Fine mapping of the BnaC04.BIL1 gene controlling plant height in Brassica napus L

Abstract Background Plant height is an important architecture trait which is a fundamental yield-determining trait in crops. Variety with dwarf or semi-dwarf phenotype is a major objective in the breeding because dwarfing architecture can help to increase harvest index, increase planting density, enhance lodging resistance, and thus be suitable for mechanization harvest. Although some germplasm or genes associated with dwarfing plant type have been carried out. The molecular mechanisms underlying dwarfism in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) are poorly understood, restricting the progress of breeding dwarf varieties in this species. Here, we report a new dwarf mutant Bndwarf2 from our B. napus germplasm. We studied its inheritance and mapped the dwarf locus BnDWARF2. Results The inheritance analysis showed that the dwarfism phenotype was controlled by one semi-dominant gene, which was mapped in an interval of 787.88 kb on the C04 chromosome of B. napus by Illumina Brassica 60 K Bead Chip Array. To fine-map BnDWARF2, 318 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were designed to uniformly cover the mapping interval. Among them, 15 polymorphic primers that narrowed down the BnDWARF2 locus to 34.62 kb were detected using a F2:3 family population with 889 individuals. Protein sequence analysis showed that only BnaC04.BIL1 (BnaC04g41660D) had two amino acid residues substitutions (Thr187Ser and Gln399His) between ZS11 and Bndwarf2, which encoding a GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 (GSK3-like). The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the BnaC04.BIL1 gene expressed in all tissues of oilseed rape. Subcellular localization experiment showed that BnaC04.BIL1 was localized in the nucleus in tobacco leaf cells. Genetic transformation experiments confirmed that the BnaC04.BIL1 is responsible for the plant dwarf phenotype in the Bndwarf2 mutants. Overexpression of BnaC04.BIL1 reduced plant height, but also resulted in compact plant architecture. Conclusions A dominant dwarfing gene, BnaC04.BIL1, encodes an GSK3-like that negatively regulates plant height, was mapped and isolated. Our identification of a distinct gene locus may help to improve lodging resistance in oilseed rape.

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AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF TRIAZINE-RESISTANT SINGLE-CROSS HYBRID OILSEED RAPE (Brassica napus L.)

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps85-114 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 889-892 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

IAN GRANT ◽

WALLACE D. BEVERSDORF

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Plant Height ◽

Oilseed Rape ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Triazine Resistance ◽

Flowering Date ◽

Single Cross

The agronomic performance of eight triazine-resistant single-cross oilseed rape (B. napus L.) hybrids was evaluated. The yield of most of the hybrids was significantly greater than Atr-Regent; some of the hybirds demonstrated mid-parent heterosis, but none of the eight exhibited high-parent heterosis. In most cases the hybrids were intermediate to the parents for flowering date, plant height, lodging resistance, physiological maturity, percent oil and percent protein.Key words: Brassica napus L., oilseed rape, F1 hybrid, triazine resistance

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Heterosis and combining ability estimates in spring-planted oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g85-069 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 472-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

I. Grant ◽

W. D. Beversdorf

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Plant Height ◽

Oilseed Rape ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Seed Weight ◽

General Combining Ability ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

Percent Protein

A 6 × 6 diallel cross was conducted in spring-planted oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in 1983 at Elora and Dundalk, Ontario. The F1 hybrids exhibited positive heterosis for seed yield, of up to 72%, over the higher-yielding parent in the hybrid crosses. Heterosis for 1000 seed weight, percent oil, plant height, and lodging resistance was nonsignificant; negative heterosis for percent protein was observed with some hybrids. Generally, the hybrids were intermediate to the parents in flowering date and physiological maturity. Specific combining ability was more important than general combining ability for seed yield, percent oil, percent protein, plant height (Dundalk), and lodging resistance (Elora); specific combining ability was as important as general combining ability for 1000 seed weight, physiological maturity, plant height (Elora), and lodging resistance (Dundalk). The cultivars 'Topas' and 'Regent' were the best general combiners for seed yield. The best specific combinations for seed yield heterosis, 'Westar' × 'Hanna', 'Regent' × 'Liné', and 'Regent' × 'D-1', exhibited average high-parent heterosis values of 50, 38, and 30%, respectively. The results demonstrated that considerable potential exists for producing high-yielding single-cross hybrids of oilseed rape. Commercial exploitation of this heterosis will depend on the successful development of suitable pollination control mechanisms.Key words: Brassica napus, oilseed rape, F1 hybrid, heterosis, combining ability.

