The prevalence, awareness, management and control of hypertension in men and women in Benin, West Africa: the TAHES study

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa is facing a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to epidemiological transitions. Among their risk factors, hypertension is a major determinant of CVDs, but the prevalence and level of awareness and management of this condition are poorly studied in African populations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors as well as the awareness and management of this condition in a community-dwelling cohort in Benin. Methods A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in the population over the age of 25 years in Tanve, a rural setting in Benin. The questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of the World Health Organization STEPWISE survey were used. Blood pressure was measured using standard procedures. Results The sample included 1777 subjects (60.9% females, mean age was 42.5±16.5 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 32.9%, similar in men (32.8%) and women (33.0%, p=0.9342). Age and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Less than half (42%) of hypertensive people were aware about their condition and only 46.3% of them were treated. Awareness ratios differed between men and women (respectively 32.9% vs. 47.5%; p= 0.0039) and was not influenced by age, education, occupation, marital status or income. Female sex was the only factor associated with better controlled HTN, independent of socio-economic parameters. Conclusion This large population-based study confirms the high prevalence, low awareness, and low control of hypertension in men and women in sub-Saharan Africa. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations.

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The Prevalence, Awareness, Management and Control of Hypertension in Men and Women in Benin, West Africa: the TAHES study.

10.21203/rs.2.14078/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

ILEANA DESORMAIS ◽

Salimanou Ariyoh Amidou ◽

Yessito Corine Houehanou ◽

Stephan Dismand Houinato ◽

Gwladys Nadia Gbagouidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Large Population ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Rural Setting ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa is facing a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to epidemiological transitions. Among their risk factors, hypertension is a major determinant of CVDs, but the prevalence and level of awareness and management of this condition are poorly studied in African populations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors as well as the awareness and management of this condition in a community-dwelling cohort in Benin. Methods A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in the population over the age of 25 years in Tanve, a rural setting in Benin. The questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of the World Health Organization STEPWISE survey were used. Blood pressure was measured using standard procedures. Results The sample included 1777 subjects (60.9% females, mean age was 42.5±16.5 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 32.9%, similar in men (32.8%) and women (33.0%, p=0.9342). Age and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Less than half (42%) of hypertensive people were aware about their condition and only 46.3% of them were treated. Awareness ratios differed between men and women (respectively 32.9% vs. 47.5%; p= 0.0039) and was not influenced by age, education, occupation, marital status or income. Female sex was the only factor associated with better controlled HTN, independent of socio-economic parameters. Conclusion This large population-based study confirms the high prevalence, low awareness, and low control of hypertension in men and women in sub-Saharan Africa. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations.

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The Prevalence, Awareness, Management and Control of Hypertension in Men and Women in Benin, West Africa: the TAHES study.

10.21203/rs.2.14078/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ileana Desormais ◽

Salimanou Ariyoh Amidou ◽

Yessito Corine Houehanou ◽

Stephan Dismand Houinato ◽

Gwladys Nadia Gbagouidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Large Population ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Rural Setting ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa is facing a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to epidemiological transitions. Among their risk factors, hypertension is a major determinant of CVDs, but the prevalence and level of awareness and management of this condition are poorly studied in African populations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors as well as the awareness and management of this condition in a community-dwelling cohort in Benin. Methods A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in the population over the age of 25 years in Tanve, a rural setting in Benin. The questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of the World Health Organization STEPWISE survey were used. Blood pressure was measured using standard procedures. Results The sample included 1777 subjects (60.9% females, mean age was 42.5±16.5 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 32.9%, similar in men (32.8%) and women (33.0%, p=0.9342). Age and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Less than half (42%) of hypertensive people were aware about their condition and only 46.3% of them were treated. Awareness ratios differed between men and women (respectively 32.9% vs. 47.5%; p= 0.0039) and was not influenced by age, education, occupation, marital status or income. Female sex was the only factor associated with better controlled HTN, independent of socio-economic parameters. Conclusion This large population-based study confirms the high prevalence, low awareness, and low control of hypertension in men and women in sub-Saharan Africa. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations.

