scholarly journals Correction to: The prevalence of cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) and benefits of pre-emptive antifungal treatment among HIV-infected persons with CD4+ T-cell counts < 200 cells/μL: evidence based on a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Li ◽  
Xiaojie Huang ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Yuanyuan Qin ◽  
Jianhua Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antifungal Treatment ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cryptococcal Antigen ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals The prevalence of cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) and benefits of pre-emptive antifungal treatment among HIV-infected persons with CD4+ T-cell counts < 200 cells/μL: Evidence based on a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Li ◽  
Xiaojie Huang ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Yuanyuan Qin ◽  
Jianhua Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antifungal Treatment ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Cryptococcal Antigen ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Abstract Background: Current WHO guidelines (2018) recommend screening for cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) in HIV-infected persons with CD4+ T cell counts<100 cells/μL, followed by pre-emptive antifungal therapy among CrAg positive (CrAg+) persons, to prevent cryptococcal meningitis related deaths. This strategy may also be considered for those persons with a CD4+ T cell count of < 200 cells/uL according the WHO guidelines. However, there is sparse evidence in the literature supporting CrAg screening and pre-emptive antifungal therapy in those HIV-infected persons with this CD4+ T cell counts<200 cells/μL. Objective: We aimed to assess the prevalence of CrAg in HIV-infected persons, and to assess the efficacy of pre-emptive antifungal therapy in CrAg+ persons with CD4+ T cell<200 cells/µL. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis using data extracted from randomized controlled studies (RCTs) and cohort studies found in a search of Pubmed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and the EMBASE/MEDLINE database. Results: The pooled prevalence of CrAg positivity in HIV-infected persons with CD4+ T cell counts<200 cells/µL was 5% (95%CI: 2-7). The incidence of CM in CrAg+ persons was 3% (95%CI: 1-6). Among those CrAg+ persons who did not receive pre-emptive treatment, or those who received placebo, the incidence of CM was 5% (95%CI: 2-9), whereas the incidence of CM among those who received pre-emptive antifungal therapy was 3% (95%CI: 1-6), which is a statistically significant reduction in incidence of 40% (RR: 7.64, 95%CI: 2.96-19.73, p <0.00001). As for persons with CD4+ T cell counts between 101~200 cells/µL, the risk ratio for the incidence of CM among those receiving placebo or no intervention was 1.15, compared to those receiving antifungal treatment (95%CI: 0.16-8.13). Conclusions: In our meta-analysis the incidence of CM was significantly reduced by pre-emptive antifungal therapy in CrAg+ HIV-infected persons with CD4<200 cells/µL. However, more specific observational data in persons with CD4+ T cell counts between 101~200 cells/µL are required in order to emphasize specific benefit of CrAg screening and pre-emptive antifungal treating in CrAg+ persons with CD4+ T cell counts <200 cells/µL.

scholarly journals Immunological and Psychological Efficacy of Meditation/Yoga Intervention Among People Living With HIV (PLWH): A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of 19 Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiyi Jiang ◽  
Jianhua Hou ◽  
Runsong Sun ◽  
Lili Dai ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Yoga Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cell Counts

Abstract Background An expanding number of mind–body therapies are being used to reduce the psychological burden of peoples living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the effects on the immune system and mental health varied among studies. Purpose This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the randomized controlled trials to draw comprehensive conclusions regarding the psycho-immunological efficacy. Methods Random-effects models were used to assess the outcome of interest. Egger’s tests were used to identify publication bias. Subgroup and meta-regression were used to explore potential moderators. This review was registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42019148118). Results Nineteen randomized controlled trials with a total sample size of 1,300 were included in this meta-analysis. Regarding immune system outcome, mind–body therapy significantly improved CD4 T-cell counts (Cohen’s d = 0.214, p = .027) and maintained (0.427, p = .049). In addition, baseline CD4 T-cell counts and years since HIV diagnosis significantly moderated the efficacy of mind–body practices on CD4 improvement (all ps &lt; .001). Regarding mental health outcome, mind–body therapy significantly reduced stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms (0.422, p &lt; .001; 0.506, p &lt; .001, and 0.709, p &lt; .001, respectively) while improving quality of life (0.67, p &lt; .001). Conclusions Meditation/yoga intervention could result in potential benefits with regard to improved CD4 T-cell counts immediately after the intervention and at long-term follow-up, while also improving their mental health. The cost-effective meditation/yoga intervention should be integrated into routine care for people living with HIV, especially for those with lower CD4 baseline and fewer years since diagnosis.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte subset analysis to evaluate the prognosis of HIV-negative patients with pneumocystis pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Jin ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Huan-ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphocyte Subset ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv Negative