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A BIN2-like1 Protein Confers Dwarf by Interacting with BZR1 of Brassinosteroid Signaling in Allotetraploid Brassica Napus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-319767/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mao Yang ◽

Jianbo He ◽

Shubei Wan ◽

Weiyan Li ◽

Wenjing Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Height ◽

Plant Architecture ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Glycogen Synthase ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Dwarf Phenotype ◽

Brassinosteroid Signaling ◽

Successive Generations

Abstract Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid hormones that play essential roles in plant growth and development. In this study, we identified a new dwarf mutant in Brassica napus. By map-based cloning, BnaC04.BIL1 (BnaC04g41660D) gene, a BIN2-like1 (BIL1) encoding a GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 (GSK3-like) protein kinase, was isolated. To date, how BIL1 involves in BR signal transduction remains uncovered. Genetic transformation experiments confirmed that the BnaC04.BIL1 is responsible for the plant dwarf phenotype in the Bndwarf2 mutants. Overexpression of BnaC04.BIL1 not only reduced plant height, but also resulted in compact plant architecture. Using CRISPR/Cas9, two sgRNAs were designed to target BnaC04.BIL1 gene. The gene editing experiments generated mutations of BnaC04.BIL1 sequence, which were stably transmitted to successive generations, and lead to restoration of plant height and plant architecture. The molecular mechanism of Bndwarf2 dwarfing was further verified by Y2H and BiFC assays. Results shown that a Thr187Ser amino acid substitution residing in the conserved region promotes the interaction between BnaC04.BIL1Mut with BnaBZR1, thus enhances the negative regulation of plant growth. The genetic and molecular evidence clarifies first the BnaC04.BIL1 can sharply change plant architecture in natural plant accessions in allotetraploid, and provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of BR signaling.

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Effects of sulphur on the yield, yield component characters and oil content of oilseed rape

Journal of Agricultural Sciences Belgrade ◽

10.2298/jas2101017r ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 17-25

Author(s):

Valiollah Rameeh ◽

Maryam Niakan ◽

Mohammad Mohammadi

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Plant Height ◽

Oilseed Rape ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Oil Content ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Mean Value ◽

Yield Component ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Significant Statistical Difference

The effects of four sulphur levels: S0, S1, S2 and S3, including 0, 12, 24 and 36 kg S ha-1, respectively, along with 115 kg N ha-1 were studied on yield-related traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The significant variance of treatments was determined for plant height, yield component characters, seed yield and oil content. The sulphur application significantly increased most of the traits compared to the S0 level. The S3 (36 kg S ha-1) treatment led to the highest mean value of plant height (132 cm) which was classified with S2 (24 kg S ha-1) in the same statistical group. Sulphur had an increasing effect on pods per plant, and it ranged from 92 to 196 for S0 and S3 applications, respectively. S0 and S1 with 92 and 121 pods per plant were grouped in the same statistical group. In addition, S2, and S3 with 165 and 196 pods per plant showed no significant statistical difference. The sulphur application significantly increased seed yield compared to control (S0 level), and it ranged from 2744 to 3215 kg ha-1 in S0 and S3, respectively. The average oil contents of 45.69, 46.96, 47.46 and 49.53 % were detected for 0, 12, 24 and 36 kg S ha-1, respectively.

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Identification of Bna.IAA7.C05 as allelic gene for dwarf mutant generated from tissue culture in oilseed rape

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-019-2094-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hongtao Cheng ◽

Fenwei Jin ◽

Qamar U. Zaman ◽

Bingli Ding ◽

Mengyu Hao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Plant Height ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Dwarf Mutant ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Dwarf Phenotype ◽

Lodging Resistance

Abstract Background Plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits in many crops due to its influence on lodging resistance and yield performance. Although progress has been made in the use of dwarfing genes in crop improvement, identification of new dwarf germplasm is still of significant interest for breeding varieties with increased yield. Results Here we describe a dominant, dwarf mutant G7 of Brassica napus with down-curved leaves derived from tissue culture. To explore the genetic variation responsible for the dwarf phenotype, the mutant was crossed to a conventional line to develop a segregating F2 population. Bulks were formed from plants with either dwarf or conventional plant height and subjected to high throughput sequencing analysis via mutation mapping (MutMap). The dwarf mutation was mapped to a 0.6 Mb interval of B. napus chromosome C05. Candidate gene analysis revealed that one SNP causing an amino acid change in the domain II of Bna.IAA7.C05 may contribute to the dwarf phenotype. This is consistent with the phenotype of a gain-of-function indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) mutant in Bna.IAA7.C05 reported recently. GO and KEGG analysis of RNA-seq data revealed the down-regulation of auxin related genes, including many other IAA and small up regulated response (SAUR) genes, in the dwarf mutant. Conclusion Our studies characterize a new allele of Bna.IAA7.C05 responsible for the dwarf mutant generated from tissue culture. This may provide a valuable genetic resource for breeding for lodging resistance and compact plant stature in B. napus.

