate in immunocompromised patients previously treated with broad spectrum antibiotics that disrupt the commensal microbiota and reduce competition for available nutrients, resulting in imbalance among commensal species and dysbiosis conducive to C. difficile propagation. To investigate the metabolic interactions of C. difficile with commensal species from the three dominant phyla in the human gut, we developed a multispecies biofilm model by combining genome-scale metabolic reconstructions of C. difficile, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron from the phylum Bacteroidetes, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii from the phylum Firmicutes, and Escherichia coli from the phylum Proteobacteria. The biofilm model was used to identify gut nutrient conditions that resulted in C. difficile-associated dysbiosis characterized by large increases in C. difficile and E. coli abundances and large decreases in F. prausnitzii abundance. We tuned the model to produce species abundances and short-chain fatty acid levels consistent with available data for healthy individuals. The model predicted that experimentally-observed host-microbiota perturbations resulting in decreased carbohydrate/increased amino acid levels and/or increased primary bile acid levels would induce large increases in C. difficile abundance and decreases in F. prausnitzii abundance. By adding the experimentally-observed perturbation of increased host nitrate secretion, the model also was able to predict increased E. coli abundance associated with C. difficile dysbiosis. In addition to rationalizing known connections between nutrient levels and disease progression, the model generated hypotheses for future testing and has the capability to support the development of new treatment strategies for C. difficile gut infections.

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