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Comparative Analysis of Clinical History, Sociodemographic, Behavioural Factors and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Hypertensive in Awka, Nigeria

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2019/v31i630303 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Chidinma Ifeyinwa Mmaju ◽

Peter Osezele Okonudo ◽

Gladys Ahaneku ◽

Ufoaroh Chinyelu Uchenna

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Marital Status ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Occupational Status ◽

Clinical History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and research studies done in Nigeria observed prevalence rate of hypertension to range from 26.4% to 36.9%. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and cardiovascular risk factors associated with hypertension in Awka, South East, Nigeria. Methods: Cross-sectional study was used.391 participants aged from 18 years above were recruited for this study. Structured questionnaires were constructed in line with World Health Organization Step approach was utilized for data collection. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and Diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Chi-square and independent sample T test were used to test comparison between two groups. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 45.87±17. 49.33.7% of retired subjects has the highest prevalence was statistically associated with hypertension in occupational status of the subjects, marital status was statically significant with hypertension and prevalence of hypertension among the subjects were 81.1%, 8.5%, 8.6% for married, single and divorcee respectively, (P<0.001) and also no association was observed between hypertension and subjects that occasionally use high salt often(x2=0.341, P>0.001). Conclusion: The study showed that age, family history of hypertension, consistent increase in blood pressure, occupational and marital status are associated risk factors of hypertension in Awka, South East, Nigeria. There is need to create awareness on the risk factors and encourage changes in sedentary life style.

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Subjective Happiness, Health and Quality of Life and Their Sociocultural Correlates among Younger Population in Malawi

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci8020055 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 55 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sanni Yaya ◽

Sharmistha Ghosh ◽

Bishwajit Ghose

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Psychosocial Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Regression Methods ◽

Sub Saharan

Public health research and policy in sub-Saharan Africa are generally disease-oriented, with the focus being largely confined within the biological determinants of health. So far, little attention has been given to developing a more health-oriented approach by emphasising the psychosocial dimensions of health, especially among the younger population. To this regard, we conducted the present study to assess the prevalence and sociocultural correlates of perceived happiness, health, and life satisfaction among the adolescent and young (15–24 years) population in Malawi. We analysed cross-sectional data on 12,610 men and women based on a Malawi multiple indicator cluster survey conducted in 2013–2014. Data were analysed using descriptive and multivariable regression methods. According to the findings, more than 80% of the men and women reported being satisfied about happiness, health, and life. Multivariate analysis showed an inverse relationship between being currently or formerly married and perceived happiness. Ethnic disparities in perceived health and happiness were more pronounced in men, whereas that of life satisfaction was more pronounced in women. Living in households of the highest wealth quintile was positively associated with health and life satisfaction, but not with happiness. These findings highlight the need for prioritising the psychosocial needs of the adolescent and youth populations in designing health and social policy in Malawi. The findings need to be interpreted in light of the factors specific to the sociocultural environment in Malawi.

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Prevalence and factors associated with poor self-rated health among community dwelling older adults in Lomé (Togo) in 2019

Journal of Public Health in Africa ◽

10.4081/jphia.2020.1302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fifonsi Adjidossi Gbeasor-Komlanvi ◽