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OsbHLH073 Negatively Regulates Internode Elongation and Plant Height by Modulating GA Homeostasis in Rice

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9040547 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 547

Author(s):

Jinwon Lee ◽

Sunok Moon ◽

Seonghoe Jang ◽

Sichul Lee ◽

Gynheung An ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Internode Elongation ◽

Functional Identification ◽

Dwarf Phenotype ◽

Quantitative Expression ◽

Helix Loop Helix ◽

Transgenic Lines ◽

Two Hybrid

Internode elongation is one of the key agronomic traits determining a plant’s height and biomass. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling internode elongation is still limited in crop plant species. Here, we report the functional identification of an atypical basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor (OsbHLH073) through gain-of-function studies using overexpression (OsbHLH073-OX) and activation tagging (osbhlh073-D) lines of rice. The expression of OsbHLH073 was significantly increased in the osbhlh073-D line. The phenotype of osbhlh073-D showed semi-dwarfism due to deficient elongation of the first internode and poor panicle exsertion. Transgenic lines overexpressing OsbHLH073 confirmed the phenotype of the osbhlh073-D line. Exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment recovered the semi-dwarf phenotype of osbhlh073-D plants at the seedling stage. In addition, quantitative expression analysis of genes involving in GA biosynthetic and signaling pathway revealed that the transcripts of rice ent-kaurene oxidases 1 and 2 (OsKO1 and OsKO2) encoding the GA biosynthetic enzyme were significantly downregulated in osbhlh073-D and OsbHLH073-OX lines. Yeast two-hybrid and localization assays showed that the OsbHLH073 protein is a nuclear localized-transcriptional activator. We report that OsbHLH073 participates in regulating plant height, internode elongation, and panicle exsertion by regulating GA biosynthesis associated with the OsKO1 and OsKO2 genes.

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Rapid Identification of a Genomic Region Conferring Dwarfism in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) YA2016-12

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9030129 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Liang Chai ◽

Haojie Li ◽

Jinfang Zhang ◽

Lintao Wu ◽

Benchuan Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Plant Height ◽

Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽

Rapid Identification ◽

Genomic Region ◽

Cytokinin Signaling ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

F2 Population ◽

Dna Pools

Plant height is a vital agronomic trait for crops, including oilseed crops such as rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). It affects the crop yield, oil content, and lodging resistance in rapeseed. In this study, we investigated a dwarf trait controlled by a semi-dominant allele in rapeseed. A dwarf line, YA2016-12, was crossed with a tall line, G184-189, and an F2 population was established. Forty of the tallest plants and 40 of the shortest plants from the F2 population were selected and two DNA pools (tall and dwarf) were constructed by the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method. The two DNA pools and two parental DNAs were then re-sequenced. A sliding window analysis was used to calculate the Δ(SNP-index) and discover an association region on chromosome A03 with a length of 12.4 Mb. Within this region, we found 1225 genes, including 811 genes with non-synonymous or frameshift mutations between YA2016-12 and G184-189. Alignment to known plant height-related orthologs in Arabidopsis thaliana, as well as KEGG pathway and gene ontology annotations, was used to identify nine candidate genes (BnaA03g31770D, BnaA03g37960D, BnaA03g24740D, BnaA03g40550D, BnaA03g26120D, BnaA03g35130D, BnaA03g42350D, BnaA03g25610D, and BnaA03g39850D) involved in gibberellin or cytokinin signaling. Identification of the causal gene for this trait, and of genetic markers linked to favorable alleles, has potential utility for marker-assisted selection to breed rapeseed varieties with improved height.

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An Epigenetic LTR-retrotransposon insertion in the upstream region of BnSHP1.A9 controls quantitative pod shattering resistance in Brassica napus

10.1101/858407 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jia Liu ◽

Rijin Zhou ◽

Wenxiang Wang ◽

Hui Wang ◽

Yu Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Oilseed Rape ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Upstream Region ◽

Upstream Sequence ◽

Ltr Retrotransposon ◽

Pod Shattering ◽

Retrotransposon Insertion ◽

Pod Shatter ◽

Positive Effect

AbstractSeed loss resulting from pod shattering is a major problem in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) production worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying pod shatter resistance are not well understood. Here we show that the pod shatter resistance at quantitative trait locus, qSRI.A9.1 is controlled by a SHATTERPROOF1 (SHP1) paralog in B. napus (BnSHP1.A9). Expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR showed that BnSHP1.A9 was specifically expressed in flower buds, flowers and developing siliques in the oilseed rape line (R1) carrying the qSRI.A9.1 allele with negative effect, but not expressed in any tissue of the line (R2) carrying the positive effect qSRI.A9.1 allele. Transgenic plants constitutively expressing BnSHP1.A9 alleles from pod resistant and pod shattering parental lines showed that both alleles are responsible for pod shattering via promoting lignification of enb layer, which indicated allelic difference of BnSHP1.A9 gene per se is not the causal factor of the QTL. The upstream sequence of BnSHP1.A9 in the promotor region harboring highly methylated long terminal repeat retrotransposon insertion (LTR, 4803bp) in R2 repressed the expression of BnSHP.A9, and thus contributed to the positive effect on pod shatter resistance. Genetic and association analysis revealed that the copia LTR retrotransposon based marker BnSHP1.A9-R2 can be used for breeding for pod shatter resistant varieties and reducing the loss of seed yield in oilseed rape.