Abstract Objectives We analysed the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients infected with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) to determine the relationships between the levels of different types of lymphocytes and the prognosis of patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed HIV-negative patients with PCP diagnosed in our department. All the eligible patients underwent lymphocyte subset analysis on admission. Results A total of 88 HIV-negative PCP patients were enrolled in the study. In univariate analyses, low CD4+ T cell count, low CD8+ T cell count, and low natural killer cell (NK cell) count were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. CD8+ T cell count ≤300/μL was found to be an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in multivariate logistical regression analysis (p = 0.015, OR = 11.526, 95% CI = 1.597–83.158). Although low CD4+ T cell and NK cell counts were not independent risk factors, the mortality rates of PCP patients decreased as the CD4+ T cell and NK cell counts increased. Conclusion The immune process of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection is complex but important. We propose that lymphocyte subsets could give clinicians a better understanding of patient immune status, helping with the early identification of potentially lethal infections and treatment decision making, such as adjusting the immunosuppressive regimen and choosing an appropriate patient monitoring level.

Low absolute CD4+ T cell counts in peripheral blood predict poor prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1869-1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Gu ◽  
Yuanyuan Jin ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
Wu Yujie ◽  
Qinglin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals BANA-Positive Plaque Samples Are Associated with Oral Hygiene Practices and Not CD4+ T Cell Counts in HIV-Positive Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Nisha John ◽  
Lawrence Xavier Graham Stephen ◽  
Charlene Wilma Joyce Africa
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Clinical Indices

Background. The “red complex” microorganisms, namely,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Treponema denticola, andTannerella forsythiaare considered as potential pathogens causing HIV-associated periodontal diseases. Moreover, it has been recognized that an association exists between CD4+ T cell counts and periodontal disease progression.Objective. To establish whether CD4+ T cell counts or oral hygiene plays a greater role in producing BANA-positive results in HIV-associated periodontal disease.Materials and Methods. One hundred and twenty HIV-positive patients participated in the study, and their CD4+ T cell counts were obtained from their medical records. The six Ramfjord teeth were used for evaluating periodontal clinical indices and subgingival plaque sampling. BANA test was used for the detection and prevalence of the “red complex” bacteria in plaque samples.Results. A majority of 69.17% HIV-positive patients were BANA-positive. No significant associations were found between BANA and CD4+ T cell counts. A highly significant association was found between BANA with probing depth and clinical attachment level (P≤0.0001) and between BANA and the use of interdental aids (P=0.0168).Conclusion. HIV-associated periodontal diseases are strongly related to oral hygiene practices rather than the effect of CD4+ T cell counts, and the use of interdental aids was marked as a significant predictor of BANA-negative plaque samples.

scholarly journals Daily Quality Control in CD3+and CD4+T Cell Estimation by the FACSCount System at a Tertiary Care Center in South India

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1693-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena V. Ramalingam ◽  
Monika Mani ◽  
Vijayanand C. Sundaresan ◽  
Ramesh J. Karunaiya ◽  
Jaiprasath Sachithanandham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
T Cell ◽  
South India ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACTCD4+T cell count estimations are subject to high variations; hence, in this study, the previous day's tested samples were included routinely as the internal quality controls. The percentages of variation of the 2-day values were analyzed for 280 observations and the mean variation for CD4+and CD3+T cell counts ranged from 5.21% to 9.66%. This method is a good internal quality control (IQC) procedure for the estimation of CD3+and CD4+T cell counts in resource-poor settings.

MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM INTRACELLULARE COMPLEX INFECTION IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-276
Author(s):  
Joseph Church
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare

HIV-infected children are at risk for developing disseminated MAC infection. Children older than 5 years and those with CD4+ T-cell counts &lt;100/mm3 (&lt;100 x 106/liter) are at greatest risk.

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