Martin Kouame Tchankoni ◽

Ama Boilassi Adjonko ◽

Wendpouire Ida Carine Zida-Compaore ◽

Nicolas Konan Kouakou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

The number of older adults is increasing worldwide, including in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, there is a paucity of data on the overall health status of older adults living in SSA. To assess the prevalence and factors associated with poor Self-Rated Health (SRH) among community-dwelling older adults in Lomé, Togo, we conducted a cross-sectional study from January to June 2019 in Lomé among community-dwelling older adults aged 50 years and older. A 30- minute questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, patterns of medication use and use of herbal products and dietary supplements during a face-to-face interview. SRH was assessed using a single item: Overall, you would say that your health is… (1) excellent, (2) very good, (3) good, (4) fair and (5) poor with response fair or poor defining poor SRH. A total of 344 respondents with median age 63 years, (IQR: 55-72) were enrolled in the study. Women represented 57.6% of the sample. Overall prevalence of poor SRH was 56.4% (95%CI: 51.0-61.9) and was the highest among females (62.6% vs 47.9%; P=0.007) and participants >60 years (61.5% vs 51.1%; P=0.021). Female sex, aged ≥60 years, osteoarthritis, hospitalization within the 12 months preceding the survey, polypharmacy, and the use of herbal products were factors associated with poor SRH (P<0.05). More than half of community- dwelling older adults had poor SRH in Lomé. Further studies are needed to guide policymakers in their efforts to design and implement meaningful policies to improve older adults health conditions.

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May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Benin–Sub-Saharan Africa

European Heart Journal Supplements ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/suab018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (Supplement_B) ◽

pp. B24-B26

Author(s):

Corine Houehanou ◽

Léopold Codjo ◽

Philippe Adjagba ◽

Arnaud Sonou ◽

Hugues Dohou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Antihypertensive Medication ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Hypertension constitutes a major health concern worldwide and particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative of the International Society of Hypertension for raising awareness of high blood pressure (BP). This work aims to determine the prevalence, awareness and levels of treatment and control of hypertension among adults participating in the MMM Campaign in Benin in 2019 (MMM19). A cross-sectional survey including volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in June 2019 in 13 rural and urban areas in Benin. BP measurement followed the MMM19 protocol. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg, or a diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg (based on the mean of the second and third readings) or taking antihypertensive medication. A total of 3637 people were screened with a female predominance (61.4%) and a mean age of 44.4 ± 16.1 years. A total of 1363 (37.5%) participants had hypertension. Of 1363 participants with hypertension: 64.5% were aware of their status and 43.9% were taking antihypertensive medication. Among 598 participants taking anti-hypertensive medication, 34.9% had controlled BP (systolic BP <140 mmHg and diastolic BP <90 mmHg). The results suggest a high prevalence of hypertension in Benin and that intensifying actions for its primary prevention, early detection and effective management should be encouraged.

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The Distribution of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nurses in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-50166/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kagiso Kgakge ◽

Mbuzeleni Hlongwa ◽

Themba Ginindza

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Background Globally, work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) have emerged as a major occupational public health concern among healthcare workers (HCW), in particular the nurses who are at the forefront of the healthcare delivery system. The 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data for non-communicable diseases reports that Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALYs) for musculoskeletal conditions increased by 61.6% between 1990 and 2016, with an increase of 19.6% between 2006 and 2016. Furthermore, World Health Organization (WHO, 2018), states that the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the Decade of Healthy Ageing (DHA) 2020–2030 offer a timely and favorable opportunity for increased global attention and action on musculoskeletal health both at national and global level because the burden of disease profiles are shifting from communicable conditions to predominantly long-term non-communicable diseases, commonly including musculoskeletal conditions. Literature indicates that musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) constitute a notable occupational problem among the nurses with low back pain (LBP) being the most prevalent with consequent occupational injuries. There is an increase in literature regarding the MSD which poses a major threat to the health of nurses, hence there is need to investigate measures that can be used to mitigate the burden of LBP among nurses. Therefore, the scoping review will map the existing evidence on prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors and economic costs associated with MSD among nurses in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods and analysis Scoping review will be done to explore, describe and map literature on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors, and economic costs related to MSD among nurses in SSA. The search will be done using databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, nursing academic editions and World Health Organization (WHO) library databases. The search will look for primary studies within peer-reviewed articles as well as gray literature. The list of references from included studies will also be searched. This scoping review will be reported in accordance to the MOOSE and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The NVivo 12 data analysis software will be used to generate themes, and a thematic content analysis will be used to give the narrative account of the review. Discussion At the end, this study anticipates to uncover the relevant literature in SSA in regard to prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors and costs related to MSD among nurses, furthermore findings from this study will help in identifying research gaps, informing policy, priority in funding and planning and to guide future research.