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Fine mapping of the BnUC2 locus related to leaf up-curling and plant semi-dwarfing in Brassica napus

10.21203/rs.2.17555/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chengwei Huang ◽

Mao Yang ◽

Danlei Shao ◽

Yangming Wang ◽

Shubei Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candidate Gene ◽

Plant Height ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Fine Mapping ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Leaf Shape ◽

Planting Density ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

Leaf Trait ◽

Curled Leaves

Abstract Background Studies of leaf shape development and plant stature have made important contributions to the fields of plant breeding and developmental biology. The optimization of leaf morphology and plant height to improve lodging resistance and photosynthetic efficiency, increase planting density and yield, and facilitate mechanized harvesting is a desirable goal in Brassica napus.Results Here, we investigated a B. napus germplasm resource exhibiting up-curled leaves and a semi-dwarf stature. In progeny populations derived from NJAU5737 and Zhongshuang 11 (ZS11), we found that the up-curled leaf trait was controlled by a dominant locus, BnUC2. We then fine mapped the BnUC2 locus onto an 83.19-kb interval on chromosome A05 using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. We further determined that BnUC2 was a major plant height QTL that explained approximately 70% of the phenotypic variation in two BC5F3 family populations derived from NJAU5737 and ZS11. This result implies that BnUC2 was also responsible for the observed semi-dwarf stature. The fine mapping interval of BnUC2 contained five genes, two of which, BnaA05g16700D (BnaA05.IAA2) and BnaA05g16720D, were revealed by comparative sequencing to be mutated in NJAU5737. This result suggests that the candidate gene mutation (BnaA05g16700D) in the conserved Degron motif GWPPV (P63S) was responsible for the BnUC2 locus. In addition, investigation of agronomic traits in a separation population indicated that plant height, main inflorescence length, and branching height were significantly reduced by BnUC2, whereas yield was not significantly altered. Our findings may provide an effective foundation for plant type breeding in B. napus.Conclusions Using SNP and SSR markers, a dominant locus (BnUC2) related to up-curled leaves and semi-dwarf stature in B. napus has been fine mapped onto an 83.19-kb interval of chromosome A05 containing five genes. The BnaA05g16700D (BnaA05.IAA2) is inferred to be candidate gene responsible for the BnUC2 locus.

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Characterization and Fine Mapping of a New Dwarf Mutant in Brassica Napus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-55292/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Li ◽

Fujiang Xiang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Jindong Yan ◽

Xinmei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Fine Mapping ◽

Plant Architecture ◽

Hybrid Breeding ◽

Dwarf Mutant ◽

Wild Type ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

Commercial Cultivar

Abstract Background: Plant height is an important plant architecture character closely related to yield performance of many crops. Reasonable reduction of plant height of crops is beneficial for enhancing lodging resistance and improving yield. Results: In the present study, we described a Brassica napus dwarf mutant bnd2 induced by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. Compared to wild type, bnd2 showed shorter stature, shorter hypocotyl, as well as shorter petiole leaves. We crossed the bnd2 mutant with its wild type and found that the ratio of the mutant to the wild type in the F2 population was close to 1:3, indicating that bnd2 is a recessive mutation of a single locus. Following bulked segregant analysis (BSA) by resequencing, BND2 was located into the 13.77 Mb-18.08 Mb interval of chromosome A08, with a length of 4.31 Mb. After fine mapping with SNP and InDel markers, the gene was narrowed to a 140-Kb interval ranging from 15.62 Mb to 15.76 Mb. According to reference genome annotation, there are 27 genes in the interval, and one of them BnaA08g20960D has a SNP type variation in the intron between the mutant and its parent, which may be the candidate gene conferring to BND2. The hybrid line derived from a cross between the mutant bnd2 and a commercial cultivar L329 has similar plant height but higher grain yield than the commercial cultivar, suggesting that the allele bnd2 is benefit for hybrid breeding of lodging resistance and high yield in rapeseed.Conclusion: In this study, we found a fresh resource and a new locus for dwarf in rapeseed, which may be benefit for functional analysis of genetic mechanism of plant architecture and grain yield in rapeseed.

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