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Schistosoma and Other Relevant Helminth Infections in HIV-Positive Individuals—an Overview

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease ◽

10.3390/tropicalmed4020065 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 65 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amrei von Braun ◽

Henning Trawinski ◽

Sebastian Wendt ◽

Christoph Lübbert

Keyword(s):

Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Helminth Infections ◽

Helminthic Infections ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Health Organization ◽

Hiv Acquisition

For many years, researchers have postulated that helminthic infections may increase susceptibility to HIV, and that immune activation may have contributed to the extensive spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. In the meantime, immunological studies have provided some evidence in support of this hypothesis, while cross-sectional clinical studies were able to further support the assumed association between HIV infection and selected helminthic co-infections. However, as many of the helminthic infections relevant to HIV-infected patients belong to the group of “neglected tropical diseases”, as defined by the World Health Organization, a certain lack of attention has inhibited progress in fully scaling up treatment and prevention efforts. In addition, despite the fact that the challenges of co-infections have preoccupied clinicians for over two decades, relevant research questions remain unanswered. The following review aims to provide a concise overview of associations between HIV and selected helminthic co-infections concerning aspects of HIV acquisition and transmission, clinical and immunological findings in co-infected individuals, as well as treatment and prevention efforts.

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P6369Prevalence of severe hypertension in a sub-Saharan African community

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0965 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

B Gaye ◽

A L Janeczek ◽

X Jouven ◽

D Luu ◽

E Marijon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Severe Hypertension ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Global Health Initiative ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Individuals with SH have high 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease, especially when additional risk factors or target organ damage are present. Though some data from in-hospital or selected populations are available, there are no studies reporting community-level prevalence of Severe Hypertension (SH) in sub-Saharan Africa. Purpose Using a cross-sectional design in Abidjan (Ivory Coast), we assessed prevalence of Severe Hypertension among adults. Methods Study participants were recruited within the framework of The Heart Fund's global health initiative. Data were collected in August 2016 from 6 randomly selected sites, ensuring representativeness of both urban and rural areas. Blood pressure (BP) was measured twice, 10 minutes apart, after optimal resting time. Blood pressure measurement were standardized between sites and SH was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥180 and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥110 mmHg at both readings. Demographics and data on cardiovascular history/risk factors were collected in the field. Ethics approval for the study was obtained from the National Ethical Committee of Côte d'Ivoire and written informed consent was obtained from all adult patients. Results Among 1,785 subjects examined, 1,182 aged between 18 and 75 years were included in this analysis. The prevalence of SH was 14.1% (12.5% females vs 17.0% males; P=0.03) (Figure). Among participants with severe hypertension, 28.9% were either undiagnosed or untreated. Alarmingly, subjects at high cardiovascular risk (age ≥60 years and/or obese) had even higher prevalence of overall SH (29.6% and 24.9%, respectively) as well as undiagnosed/untreated SH (29.4% and 24.6%). SH prevalence was almost double in urban compared to rural areas (17.0% vs. 9.2%, P=0.02); however, conversely, undiagnosed/untreated SH was significantly higher in rural areas (50.4% vs 21.9%). Compared to normal bodyweight, those who were overweight and obese had a 1.95-fold (95% CI, 1.30–2.93; P<0.001)and 4.24-fold (95% CI, 2.68–6.74; P<0.001)increased odds of SH (adjusting for age and sex), respectively. Similarly, participants ≥60 years had a 6.04-fold (95% CI, 3.93–9.36; P<0.001)increased risk of undiagnosed SH compared to under 50 years. Finally, men had higher odds of SH compared to women (OR 1.71, 95% CI, 1.19–2.47; P=0.004). Figure 1 Conclusion(s) Our community-based study revealed very high prevalence of SH among adults in Abidjan area, with almost one out of every seven having SH. This underscores SH as a growing public health problemin sub-Saharan Africa.More concerning, a significant (almost one third) proportion of them were either undiagnosed or untreated.

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